牛津英语5A英语语法(六)数词一数词的种类数词分基数词和序数词基数词是表示自然数列的词,例如;one,two,three,four…..序数词是表示先后顺序的词,例如:first,second,third,fourth…二基数词和序数词的表示法1.基数词单词的拼写:1~12为单词,13~19都以后缀-teen结尾,20至90这样的整十数都以后缀-ty结尾,其他基数词中间加连字符号“-”再按照上述的变化进行。例:21→twenty-one56--fifty-six85→eighty-five三位数的构成为:几+百+and+末两位(或末一位)数例:132→onehundredandthirty-two205→twohundredandfive千以上的数字的读法:从后面往前,每三位数作为一个单位,分别为thousand,million.32,548,652,读作:thirtytwomillion,fivehundredandfortyeightthousand,sixhundredandfiftytwo2.序数词=基数词+th(1、2、3为first,second,third)。但以下几种情况要注意:1)fifth(第五),eighth(第八),ninth(第九),twelfth(第十二)2)以ty结尾的基数词变词尾为tieth例:twenty→twentieth,ninety→ninetieth3)复合序数词只需要将相应基数词中最后一位变成序数词,其余不变。例:第二十一→twenty-first第二百四十五→twohundredandforty-fifth三基数词序数词的用法1.hundred,thousand,million与数字连用,表示一定量的具体数字,不用复数,但表示不定概念可用复数例:threehundredpeople,millionsofpeople2.基数词表示时刻。例:7点seveno’clock,7:20seventwenty3.给某些事物编号例:LessonOne=thefirstlessonBusNo.27月1日=JulyI(JulyIst)1996年6月3日=June3,1996=Junethethird,nineteenninety-six4.有关分数表示法。分子是基数词,分母是序数词。当分子大于1时,分母就用复数。例:I’vereadone-fifthofthebooks.I’vefinishedthree-fifthsofthewords.5.有关倍数表示法两倍用twice,三倍以上用数词+times,要注意倍数在句子的位置。例:Thedooristhreetimesthesizeofthis.6.十位数字(个位为零)的基数词以复数形式出现时,表示年代、年龄例:Sheisagood-lookingwomaninherforties.(forties指40—49岁之间)四.数词实练习题解析:1.TheEnglishfor10,440is.A.tenthousand,fourhundredsandfortyB.tenthousand,fourhundredandfortyC.tenthousands,fourhundredandfortyD.tenthousandandfourhundred,forty本题在于掌握千以上数字的读法,在千、百前面有数字,不加复数;百位、十位中间加and,每三位为一组,再加相应的单位即可,故选B2.oftheworkersinthefactoryisabouttwohundred,ofthemarewomenworkers.A.Thenumber,first-thirdB.Thenumber,one-thirdC.Anumber,halfD.Anumber,threequarters分数表达法前文阐述已经很多,应表示为one-third.要区分thenumberof与anumberof,thenumberof指“……的数量”,谓语动词用单数;anumberof意为“许多”,谓语动词为复数。故选B3.---Canyouwritethenumbereighty-fivethousand,sixhundredandtwenty-six?---Yes,itis.A.85662B.85626C.85006D.85000千以上的数字,从后往前三个数为一个单位,即从85之后顺次写出三个数即可,即626,连在一起即为85626。故选B.4.AboutofthebooksinourschoollibraryarewritteninChinese.A.fouth-fifthsB.four–fifthC.four–fifthsD.fourths-fifth本题考查分数的表达法,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1,分母用复数,因此它的表达法为four-fifths,故选C。5.Theroadisovermeterslong.A.sixhundredandfifty-twoB.sixhundredsandfiftytwoC.sixhundred,fifty–twoD.sixhundred,fiftyandtwo百、千、百万等词与数字连用不用复数,因此不加s。其次表示百位数时要在百位和十位之间(无十位,则在百位和个位之间)加and,再次在个位与十位之间要有连字符“-”,故本题选A6.JanuaryisNewYear’sDay.A.oneB.twoC.thefirstD.thesecond某月的几号要用序数词表示,读时序数词前要加the。故选C7.Taketheturningonyournight.A.nineB.ninthC.nineteenD.nineth根据题意判断本题考第几个转弯处需用序数词,拼写正确的只有B五.专项练习1.Therearedaysinaweek.A.thesevenB.seventhC.theseventhD.seven2.Ithinkthatthecentury(世纪)willbringusmorehopes.A.twenty-oneB.twentieth-firstC.twenty-firstD.twentieth-one3.--Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschool?--thestudentsinourschoolovertwothousand.A.Thenumberof;isB.Thenumberof;areC.Anumberof;isD.Anumberof;are4.Thenewstudentisin.A.Class2B.ClassSecondC.2ClassD.class25.--Howmanyteachersarethereinyourschool?--,butI’mnotsure.A.HundredsB.HundredC.HundredsofD.Onehundred6.oftheteachersinourschoolisaboutonehundred,andofthemarewomenteachers.A.Thenumber,two-thirdsB.Thenumber,two-thidC.Anumber,halfD.Anumber,three-quarters7.---Dad,whenwillyoubefree?Youagreedtogototheseasidewithmefourdaysago.---Iamsorry,Jean.ButIthinkIwillhaveaholidaysoon.A.four-daysB.four-dayC.fourdaysD.fourday8.FanZhiyi’stransfertoDundeeFootballClubattheendoflastyeararoused(激起)Chinesepeople’sinterest.A.thousandofB.thousandC.thousandsofD.thousands9.Thisstoryhappenedon.A.1989,Oct21stB.Oct.21st,1989C.21Oct,ber,1989D.21stofOctber,198910.Sevenfivecanbewritten.A.fivesevensB.fivetosevenC.sevenfivesD.fivepastseven答案:1-5DCAAD6-10ABCBD