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TheAttributiveClause定语从句富源六中宁益庆1.定义：2.先行词：3.关系代词、关系副词：在复合句中用来用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词（antecedent）。引导定语从句的词关系代词：关系副词：Who,whom,whose,which,that等When,where,why等关系代词和关系副词的作用：1、引导作用2、替代作用3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用Eg:1.Thosewhowanttogopleasesignyournameshere.2.Thisisthehousewherehewasborn.3.Bill,whowashereyesterday,askedmealotofquestions.关系代词的用法指代所作成分是否可省略ThatWhichWhoWhomwhose人；物物人人人、物主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语宾语定语作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省可省不可省关系副词的用法指代所作成分是否可省略WhenWherewhy时间状语否地点状语否原因状语否判断下列引导词在句中的用法Eg:1.Heissuchamanwhonevertellsalie.2.Heisthemodelworkerwhom/whoweshouldlearnfrom.3.Adictionaryisabookwhichoftenhelpsustoknowthemeaningsofthewords.4.ThisisthefilmwhichIlikebest.5.Theboywhosefatherisaprofessorisoneofmybestfriends.指代、所作成分、是否可省略6.Thehousewhoseroofwasblownawaybythestormwillberebuiltsoon.7.Itwas11o’clockwhentheaccidenthappenedlastnight.8.ThisisthevillagewhereIwasbroughtup.关系代词which和that的区别：A.关系代词必须用that的情形：ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Thefirstmanarrivedattheclasswasourheadteacher.ThisistheonlyticketthatIgotyesterday.ThisistheverybookthatI’mlookingfor.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?Allthatyouhavetodoistopressthebutton.Thereisnotimethatwecanwaste.Thecaranditsdriverthatknockeddowntheoldladyhavebeentakentothepolicestation.Summarize:只能用that引导定语从句的几种情况1)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时。2）先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。3)先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等.4）先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰。5）先行词既有人又有物时。B.指物时，作介词的宾语，关系代词只能用whichThisisthequestionaboutwhichwe’vehadsomuchdiscussion.Practice:1.Theyaskedhimtotellthemeverything_____hesawatthefront.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where2.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_______shecouldturnforhelp.(1992)A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom3.Idon’tlike__________youspeaktoher.(1993上海)A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhichBDACorrectthefollowingsentences:1.ThisisthebestfilmwhichIhaveseen.2.That’sallwhichwanttosay.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.That’sallthatIwanttosay.3.Isthereanythingwhichyouwantinthisshop?4.Hetalkedaboutsomewritersandbookswhich/whowereunknowntousall.5.Theroominthatshelivesisalargeone.Isthereanythingthatyouwantinthisshop?Hetalkedaboutsomewritersandbooksthatwereunknowntousall.Theroominwhichshelivesisalargeone.关系副词when,where,why的用法1.Doyoustillrememberthedaywhenwewenttovisitthemuseumtogether?Doyoustillrememberthedayonwhichwewenttovisitthemuseumtogether?2.Thisisthefactorywheremyfatheronceworked.Thisisthefactoryinwhichmyfatheronceworked.3.Thisisthereasonwhyhewaslate.Thisisthereasonforwhichhewaslate.Summarize:在定语从句中关系副词都等于一个适当的介词加上which，在从句中作状语When=in/at/on/…+which;Where=in/at/on/…+which;Why=for/…+whichas引导的非限制性定语从句(1)ThisisthesamepenasIlost.ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.Pleasecompare:这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。as引导的非限制性定语从句Theearthisround._____isknowntoall.Theearthisround,_____isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisround______isknowntoallthattheearthisround.Itwhich/asAsItas具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpected定语从句在句首时只能用as,as引导的限制性定语从句(2)Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatPleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)介词+关系代词的情况1Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.toin介词+关系代词的情况2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介词+关系代词的情况3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toin××Arethesetwosentencesright?可见,who、that不能用与介词之后介词+关系代词的情况4Isthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗?•1.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?•2.Doyoulikethebookshepaid$10?•3.Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?•4.Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?•5.Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies.介词+关系代词的情况练习onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichthroughwhich•6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,standsourteacher.•7.Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_______•istheYellowRiver.•8.Thetower_______peoplecanhaveagoodview•isonthehill.•9.Theman________Ispokeonthephonelastnight•isverygoodatwrestling.•10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,•most______hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.underwhichofwhichfromwhichtowhomofwhich1.当先行词是不定代词时,如:All,few,little,much,every,something,anything,everything,等只能用that做关系代词的情况2.当先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,little,few,no,any等修饰时3.当人和物合做先行词时4.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时5.在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中Practice:1.----IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.(1999)---Isthatthereason_______youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where2.I’mgoingtovisittheschool_________mymothertaughtphysicstenyearsago.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what3.Doyoustillremembertheday___________IfirstcametoBeijing?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.whereAAC•关系副词when,where和关系代词that,which的区分同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where，有时使用that/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用when，有时使用that/which主要看：从句意思是否完整；完整的话需用关系副词，若意思不完整则需加关系代词充当某个成分。请比较以下句子：•Thisistheparkthatwevisitedlastyear.(从句意思不完整需要加宾语)Thisistheparkwhereweheldabirthdayparty.（从句完整，只需加