I第四届“飞思卡尔”杯全国大学生智能汽车竞赛技技技技术术术术报报报报告告告告学校:电子科技大学队伍名称:成电飞扬参赛队员:丁锋锋聂勇卜大鹏带队老师:朱斌II关于技术报告和研究论文使用授权的说明本人完全了解第四届“飞思卡尔”杯全国大学生智能汽车邀请赛关保留、使用技术报告和研究论文的规定,即:参赛作品著作权归参赛者本人,比赛组委会和飞思卡尔半导体公司可以在相关主页上收录并公开参赛作品的设计方案、技术报告以及参赛模型车的视频、图像资料,并将相关内容编纂收录在组委会出版论文集中。参赛队员签名:带队教师签名:日期:III摘要本文详细介绍了我们队为第四屇Freescale智能汽车大赛而准备的智能车系统方案。该方案以Freescale公司的MC9S12XS128单片机作为系统的控制核心,采用CCD摄像头采集赛道信息,根据采集到的数据分析行驶路径以及对起跑线、三角区进行检测。采用PID算法对赛车的舵机和直流电机进行闭环控制,并根据跑道的弯曲程度采用不同的控制策略。在机械结构方面,通过对赛车前轮定位参数的优化,和对舵机输出力臂的改造,进一步提高了赛车的性能。在赛车的调试方面,通过采用无线蓝牙模块、拨码开关、LED状态指示灯等,大大方便了算法调试和加快了调试进度。经过实际测试,整个赛车系统能在规定的跑道上高速稳定地行驶。在文中将介绍系统的整体方案,具体模块的软硬件设计,机械改造,以及调试等内容。关键词:智能车、寻线、起始线、S12单片机、图像采集、PID、路径拟合ABSTRACTABSTRACTABSTRACTABSTRACTInthispaperwewilldemonstratethesmartcarsystemschemeforthefourthnationalsmartcarcontest.Basedonmicrocontrollers,MC9S12XS128,ascontrolunit,thesmartcarsystemruninthespecifiedroadswiftlyandsteady.CCDimage-sensor,areappliedtoobtainlaneimageinformation.Thenbaseontheinformationfromthesensor,obtaininganoptimizedbycertainalgorithmandtheinformationofStartlaneandtrigonum.PIDfeedbackalgorithmisappliedtocontroltheangleandspeed.Intheprocessofdebugging,weadoptthewirelessserialport,theinputswitchandthedenotingLED,whichmadetheprogramdebuggingeasierandmoreeffectual.Inanotherhand,byoptimizingtheparameterofthemachineofsystem,thesmartcarhasanexcellenceperform.Inthelaterarticle,wewilldemonstratethesystemscheme,themodulesofsysteminhardwareandsoftwareandthechangeinmachineryofcar.Keyword:IntelligentCar,SearchLane,Startlane,S12Microcontroller,ImageSampling,PID,LaneStrategyIV目录第一章引言............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................11111.1背景介绍......................................................................................................................................11.2文献综述.........................................................................................................................................41.3本文结构.........................................................................................................................................5第二章系统方案....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................66662.1总体策略........................................................................................................................................62.2系统设计方案.................................................................................................................................62.2.1路径检测总体方案................................................................................................................62.2.2速度控制总体方案................................................................................................................72.2.3转向控制................................................................................................................................72.3本章小结........................................................................................................................................8第三章机械结构的系统设计与实现............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................99993.1车模安装与机械结构改造.............................................................................................................93.1.1车模安装................................................................................................................................93.1.2机械结构调整......................................................................................................................103.2电路板的安装..............................................................................................................................133.3传感器的安装..............................................................................................................................143.3.1摄像头的安装....................................................................................................................143