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B91JB/T628819921992-06-101993-07-01I112131425569713814915A18B25JB/T6288199211–22.1terrain–machinesystem2.2terramechanics2.3off–roadlocomotion33.13.1.1terrain3.1.2terrainfeature3.1.3road3.1.4cross–countryterrain3.1.5slope3.1.6slopelength3.1.7terrainprofile–3.1.8surfaceirregularities3.1.9stateofterrain1992-06-10JB/T628819921993-07-01JB/T6288199223.1.10terraintrafficability3.1.11geometryperformanceofterrain3.23.2.1vehicleenvironment3.2.2environmentalfactor3.2.3environmentaleffect3.2.4obstacle3.2.5terrainobstacle3.2.6longitudinalobstacle3.2.7lateralobstacle3.2.8obstacleoutline3.2.9convexobstacle3.2.10pittedobstacle3.2.11vegetationobstacle44.1soiltype4.1.1sand0.05~2mm4.1.2siltyJB/T6288199230.005~0.05mm4.1.3clay0.005mm4.1.4cohesionlesssoil4.1.5cohesivesoil4.1.6coarse–grainedsoil0.1mm50%4.1.7fine–grainedsoil50%0.1mm4.1.8humus20%4.1.9peat4.24.2.1soilstrength4.2.2normalstress4.2.3shearstress4.2.4neutralstress4.2.5effectivestress4.2.6unconfinedcompressionstrength4.2.7shearstrength4.2.8contactpressure4.2.9coneindexJB/T6288199244.2.164.2.10specificresistance4.2.11cohesion4.2.12angleofinternalfriction4.2.13coefficientofinternalfriction4.2.14angleofexternalfriction4.2.15coefficientofexternalfriction4.2.16consistence4.2.94.34.3.1soilconsistancy4.3.2plasticity4.3.3limitwatercontent4.3.4plasticlimit4.3.5liquidlimit4.3.6plasticityindex4.3.7shrinkagelimit4.3.8stickylimit4.44.4.1compaction4.4.2consolidationJB/T6288199254.4.3creep4.4.4rheologicperformance4.4.5thixotropy4.4.6constantperformanceofsoil4.4.7instantaneousperformanceofsoil55.15.1.1vehicle5.1.2wheeledvehicle5.1.3vehicledrivenbyallwheels5.1.4off–roadvehicle5.1.5allterrainvehicle5.1.6trackedvehicle5.1.7semi–trackedvehicle5.1.8articulatedvehicles–5.1.9tractor5.1.10boattractorJB/T6288199265.1.11hillsidetractor5.1.12constructionmachinery5.1.13air–cushionvehicle5.1.14walkingmachine5.1.15floatingspiral–pushmachine5.25.2.1overalllength5.2.2overallwidth5.2.3overallheight5.2.4minimumgroundclearance5.2.5turningradius5.2.6grossweight5.2.7contactarea5.35.3.1sinkage5.3.2immobilization5.3.3bellying5.3.4internalmotionresistanceJB/T6288199275.3.5externalmotionresistance5.3.6totalmotionresistance5.45.4.1theoreticaltravelspeed5.4.2actualtravelspeed5.4.3maximumspeed5.4.4power–massratio5.4.5drawbarpull5.4.6tractiveeffort5.4.7drawbarpower5.4.8drawbarefficiency5.4.9drawbarcoefficient5.4.10self–propelledpoint–5.55.5.1stability5.5.2lateralstability5.5.3longitudinalstaticoverturningangle5.5.4longitudinalstaticskiddingangle5.5.5lateralstaticoverturningangleJB/T6288199285.5.6lateralstaticskiddingangle5.65.6.1trafficability5.6.2mobility5.6.3maneuverability5.6.4climbingperformance5.6.5obstaclecrossingperformance5.6.6maximumheightofsurmountableobstacle5.6.7maximumwidthoftrenchcrossing5.6.8softterrainperformance5.6.9floatingcapability5.6.10fordingdepth5.6.11swimmingcapability5.6.12reliability5.6.13durability5.6.14ridingcomfort5.6.15rideperformance5.6.16slipJB/T6288199295.6.17skid5.6.18vehicleconeindex66.16.1.1wheelbase6.1.2track6.1.3frontoverhang6.1.4rearoverhang6.1.5approachangle6.1.6departureangle6.1.7rampangle116.1.8weighttransfer6.1.9weightsprung6.1.10weightunsprung6.26.2.1diagonaltyreJB/T628819921090°6.2.2radialplytyre90°90°6.2.3lowsectiontyre0.70~0.886.2.4pneumatictyre6.2.5numberofplies6.2.6narrowbasetyre0.706.2.7widebasetyre0.806.2.8cordlesstyre6.2.9tyrewithadjustableinflationpressure6.2.10archedtire6.2.11terrapneumaticrollers6.2.12antiskidchains6.2.13tyreinflationpressure–6.2.14tyresectionheigth2JB/T628819921126.2.15tyresectionwidth26.2.16loadedtyrecarcasesectionheight26.2.17loadedtyrecarcasesectionwidth26.2.18tyredeflection26.2.19carcaseJB/T62881992126.2.20tyrecarcasedimaeter26.2.21tyrediameter26.2.22staticloadedradius6.2.23dynamicloadedradius6.2.24lug6.2.25luglength36.2.26lugwidth4346.2.27lugheight46.2.28lugbase46.2.29lugptich36.2.30perpendicularlugspace3JB/T62881992136.2.31lugangle36.36.3.1tyercontactwidth6.3.2tyrecontactlength6.3.3adhesionweight6.3.4coefficientoftraction77.17.1.1track7.1.2metaltrack7.1.3–rubber–metaltrack7.1.4spacedlinktrack7.1.5pneumatictrack7.1.6suspension7.27.2.1trackshoe7.2.2trackshoeface7.2.3grouser7.2.4trackgrouserheightJB/T62881992147.2.5trackgrouserspacing7.2.6trackpitch7.37.3.1trackadhesion7.3.2groundcontactpresureoftrack7.3.3groundcontactlengthoftrack7.3.4groundcontactwidthoftrack7.3.5tracktread88.18.1.1soiltools8.1.2simpletools8.1.3rotarytools8.1.4dynamictools8.1.5tillagetools8.1.6soilworkingsurfaces8.1.7leadingedge,cuttingedge8.1.8toolorientation8.1.9liftangleJB/T62881992158.1.10sideangle8.1.11tiltangle8.28.2.1soilcutting8.2.2soilloosening8.2.3scouring–8.2.4bulldozing8.2.5soilcasting8.2.6soilthrow8.2.7plowingdepthstability8.2.8plowingwidthstability8.2.9specificdraftofploughN/cm28.2.10penetratingdistance8.2.11normaltraction8.2.12deflectivetraction99.19.1.1indoortestJB/T62881992169.1.2outdoortest9.1.3performancetest9.1.4productivetest9.1.5checkexperiment9.1.6modeltest9.1.7analogoustest9.1.8continuousanalogtest9.1.9rapidtest9.1.10computedsimulationtest9.29.2.1in