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20123No．3，2012（266）ComparativeEducationReviewGeneralNo．266、、、ScienceTechnologyEngi-neeringMathematicsSTEM[1]“”。[2][3]2010《》Na-tionalScienceEducationStandardsNSES1996)2011719《K-12》《》。、《》NationalResearchCouncilNRC1996[4]K-12、。“”、。、《》。152010《》、。NationalAcademyofScienceNAS、NationalSci-enceTeachersAssociationNSTA、AmericanAssociationforAdvancementofScienceAAAS、AchieveInc.。《》。《》———K-12100048[]《K-12》。、、。。[]G51/712A1003-7667201203-0072-05①115609211。1980-。①—72—No．3．201220123GeneralNo．266ComparativeEducationReview（266）“、、、”。[5]、、、。1.ChildrenAreBornIn-vestigators《》、。。[6]。。[7]。《》K-5。。2.FocusingonCoreIdeasandPractices。、“”《》[8]CoreIdeas、、。3.UnderstandingDevelopsOverTime、[9]。。“”learningpro-gressionsLPs。[10]《》。4.Sci-enceandEngineeringRequireBothKnowledgeandPractice、、。、、、、。。。5.ConnectingtoStu-dents’InterestsandExperiences。[11]、。6.PromotingEquity《》。、。、。—73—20123No．3，2012（266）ComparativeEducationReviewGeneralNo．266。、《》。1.scienceandengineeringpractices“”、。“”。[12]8、、、。2.cross-cuttingconcepts《》NRC,1996。17。。。、、、、、、、1.3.disciplinarycoreideas、、、。1234。。。—74—No．3．201220123GeneralNo．266ComparativeEducationReview（266）。、、。、《》1234。[13]2《》。2.1.《》2.4.《》、3.、、《》21。1.“”“”《》“”K-12、、、。、。。[14]“”“”“”、。2.“”《》。、、、。、、。。。3.“”“”《》“”practices“”inquiry“”skills。“”“”、—75—20123No．3，2012（266）ComparativeEducationReviewGeneralNo．266“”。《》“”。“”“”。“”。。“”“”。《》。[1]NationalSecurityStrategy[EB/OL].http//[2]ETSPollAmericansSeeMathandScienceasKeytoU.S.Competitiveness[EB/OL].http//=in&id=6484.2011-07-31.[3]TheOpportunityEquationTransformingMathematicsandScienceEducationforCitizenshipandtheGlobalEconomy[EB/OL].http//opportunityequation.org/uploads/files/oe_re-port.pdf.2011-07-31.[4].[J].1995264.[5]NationalResearchCouncil.AFrameworkforK-12ScienceEducationPracticesCrosscuttingConceptsandCoreIdeas.WashingtonDCTheNationalAcademiesPress2011.1.[6]MetzK.ReassessmentofDevelopmentalConstraintsonChildren’sScienceInstruction.ReviewofEducationalRe-search19956593~127.[7][13]NationalResearchCouncil.TakingSciencetoSchoolLearningandTeachingScienceinGradeK-8.WashingtonDCTheNationalAcademiesPress2007.53.[8]JohnD.BransfordAnnL.BrownRodneyR.Cocking.HowPeopleLearnBrainMindExperienceandSchoolEx-pandedEdition.WashingtonDCTheNationalAcademiesPress2000.31.[9][12]SarahMichaelsAndrewW.ShouseHeidiA.Schwein-gruber.ReadySetScience!PuttingResearchtoWorkinK-8ScienceClassrooms.WashingtonDCTheNationalAcademiesPress2008.38.34.[10]RavitGolanDuncanCindyE.Hmelo-Silver.LearningProgressionsAligningCurriculumInstructionandAs-sessment.JournalofResearchinScienceTeaching.2009466606~609.[11]TaiR.H.LiuC.Q.MalteseA.V.FanX.PlanningEarlyforCareersinScience.Science3125777)1143~1144.[14].———[J].20106157~61.NewVisionofScienceEducationReformintheUnitedStates———ReviewonANewFrameworkforK-12ScienceEducationintheUnitedStatesZHANGYing-zhiAbstract：TheUnitedStatesrecentlyhasreleasedanewreportcalled“AFrameworkforK-12ScienceEdu-cation”.Thisdocumentpresentsanoverallblueprintofsciencecurriculumforthe21stcenturyintheUnitedStates.Itisintendedtobeaguidetodevelopnewscienceeducationstandards.Sixguidingprinciplesdrawnfromnewresearchonlearningandteachinginscienceunderlieboththestructureandthecontentoftheframework.Threedimensionsoftheframeworkbroadlyoutlinetheknowledgeandpracticesofthesciencesandengineeringthatallstudentsshouldlearnbytheendofhighschool.Thenewideasofthisreportareworthyofattention.Keywords：theUnitedStatesscienceeducationcoreideaspractices—76—