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ICS79.120.01J65JB33801999木工平刨床安全WoodworkingmachinesSurfaceplaningmachineswithrotarycutterblockforonesidedressingSafety1999-10-08发布2000-03-01实施国家机械工业局发布JB33801999目录前言I···········································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································································1范围12引用标准13定义与术语14危险一览表25安全要求和/或措施46使用信息15附录A提示的附录防护装置的研究和设计指南17·················································································附录B标准的附录对刀具附加的要求21·································································································附录C提示的附录安全工作方法22········································································································附录D标准的附录机床的防护装置试验25·····························································································附录E标准的附录工作台唇板的抗力试验26·························································································附录F提示的附录机床噪声测定工作运转条件29··········································································JB33801999前言本标准是根据欧洲标准EN8591997木工机床安全木工平压刨床对JB338083的修订本标准的技术内容与EN859基本一致增加了机床空运转噪声声压级的限值的要求本标准与JB338083相比技术内容差异较大本标准自实施之日起代替JB338083本标准的附录B附录D和附录E都是标准的附录本标准的附录A附录C和附录F都是提示的附录本标准由全国木工机床与刀具标准化技术委员会提出本标准由福州木工机床研究所归口本标准负责起草单位福州木工机床研究所本标准主要起草人郑宗鉴郑莉本标准于1983年1月1日首次发布II中华人民共和国机械行业标准JB33801999木工平刨床安全WoodworkingmachinesSurfaceplaningmachineswithrotarycutterblockforonesidedressingSafety代替JB3380831范围本标准规定了木工平刨床以下简称机床的安全技术要求和检验方法本标准适用于本标准实施日期以后生产的机床2引用标准下列标准所包含的条文通过在本标准中引用而构成为本标准的条文本标准出版时所示版本均为有效所有标准都会被修订使用本标准的各方应探讨使用下列标准昀新版本的可能性GB/T6991999优质碳素结构钢GB/T37701983木工机床噪声声功率级的测定GB/T5226.11996工业机械电气设备第一部分通用技术条件GB/T92391988刚性转子平衡品质许用不平衡的确定GB125572000木工机床安全通则GB/T135691992木工平刨床精度GB/T147751993操纵器一般人类工效学要求GB/T153771994木工机床术语木工刨床GB/T153791994木工机床术语基本术语GB/T15706.11995机械安全基本概念与设计通则第1部分基本术语方法学GB/T15706.21995机械安全基本概念与设计通则第2部分技术原则与规范GB/T167551997机械安全安全标准的起草与表述规则JB/T33771992木工机用直刃刨刀JB/T57201991木工机床电气设备通用技术条件JB61131992木工机用刀具安全技术条件JB/T99531999木工机床噪声声压级测量方法3定义与术语3.1定义对本标准而言下列定义是适用的3.1.1木工平刨床见GB/T153771994中2.5.13.1.2刨刀体国家机械工业局1999-10-08批准2000-03-01实施1JB33801999见GB/T153771994中4.1.33.1.3刨刀轴见GB/T153771994中4.1.4刨刀轴也