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宾语从句课时：3一、学习目标：1.专项复习宾语从句用法2.通过复习形宾语从句的构成及用法,达到灵活运用各种知识的能力3.通过自主合作,培养学生合作意识,团结协作精神.重点：宾语从句用法难点：宾语从句的时态二、复习过程：定义：宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)（一）、三座桥宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：1.以that引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导陈述句形式的宾语从句，that可以省略。如Weknew（that）weshouldlearnfromeachother.2.以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序如Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouhavebeentoAmerica.3.以连接代词which,what,who等或连接副词how,where,why等引导的宾语从句，从句是陈述语序如：CanyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestpostoffice?（二）、注意点1.引导词如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that（that在口语或非正式文体中常省略）；如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether；如果从句是特殊疑问句，引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。2.语序①陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid（that）hewasanhonestboy.②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：Doesheworkhard?Iwonder.→Iwonderif/whetherheworkshard.Whendidheleave?Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhenheleft.3.时态①如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：Ihaveheard（that）hewillcomebacknextweek.②如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。如：Hesaid（that）therewerenoclassesyesterday.注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound4.人称的变化和标点的使用1.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：“MayIuseyourknife?”Heaskedme.→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber?”Heaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.2.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：Whowillgiveusatalk?Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.Doyouknow?Wheredoeshelive?→Doyouknowwherehelives?（三）、两副面孔if和when既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。因此，遇到它们就要认真分析一下，它们究竟属于“两副面孔”的哪一副。如：Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwon’tcome.（时间状语从句）Idon’tknowifitwillraintomorrow.（宾语从句）（四）、从句的简化1.当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：Shefoundthatthewalletwaslyingontheground.→Shefoundthewalletlyingontheground.2.当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.3.在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如：CanyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?→Canyoutellmehowtogettothestation?注意：注意：一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外。1.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用ifeg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe’llgoonthepinic.2.引导词与动词不定式或not连用时，只用whether.eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?3.if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.eg,Youcan’tworktheplanoutifyoudon’thavethemeeting.三、课堂测评I.填入适当的引导词:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.→Iasked_______theystoppedontheway.2.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithme?Heasked.→Heasked_____theylikedtomakefriendswithhim.3.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.→Hesaid_____hewasdoinghishomework.4.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?→Couldyoutellme_____Icangettothestation?II.用所给词的适当形式填空（注意时态的使用）：1.Tomsaysthatthey_______(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.2.Ihearthey______________(return)italready.3.Hesaidthatthey______membersofthePartysince1948.(be)4.Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)5.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight______fasterthansound.(travel)6.Lingtoldmehe_________toBeijingseveraltimes.(be)III.合并为一句（注意句子的语序以及人称的变化）：1.“MayIuseyourknife？”Heaskedme._______________________2.“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber？”Heaskedme.__________3.“IsJimdoinghishomework?”Sheasked._____________________4.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked._______________________IV.链接中考：()1.---Doyouknow_______forShanghailastnight?----At9:00.A.whattimeheleavesB.whattimedoesheleaveC.whattimeheleftD.whattimedidheleave()2.Whileflying,abatmakesasoundwhichhitsthingsandcomesbacktoitsears.Inthiswayit’sabletoknow________thethingsareandavoidbumpingintothem.A.howB.whereC.whatD.which()3.----Excuseme,pleasetellme________.------Thereisasupermarketoverthere.Youcangetsomethere.A.howIcanfindasupermarket.B.wherethesupermarketisC.whereIcanbuysomefruit()4.---Doyouknow_________lastnight?---Sorry,Idon’tknow.ButIthinkheshouldgotobedearlybecausehewillhaveanEnglishexamthisafternoon.A.whenhegoestobedB.whenhewenttobedC.whendidhegotobed()5.--Sorry,Idon’tknowwhattheteachersaidjustnow.---HeaskedMaria__________.A.howlongsheusuallyspendsonherhomeworkB.whatshewasdoingthesedaysC.whydidn’tMikecometothemeetingyesterdayD.whenthespeechwillbegin()6.Ididn’tknow_____theycouldpasstheexamornot.A.whyB.whenC.thatD.whether()7.Heaskedme_______wecouldgotoBeijingtowatchthegamebyplane.A.thatB.ifC.howD.what8.“What’swrongwithyou?”Couldyoutellme?（合并成一句话）Couldyoutellme_____________wrongwithyou?9.“Willyougotothecinematomorrow?”sheaskedme.（改为宾语从句）Sheaskedme______I______gotothecinemathenextday.课堂反思：