2017年东营市中考数学试卷

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数学答案第1页,共6页秘密★启用前试卷类型:A数学试题参考答案及评分标准评卷说明:1.选择题和填空题中的每小题,只有满分和零分两个评分档,不给中间分.2.解答题中的每小题的解答中所对应的分数,是指考生正确解答到该步骤所应得的累计分数.本答案对每小题只给出一种解法,对考生的其他解法,请参照评分标准相应评分.3.如果考生在解答的中间过程出现计算错误,但并没有改变试题的实质和难度,其后续部分酌情给分,但最多不超过正确解答分数的一半;若出现严重的逻辑错误,后续部分就不再给分.一.选择题:本大题共10小题,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是正确的,请把正确的选项选出来.每小题选对得3分,共30分.选错、不选或选出的答案超过一个均记零分.题号12345678910答案DBACDABCDC二、填空题:本大题共8小题,其中11-14题每小题3分,15-18题每小题4分,共28分,只要求填写最后结果.11.81.210;12.242xy;13.乙;14.①②③;15.23;16.25;17.stantantantan—;18.2017212-.三、解答题:本大题共7小题,共62分.解答要写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.19.(本题满分8分)解:(1)原式=2631532182?++--=„„„„3分aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa12224222422224211424211113222222原式„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分由题意可知2,1aa数学答案第2页,共6页∴当0a时,原式=1„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分20.(本题满分7分)解:(1)该班全部人数:(人)48%2512„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1分(2)如图„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分(3)oo45360486„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分(4)分别用“1、2、3、4”代表“助老助残、社区服务、生态环保、网络文明”四个服务活动,可用列表法表示如下:小明12341(1,1)(2,1)(3,1)(4,1)2(1,2)(2,2)(3,2)(4,2)3(1,3)(2,3)(3,3)(4,3)4(1,4)(2,4)(3,4)(4,4)则所有等可能的情况有16种,其中他们参加同一服务活动的情况有4种.„„„„6分所以恰好相同的概率:41164P„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„7分21.(本题满分8分)(1)证明:∵OB=OD,∴∠ABC=∠ODB.„„„„„„„„„„1分∵AB=AC,∴∠ABC=∠ACB.∴∠ODB=∠ACB.∴OD∥AC.„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2分∵DE是⊙O的切线,OD是⊙O的半径,∴DE⊥OD.„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分小丽人数服务活动302418126网络文明生态环保社区服务助老助残O数学答案第3页,共6页∴DE⊥AC.„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分(2)解:过点O作OHAF,垂足为H,则90ODEDEHOHE,∴四边形ODEH为矩形,∴,ODEHOHDE.„„„„5分设AHx,∵DE+EA=8,OD=10∴10AEx,8(10)2OHDExx„„„„„„„„„„„„„„6分在Rt△AOH中,由勾股定理知:222.AHOHOA即222210xx,解得:18x,26x(不符合题意,舍去)„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„7分∴8AH∵OHAF∴12AHFHAF∴22816AFAH„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„8分22.(本题满分8分)解:(1)∵OB=3,△AOB的面积为3∴B(3,0),OA=2,A(0,-2)„„„„„„„„2分2,30bkb232bk∴223yx„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分又∵OD=6,CD⊥x轴,HFEDCBOA(第21题答案图)(第22题答案图)xyDCABO数学答案第4页,共6页将6x代入223yx得y=2,∴C(6,2)„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分∴62n,∴12n,∴xy12„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„6分(2)当0x时,0nkxbx的解集是06x.„„„„„„„„„„„„8分23.(本题满分9分)解:(1)设改扩建1所A类学校需资金x万元,改扩建1所B类学校需资金y万元,则23780035400xyxy,„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„2分解得12001800xy,„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分答:改扩建1所A类学校需资金1200万元,改扩建1所B类学校需资金1800万元.„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分(2)设A类学校有a所,则B类学校有(10—a)所.则(10)11800300500(10)4000(1200300)(1800500)≤≥aaaa,„„„„„„„„„„„„„6分解得35aa≥≤,„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„7分∴3≤a≤5,即a=3,4,5.答:有3种改扩建方案,方案一:A类学校有3所,B类学校有7所;方案二:A类学校有4所,B类学校有6所;方案三:A类学校有5所,B类学校有5所.„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„9分24.(本题满分10分)(1)证明:∵在等腰△ABC中,∠BAC=120°∴∠ABD=∠ACB=30°∴∠ABD=∠ADE„„„„„„„„„„„2分∵∠ADC=∠ADE+∠EDC=∠ABD+∠DAB(第24题答案图)CBADE数学答案第5页,共6页∴∠EDC=∠DAB∴△ABD∽△DCE„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分(2)解:∵AB=AC=2,∠BAC=120°容易得出:BC=32„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分则DC=x-32,EC=y2∵△ABD∽△DCE∴CEDCBDAB,即yxx2322„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„5分化简得:23212xxy)320(<<x„„„„„„„„„„„„„„6分(3)当AD=DE时,由(1)可知,此时△ABD≌△DCE则AB=CD,即x322232x,代入23212xxy解得:324y,即324AE„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„8分当AE=ED时,∠EAD=∠EDA=30°,∠AED=120°∴∠DEC=60°,∠EDC=90°则EC21ED,即yy221解得:32y,即32AE„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„9分当AD=AE时,∠AED=∠EDA=30°,∠EAD=120°此时点D与点B重合,与题目不符,此情况不存在.∴当△ADE是等腰三角形时,324AE或32AE.„„„„„„„„10分25.(本题满分12分)解:(1)∵直线333yx分别与x轴、y轴交于B、C两点,∴点B的坐标为(3,0),点C的坐标为(0,3).„„„„„„„„„„„1分∵90ACOBCO,90ACOCAO,∴CAOBCO数学答案第6页,共6页∵90AOCCOB∴△AOC∽△COB„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„3分∴AOCOCOBO∴333AO∴1AO∴点A的坐标为(1,0).„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„4分(2)∵抛物线23yaxbx经过A、B两点∴309330abab解得:33233ab„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„6分∴抛物线的解析式为2323333yxx„„„„„„„„„„„„„7分(3)由题意知,△DMH为直角三角形,且30M,当MD取得最大值时,△DMH的周长最大.设M(x,2323333xx),D(x,333x)则MD=23233(3)(3)333xxx即:2333MDxx(0x3)„„„„„„„„„9分23333()324MDx∴当32x时,MD有最大值334„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„11分∴△DMH周长的最大值为33331333939442428.„„„„„„„12分xyDHABOCM(第25题答案图)

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