物流英语1

WhatisLogistics?TheimportanceofLogisticsDevelopmentofLogisticsManagementWhatisLogistics?TheDefinitionofLogistics（物流的概念）Therearevariousdefinitionsofdifferentedition.Butingeneral,therearemainlytwotypesofdefinitioninpractice.1.InChineseLogisticsTerms,logisticsmeansthepgysicalmovementofgoodsfromthesupplierpointtothereceivepoint.Basedonpracticalneed,integratedorganically（有机结合）thevarietyofthebasicfunctionalactivitiesincludingtransportation,storage,loadingandunloading,handling,package,distributionandinformationmanagement,etc.在国家标准物流术语中，物流定义为物品从供应地向接受地的实体流动过程，根据实际需要，将运输、储存、装卸、包装、配送、信息处理等基本功能实现有机结合。2.TheCouncilofLogisticsManagementhasadoptedthisdefinitionoflogisticsLogisticsisthatpartofthesupplychainprocessthatplans,implements,andcontrolstheefficient,effectiveflowandstorageofgoods,services,andrelatedinformationfromthepointoforigintothepointofconsumptioninordertomeetcustomers’requirement.美国物流管理协会修订了物流的定义：物流是供应链过程中的一部分，是以满足客户需要为目的的，为提高产品、服务和相关信息从起始点到消费点的流动储存效率和效益而对齐进行计划、执行和控制的过程。Inallpractice,logisticsreferstothesystematicmanagementofthevariousactivitiesrequiredfromthepointofproductiontothecustomer.总而言之，物流是指从生产地点到客户所需各种活动的系统管理。WhatisLogistics?TheimportanceofLogisticsDevelopmentofLogisticsManagementSincethebeginningofhumancivilization,therehasmove”ofthegoods,sobeenthe“weshouldsay,“logisticsisanythingbutanewbornbaby.”However,whenitcomestomodernlogistics,mostprofessionalsinthebusinessconsideritoneofthemostcompetitiveandexcitingjobs,invisibleasitis.“Logisticsisauniqueglobalpipeline(管道)thatoperates24hoursaday,sevendaysaweekand52weeksayear,planningandcoordinatingthetransportanddeliveryofproductsandservicetocustomerstheworldover.”WhatisLogistics?TheimportanceofLogisticsDevelopmentofLogisticsManagementLogisticsmanagementhasevolvedoverthelastthreedecadesfromthenarrowlydefineddistributionmanagementtotheintegratedmanagementandtotheglobalsupplychains.物流管理在最近30年中从狭义的配送管理至一体化管理，最后发展为全球供应链管理。物流配送管理阶段（thenarrowlydefineddistributionmanagement）：传统物流的作用领域以商品的销售作为主要对象，具体完成将生产的商品送交消费者的过程中所发生的各种活动，包括公司内部原材料的接收和保管，产成品的接收和保管，工厂或物流中心的运输等。一体化管理阶段（theintegratedmanagemen）：对从采购原材料开始到最后将产品送交顾客这一物流的全过程进行综合一体化管理供应链管理阶段（totheglobalsupplychains）围绕核心企业,通过对信息流,物流,资金流的控制,从采购原材料开始,制成中间产品及最终产品,最后由销售网络把产品送到消费者手中.它是将供应商,制造商,分销商,零售商,直到最终用户连成一个整体的功能网链模式.一条完整的供应链应包括供应商（supplier)、制造商、分销商、零售商(大卖场,百货商店,超市,专卖店,便利店和杂货店)以及消费者（consumer）。GettingGoodsMoving1.freight[freit]n.-goods,cargo货物vt.-transport,运输,装货于,Phrase:railwayfreight铁路运价；freightcar货车containerfreightstation(CFS)集装箱货运站Examples:Thisaircraftcompanydealswithfreightonly;ithasnotravelservice.