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英语阅读（十一）AWhenLaurareachedschool-goingagethediscussionsaboutmovingbecamemoreurgent(紧迫的).Herfatherdidnotwantthechildrentogotoschoolwiththevillagechildrenandforoncehermotheragreedwithhim.Notbecause,ashesaid,theyoughttohaveabettereducationthantheycouldgetatLarkRise;butbecauseshefearedtheywouldteartheirclothesandcatchcoldandgetdirtyheadsgoingamileandahalftoandfromtheschoolinthevillage.SoemptycottagesinthemarkettownwereexaminedandoftenitseemedthatthenextweekorthenextmonththeywouldbeleavingLarkRiseforever;butagaineachtimesomethingwouldhapeentopreventtheremoval,andgraduallyanewideacameup.Togaintime,theirfatherwouldteachthetwoeldestchildrentoreadandwrite,sothat,ifaskedbytheSchoolAttendanceOffice,theirmothercouldsaytheywereleavingthesmallvillageshortly,andinthemeantime,werebeingtaughtathome.SotheirfatherbroughthometwocopiesofMavor’sFirstReaderandtaughtthemthealphabet;butjustasLaurawasbeginningonwordsofonesyllable(音节),hewassentawaytoworkonadistantjob,onlycominghomeatweekends.Laura,leftatthec-a-ts-i-t-sonthem-a-t’sstage,thenhadtocarryherbookroundafterhermotherasshewentaboutherhousework,asking,“Please,Mother,whatdoesh-o-u-s-espell?”or“W-a-l-k,Mother,whatisthat?”Oftenwhenhermotherwastoobusyortootiredtoattendtoher,shewouldsitandfixhereyesonapagethatmightaswellhavebeenprintedinHebrew(希伯来语)forallshecouldmakeofit,frowning(锁眉)andstudyingtheprintasthoughshewouldmakeoutthemeaningbyforceofconcentration(专注).Afterweeksofthis,therecameadaywhen,quitesuddenly,asitseemedtoher,theprintedcharacterstookonameaning.Therewerestillmanywords,eveninthefirstpageofthatsimplebook,shecouldnotunderstand;butshecouldjumpthoseandyetmakesenseofthewhole.“I’mreading!”shecriedaloud.“Oh,Mother!Oh,Edmund!I’mreading!”1.Laura’sfatherdidn’twanthischildrentogotoschoolatLarkRisebecause______.A.itwastoofarawayB.theycouldn’tlearnenoughC.theirhairwouldbecomedirtyD.theywouldruintheirclothes2.Thechildren’sfatherdecidedtoteachthemtoreadandwritesothatthey_______.A.hadanexcusenottohavetomoveB.hadareasonfornotattendingschoolC.couldwritetotheSchoolAttendanceOfficeD.wouldbeeducatedbeforetheyleftthevillage3.Theunderlinedpart“leftatthec-a-ts-i-t-sonthem-a-t’stage”suggeststhat_____.A.LaurawasworkinghardandlearningquicklyB.herfatherhadnotimetoteachherC.hermotherwastoobusytoattendtoherD.Lauraknewlittleabouthowtoreadandwrite4.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat_______madeLaurastareatapageinherbook.A.herlackofconcentrationB.herinabilitytounderstandC.herneedtounderstandHebrewD.herdeterminationtounderstand5.Laurafinallydiscoveredshecouldreadwhenshe_________.A.understoodthemainideaB.understoodallthewordsinherbookC.recognizedtheprintedcharactersD.jumpedthefirstpagesofherbookBIn1826,aFrenchmannamedNiepceneededpicturesforhisbusiness.Buthewasnotagoodartist.Soheinventedaverysimplecamera.Heputitinawindowofhishouseandtookapictureofhisyard.Thatwasthefirstphotograph.Thenextimportantdateinthehistoryofphotographywas1837.Thatyear,Daguerre,anotherFrench,tookapictureofhisstudio.Heusedanewkindofcameraandadifferentprocess.Inhispictures,youcouldseeeverythingveryclearly,eventhesmallestdetails.Thiskindofphotographwascalledadaguerreotype.Soon,otherpeoplebegantouseDaguerre’sprocess.Travelersbroughtbackdaguerreotypesfromallaroundtheworld.Peoplephotographedfamousbuildings,citiesandmountains.Inabout1840,theprocesswasimproved.Thenphotographerscouldtakepicturesofpeopleandmovingthings.Theprocesswasnotsimple.Thephotographershadtocarrylotsoffilmsandprocessingequipment.Butthisdidnotstopthephotographers,especiallyintheUnitedStates.After1840sdaguerreotypeartistswerepopularinmostcities.MathewBradywasawell-knownAmericanphotographer.Hetookmanypicturesoffamouspeople.Thepictureswereunusualbecausetheywereverylife-likeandfullofpersonality.Bradywasalsothefirstpersontotakepicturesofawas.His1862CivilWarpicturesshoweddeadsoldiersandruinedcities.Theymadethewarseemmorerealandmoreterrible.Inthe1880s,newinventionsbegantochangephotography.Photographerscouldbuyfilmsready-madeinrolls.Sotheydidnothavetomakethefilmthemselves.Also,theydidnothavetoprocessthefilmimmediately.Theycouldbringitbacktotheirstudiosanddevelopitlater,meaningthattheydidnothavetocarrylotsofequipment.Andfinally,theinventionofthesmallhandheldcameramadephotographylessexpensive.Withthesmallcamera,anyonecouldbeaphotographer.Peoplebegantousecamerasjustforfun.Theytookpicturesoftheirfamilies,friendsandfavoriteplaces.Theycalledthesepictures“snapshot”.Photographsbecameverypopularinnewspapersinthe1890s.Soonmagazinesandbooksalsouseddocumentaryphotographs.Thesepicturesshowedtrueeventsandpeople.Theyweremuchmorerealthandrawing.Photographyalsoturnedintoaformofartbytheendofthe19thcentury.Somephotographswerenotjustcopiesoftherealworld.Theyshowedideasandfeelings.Likeotherartforms.6.Thepassageismainlyabout___________.A.theinventionofcamerasB.akindofnewart-photographyC.thedevelopmentofphotographyD.theimportantdatesinthehistoryofphotography7.Thefirstpicturesofawarweretakenby__________.A.aFrenchphotographerinthe1840sB.anAmericanphotographerinthe1860sC.aGermanreporterinthe1880sD.aFrenchartistin