基于SISO技术的数字化环境下4G网络吞吐量的性能分析(IJITCS-V5-N7-9)

I.J.InformationTechnologyandComputerScience,2013,07,71-79PublishedOnlineJune2013inMECS()DOI:10.5815/ijitcs.2013.07.09Copyright©2013MECSI.J.InformationTechnologyandComputerScience,2013,07,71-79PerformanceAnalysisonThroughputin4GNetworkinDigitalEnvironmentwithSISOTechniqueMissNausratJahanAhmedSikkimManipalInstituteofTechnology,Sikkim,IndiaE-mail:[e-mail]nstituteofTechnology,Sikkim,IndiaE-mail:[e-mail]InstituteofTechnology,Sikkim,IndiaE-mail:[e-mail]kkimManipalInstituteofTechnology,Sikkim,IndiaE-mail:[e-mail]—Thedevelopmentofthe4GortheLongTermEvolution(LTE)isworkingataveryfastpace.The4Gsysteminventionhadveryhighprospectiveandgoalscomparedto3G.Itwasalreadythoughtthatthesystemshouldbemorecompetitiveandsecurebased.EverywirelessconnectionwouldbeIPoriented.4GisonitsphaseinimprovingtheQualityofService(QOS).Thispapershowsthecomparisonofthethroughputdeliveredbythedifferentmodulationtechniqueswhichhavebeenproposedtobeused.AlsocomparisonhasbeenmadewiththedifferentExtendedChannelModels.FiguresandgraphshavebeenputforwardtoshowtheperformancebythethroughputdeliveredindigitalenvironmentandRFtechnology.IndexTerms—LTE,EPA,EVA,ETU,RBsI.IntroductionThefirststandardinventedtoaccessthewirelessmediumwasthe1Gtechnology.Thisisalsocalledthe1stgenerationtechnology.Thiswassolelybasedonanalogtechnologyforitscommunications.Thismeansthatthetransmittedsignalswereanalogradiosignals.OnesignificantexampleistheAMPS.Thencamethe2Gstandardswheretheradiosignalsweredigital.Theshortmessagingtextservice(SMS)wasalsostartedwiththe2G.Thistechnologywasintroducedadecadeafterthe1Gtechnology.TDMAandCDMAtechnologieswereused.ButthebandwidthofCDMAusagewasnotverywide.Securitycontrolsandroamingfacilitiesalsoshowedasignificantsuccess.Examplesof2GtechnologyaretheGSMandthePDC.The2.5GenerationtechnologywhichincludedHSCSP,GPRSandtheEDGEincludedsomeadvancedfeaturesthanthe2G.Thedemandforimprovementledtothelaunchofthe3Gtelecommunications.Therewasasignificantimprovementinthestandardswhen3Gwaslaunched.ItisalsotheInternationalMobileTelecommunications-2000(IMT-2000).The3GspecificationsaretheobjectiveswhichrelatedtotheprincipleslaiddownintheInternationalTelecommunicationsUnion(ITU).Theworkson3Gwasalreadystartedinearly1992.Ithadmanyadditionalfeatureswhichwereabsentin1Gand2Gstandards.Thistechnologywascompletelydifferentandhadvastdifferenceswithitspredecessors.Themostcompetitivefeatureof3Gcomparedtotheotherexistingstandardswasitisbackwardscompatiblewiththepre-existingones.Thisevolutionprovidedwithmobileinternetfacilities,videoconferencing,playingonlineinternetgames,livemusicanddigitaltelevisions.AlsotheCDMArangewasbroadenedandthistechnologycouldbeusedglobally.TheUMTS,CDMA-2000,WCDMAandtheTD-SCDMAstandardsfallunderthe3Gtechnology.TheLTEtechnologyisactuallyaprojectunderthe3rdGenerationPartnershipProject(3GPP).TheworkforthisprojecthadalreadystartedinNovember2004.ButtheprimaryworkwasconcernedwiththeUniversalMobileTelecommunicationSystems(3GPP).72PerformanceAnalysisonThroughputin4GNetworkinDigitalEnvironmentwithSISOTechniqueCopyright©2013MECSI.J.InformationTechnologyandComputerScience,2013,07,71-79EnhancingtheUMTSandthe3GPP‟sRAN(RandomAccessNetwork)werethemainobjectivesatthatphaseoftime.HavingagreateramountofthroughputinDownlinkaswellasUplinkwasoneofthemaintargets.SomeofthefactorswhichwerenecessarytoconsiderwiththeworksrelatedtoLTEreleasewere:BetterQualityofService(QOS).UserFriendlywithlowcomplexitymechanism.Technologyshouldbeavailabletoallareaswithreasonablylowercostsothateverybodycanhavethecapabilitytoaffordit.HighdataratesLeastinterferenceanddisturbancesinthenetwork.Maintainingthecontinuityof3G.Fading[1]isatermthatiscloselyrelatedtonetworking.Fadingisdefinedasadisturbancethatcauseshindrancetothesignalssentinthewirelessmedium.Fadingmakesasignalsufferdeviationwhenitistransmittedinamedium.Fadingisdifferentfordifferentcases.Fadingmayshowdifferentbehaviorwithrespecttoitsmedium.Theircharacterizationsvarywiththekindofradiofrequency,bandwidth,geographicalterrainandthemediumitself.Thereallifescenarioofthefadingenvironmentisshownbelowwithsomeobstaclesthatcausetheattenuation:Fig.1:FadingscenarioforsmallscalefadinginrealworldSmallscalefadingmaybecauseduetomultiplefactors.Someofthecommonreasonswhichcausefadingare:Multipathpropagation[2]DopplerShiftNoiseDelayPhaseshiftShadowingThefadingwhichiscausedbymultipathistermed„MultipathInducedFading‟whilethatcausedbyshadowingiscalled„ShadowFading‟.Thefadingconsideredforthesimulationcomparisonisdoneforsmallscalefadingscenarios.Thepaperaimsinanalyzingthecomparisonshownbythedifferenttypesofmodulationschemesinthefadingenvironment.Here,thecomparisonhasbeendonewiththeperformancesdeliveredintheRFanddigitalbackground.TheperformanceanalysishasbeendonetakingthespecificationsofLTEwithitsnewfeaturesaccordingtothe3GPPspecifications.Section2ofthepapergivesanoverviewaboutwhatfadingis.Descriptio