称刀具3.1.4手动进给见GB125572000中3.33.1.5可拆卸的机动进给装置见GB125572000中3.43.1.6抛射见GB125572000中3.103.1.7返弹见GB125572000中3.113.1.8起动时间见GB125572000中3.133.1.9惯性运转时间见GB125572000中3.143.1.10操作者位置操作者站着将工件向刀具进给的位置3.1.11保证书见GB125572000中3.153.2术语见GB/T15377和GB/T153794危险一览表危险一览表见表1涉及了本机床的所有危险对于重要的危险通过规定安全要求和/或措施或者通过指示恰当的B类标准对于不重要的危险例如一般的从属的或者次要的危险通过指示适当的A类标准特别是GB/T15706.1~15706.2这些危险是按照GB/T16755而提出的表1危险一览表序号危险符合本标准的条文1机械危险如由机器部件或工件的下列要素引起的形状相对位置质量和稳定性各零件的位能质量和速度各零件的动能机械强度不足由以下原因引起的位能积累弹性零件弹簧或压力下的液体或气体2JB33801999表1(续)序号危险符合本标准的条文1.11.21.31.41.51.61.71.81.91.101.111.12挤压危险剪切危险缠绕危险切割或切断危险引入或卷入危险冲击危险刺伤或扎伤危险摩擦或磨损危险高压流体喷射危险(机械或被加工的材料或工件)部件抛射危险(机械或机床的零件)不稳定与机械有关的滑倒倾倒跌倒危险5.2.75.2.75.2.75.2.75.2.7不适合不适合不适合不适合5.2.15.2.35.2.55.2.1不适合22.12.22.32.4电气危险诸如下列各因素引起的电接触(直接或间接)静电现象热辐射或其它现象如熔化粒子的喷射短路化学效应过载等电气设备外部影响5.3.4不适合不适合5.3.1233.13.2热危险由下列各因素引起通过人们可接触的火焰或爆炸热源辐射的烧伤和烫伤出于热或冷的工作环境对健康的影响不适合不适合44.14.2由噪声产生的危险导致听力损失等干扰语言通讯听觉信号等5.3.2不适合5由振动产生的危险不适合6由辐射产生的危险(例如离子辐射源)不适合77.17.27.3由机械加工的使用的或排出的材料和物质产生的危险例如由于接触或吸入有害的液体气体烟雾和灰尘导致的危险火或爆炸危险生物和微生物(病毒或细菌)5.3.35.3.1不适合88.18.28.38.48.58.6在设计时忽略人类工效学产生的危险机械与人的特征和能否匹配产生的例子不利于健康的姿态或过分用力不适当的考虑人的手/手臂或脚/腿构造忽略了使用个人防护装备不适当的工作面照明精神过分紧张或准备不足等人的差错5.1.25.3.55.2.66.3不适合不适合6.39各种危险的组合不适合1010.110.2由于能源故障机械零件损坏或其它功能故障产生的危险例如能源故障能量或控制电路机械零件或流体意外抛射5.1.8不适合3JB33801999表1(完)序号危险符合本标准的条文10.310.410.5控制系统的失效失灵意外起动意外过流装配错误机械翻倒意外失去稳定性5.1.15.1.96.35.2.11111.111.211.311.411.511.611.711.811.911.10由于防护措施中止短时的或防护措施设置错误产生的危险例如各类防护装置各类安全有关的防护装置起动装置和停机装置安全信号和信号装置各类信息和报警装置能源切断装置急停装置工件的进给/取出装置安全调整和/或维修的主要设备和附件气体等的排送设备5.2.65.2.7不适合5.1.26.16.26.26.35.3.16不适合不适合不适合5.3.35安全要求和/或措施机床的安全除应符合本标准的规定外还应符合GB12557GB/T15706.1和GB/T15706.2的规定通过设计减小风险的有关的指示按GB/T15706.21995中第3章5.1控制和指令装置5.1.1控制系统的安全性和可靠性对本标准而言有关安全控制系统包括从昀初的手动操纵器或位置开关到昀终的传动入口例如电动机系统本机床的有关安全控制部件包括起动见5.1.3正常停止见5.1.4制动如果需要见5.2.4这些控制应至少用被验证的元零件和原则予以设计和制造对本标准而言经验证的元件和原则是指a)下列电气的元件应符合相应国家标准和行业标准尤其是下列元器件用强制切断的控制开关其用于联锁的防护装置中作为机械操作的位置开关和用于控制电路上的开关用于主电路的电气机械接触器和电动机起动器橡胶绝缘导线通过布线例如机床床身内部附加抗机械损坏的防护的PVC导线b)在电的原则方面它是否符合GB/T5226.11996中9.4.2.1规定的前面四种措施电子元件另外规定不采用这项原则c)机械的零部件是否符合GB/T15706.21995中3.5的规定4JB33801999检验方法检查相应的图样和/或电路图在机床上检验符合相应标准的证明5.1.2操纵器的位置用于机床起动正常停止的主要电气控制操作件应是机床上工件的输入端离地高度一般不低于600mm的位置上工件输入端的悬挂式的操作面板其上表面一般不高于地面1700mm其前面与工件输入端工作台边缘