数字化---一种基于本体的数字转换知识模型(IJITCS-V10-N12-1)

I.J.InformationTechnologyandComputerScience,2018,12,1-12PublishedOnlineDecember2018inMECS()DOI:10.5815/ijitcs.2018.12.01Copyright©2018MECSI.J.InformationTechnologyandComputerScience,2018,12,1-12Onto-Digital:AnOntology-BasedModelforDigitalTransformation’sKnowledgeFadwaZaoui11MohammedVUniversity,EMI-SIWEBTeam,Rabat,MoroccoE-mail:[e-mail]1,22EcoleNationaleSupérieuredesMinesdeRabat,ComputerScienceDepartment,Rabat,MoroccoE-mail:[e-mail]:10July2018;Accepted:22September2018;Published:08December2018Abstract—Thedigitaltransformationofthecompanyisaconditionforthesocio-economicdevelopment.DealingwithICTintegrationintheenterprise,thepaper’saimistheidentificationofthedigitaltransformationconceptualcomponents,requiredfordesigningaknowledgemodel.Todothis,aliteraturereviewisestablishedtoidentifythedimensions,andtheirinterrelations,toconsiderintheconstructionofamodel,andwhichledtoanontology-drivenmodelfordigitaltransformation’sknowledge.Incomparisonwithothermodelsproposedintheliterature,thisontologyisexhaustiveintermsofknowledge,adaptabletoanysectorofactivityandscalableintermsofdimensionsandrelationshipscomposingit.IndexTerms—Ontology,Dimensions,Knowledge,Model,DigitalTransformation,ICTIntegration.I.INTRODUCTIONThelatestreportsondigitaltransformation[1]highlightanexponentialtrendofcompaniesdigitalization.Itconcernsmorespecificallytheindustrialenterprisewiththeindustry4.0concept.Thelevelofdigitizationoftheindustrialenterprisebeingof33%in2016,studiesaffirmthatin2yearsthislevelwillincreaseby39%arrivingto72%in2020.Thedigitaltransformationisthereforethecornerstoneofanybusinessdevelopmentstrategy.Itisattherootofasocio-economictransformation,achievedbythemassiveadoptionofICTtogenerate,processandshareinformation[2].Intheenterprisecontext,digitaltransformationistheintegrationofICTin;thevaluechain,thesupplyandaccesstotheproductsandservicesprovidedbythecompany.Thereflectiononthedigitaltransformationcanbeorganizedonthreemainaxes,whichthefollowingquestionsexpress:Whytodigitizeacompany?Whatarethedimensionstoconsiderwhendigitizingacompany?Andhowtodigitizeacompany?Numerouspapershaveexaminedthewhyofthedigitalizationofthecompany,mainlysupportingthestrongsocio-economicimpactofthedigitaltransformation,ofwhich[3,4].Asfortheremainingquestions,ofwhatandhowofdigitalizeacompany,andbecauseoftheurgencyandtheneedtofollowthecompaniesdigitaltransformationimpulse,thispaperproposestolookintothesetwoquestionsinordertoproposeaknowledgemodelthatrepresentsallthedimensionsrelatedtodigitaltransformation.Aliteraturereviewallowedidentifyingthedifferentpathsofdigitaltransformation,throughICTintegrationmodels.Infact,variousprototypesareproposedinthestudiedpapers,mostofthemareadjustedtoaparticularsector.Fromthesemodelsinventory,wehavebeenabletoidentifythemainpillarsofthedigitaltransformation,andalsodetectakindofcomplementaritybetweenthesemodels,insofaraseachofthesemodelstacklesthedigitaltransformationwithaspecificvision.Precisely,thereflectiononthistransformationisoftenestablishedaccordingtoadistinctnailofsightanddelimitedbythenatureoftheactivity,whichisnotoflessimportance.However,itisnecessarytoconsiderthedigitaltransformation,outsidesectorallimitations,asaneconomicdevelopmentmodelbyidentifyingalltheconceptualcomponentsthatcandirectlyorindirectlyimpactdigitalization,andthustostudythepossibilitiesofdesigningadigitaltransformationknowledgemodel.Inthispaper,wehavereliedontheanalysisoftheexistingliteraturedealingwithdigitaltransformation,whetherinagenericway,orofthethreemainbranchofactivity,namelyeducation,healthandindustryinordertobuildadigitaltransformationknowledgemodeladaptabletotheactivityareatargetedbydigitalization.Theproposedmodelisbasedonanontologyrepresentingtheknowledgeofdigitaltransformation,inordertoguideICTintegrationinthecompany.Thisontology,adjustabletoanyactivityarea,includesthefundamentalpillarsofdigitalization.Theopportunityofthisontology,incomparisonwithotherapproachesofdigitaltransformationmodels,istheexhaustivenessoftheconceptualcomponentscomposing2Onto-Digital:AnOntology-BasedModelforDigitalTransformation’sKnowledgeCopyright©2018MECSI.J.InformationTechnologyandComputerScience,2018,12,1-12it.Thisiswhatsupportsitsgenericcharacterandextendsitsexploitationpossibilities.Targetingthedesignofadigitaltransformationknowledgemodel,thispaperisorganizedinto7sections.Thesecondsectiondealswiththeliteraturereview.Thethird,isaboutbuildingmethodologyoftheknowledgemodeltopreparetheidentificationofdigitalization’sknowledgeofthefourthsectionandtheconstructionofthedigitaltransformationknowledgemodelintroducedinthefifthsection.Thesixthandseventhsectionpresentstheresearchsynthesis,conclusionandperspectivesofthiswork.II.LITERATUREREVIEWInordertodevoteagenericreflectionondigitaltransformationknowledgemodel,wereliedonaliteraturereview,targetingICTintegrationmodelsindifferentsectorsofactivity,andmotivatedbythehereafterresearchquestion;whatarethedigitaltransformationmodelsproposedbytheliterature?Themode