这家航空公司只经营货运业务,不经营客业务。Wefreightedthegoodstothewarehousebytruck.我们用卡车把货物运到仓库。2.agency[’eidʒənsi]n.中介、代理、代理机构Phrase:anadvertisingagency广告代理anemploymentagency职业介绍所forwardingagency货代公司Examples:Intheeventofunforeseen（不可预测的）economicdevelopments,partsoftheagencycontractmaybechangedbymutualagreement.如有偶发的经济事件发生，本代理契约可经双方同意作部分的修改。3.order[’ɔ:də]n.订购,订货;订单vt.命令;指挥;定整理;安排;布置Phrase:economicorderquantity(EOQ)经济批量订货Electronicordersystem(EOS)电子订货系统Example:Thecompanyreceivedalargeorderforcomputers.这家公司接到一份要求大量供应电脑的订单.Themayororderedthatfreefoodbedistributed.市长命令发放免费食品。Pleaseordermeacopy.请给我定购一本。4.supplier[sə’plaɪə]n.-provider供应者；供货商；供货方Phrase:asupplierofvictuals食品供应商Examples:Igotanumberofsupplierstoquotemetheirbestprices.我有一些供应商给我开出最优惠价。Itisbesttodealdirectlywithforeignsuppliers.最好和外国供应商直接进行交易。5.furniture[’fə:nitʃə]n.家具,（可移动的）家具，设备Example:ThisoldFrenchtableisaveryvaluablepieceoffurniture.这张古老的法国餐桌是件很有价值的家具。6.transport[træns'pɔ:t]vt.运送,运输,搬运n.运输,运输工具Phrase:freighttransport货运transportchain运输体系Example:ThegoodswillbetransportedtoTokyobyair.货物将空运到东京。7.carrier[’kæriə]-afreightagentn.-afreightagent承运人，运输工具Examples:I‘msorry.Ifthecustomerrequestsacarrierotherthantruck,hemustbeartheadditionalcharge。很抱歉.如果顾客坚持用卡车以外的运输工具.就必须负担额外费用.“承运人”是指本人或者委托他人以本人名义与托运人订立海上货物运输合同的人。在货运合同中，承运人的责任一般说来主要是保证所运输的货物按时、安全地送达目的地。因此，承运人应对货物在运输过程中发生的货物灭失、短少、污染、损坏等负责。一旦发生此种情况,应按实际损失给予赔偿。这种损失必须发生在承运人的责任期间内。承运人的责任期间一般是从货物由托运人交付承运人时起,至货物由承运人交付收货人为止。法律有特别规定或当事人有特别约定的除外。在这段责任期间内,承运人应承担货物损失的责任。只有在损失是由于不可抗力、货物本身的自然性质或合理损耗、托运人或收货人的过错等原因造成的情况下,承运人才可以免责。8.collect[kə’lekt]v.-takedeliveryofgoods收货,收到Phrase:collecttaxes收税collectcall受话方付费电话Examples:Theairtransportcompanywillcollectpaymentonyourbehalffromtheconsigner（收货人）,againstdelivery.航空运输公司可以代你在交货时，向收货人收取货款。9.shipper[’ʃɪpə]n.货主，托运人Phrase:thirdpartyshipper第三方托运人Example:ShipperPartyispersonthatwillusethecontract.托运方为将会使用合同的人Mustbesignedbythecarrierandtheshipper.必须由承运人和托运人签署。10.deliver[di’livə]v-送货;传送;运输Phrase:deliversb.withthecar用车送某人Example:Frankly,I'mnotinterestedinexplanations.I'mmoreinterestedinbeingabletodelivergoodsontime.坦率地说.我对解释不感兴趣.我所感兴趣的是能不能按时交货.Pleasedeliverthegoodsatyourearliestconvenience.请尽早送货11.consignee[kənsai’ni:]n.-收货人,收件人Phrase:consigneedetailedaddress收件人的详细地址customsconsignee海关委托人namedconsignee指定的收货人Example:Theconsigneeshouldapplyimmediatelyforsurveytothesurveyingagentortheclaimsettlingagent.收货人应该立即向验货代理或理赔代理申请货物检验.12.forwardingagency货代公司ShanghaiPudongInternationalTransportationCo.,Ltd.isafirstclassf