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第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。ANobodylikeshomeeconomics(家政学).Butrestoringtheprogramcouldhelpusinthefightingagainstobesityandchronicdiseasestoday.Thehomeeconomicsmovementwasfoundedonthebeliefthathouseworkandfoodpreparationwereimportantsubjectsthatshouldbestudiedscientifically.Thefirstclassesoccurredintheagriculturalandtechnicalcollegesthatwerebuiltinthe1860s.Whenmostdepartmentsofuniversitiesrejectedwomen,homeeconomicswasabackdoorintohighereducation.Indeed,intheearly20thcentury,homeeconomicswasaserioussubject.Whenfewpeopleunderstoodgerm(微生物)theoryandalmostnoonehadheardofvitamins,homeeconomicsclassesofferedvitalinformationaboutwashinghandsregularly,eatingfruitsandvegetablesandnotfeedingcoffeetobabies.However,todaywerememberonlythefixedideasabouthomeeconomics,forgettingthemovement’smostimportantlessonsonhealthyeatingandcooking.ToomanyAmericanssimplydon’tknowhowtocook.Ourdiets,consistingofhighlyprocessedfoodsmadecheaplyoutsidethehome,havecontributedtomanyserioushealthproblems.Inthelastdecade,manycitiesandstateshavetriedtotaxjunkfoodheavilyortobantheuseoffoodstampstobuysoda.Clearly,manypeoplearedoubtfulaboutanygovernmentalstepstopromotehealthyeating.Butwhatifthegovernmentputthetoolsofobesitypreventioninthehandsofchildrenthemselvesbyteachingthemhowtocook?MyfirstexperiencewithhomeeconomicshappenedtwodecadesagowhenIwasaseventhgraderinaNorthCarolinapublicschool.Ayearlater,myfather’sjobtookourfamilytoWales,whereIattendedalargeschoolforafewmonths.ItwasthefirsttimeIhadeverreallycookedanything.Irememberthatitwasfun,andwithaninstructorstandingby,itwasn’thard.ThoselessonsstuckwithmewhenIfirststartedcookingformyhusbandandmyselfaftercollegeandtheywilldo.TeachingcookinginpublicschoolscanhelpsolvesomeproblemsfacingAmericanstoday.Thehistoryofhomeeconomicsshowsit’spossible.1.Homeeconomics______.A.isasubjectbecomingmoreandmorepopularwithAmericansB.isoftenusedtohelpfightagainstobesityandchronicdiseasesC.onceofferedwomenaspecialapproachtouniversityeducationD.wasfirsttaughtintheagriculturalandtechnicalcollegesintheearly1900s2.Thethirdparagraphmainlytellsus______.A.theimportanceofregularhandwashingB.thehealthbenefitsoffruitsandvegetablesC.thecontentsofhomeeconomicsclassesintheearly20thcenturyD.thesignificanceofteachinghomeeconomicsintheearly20thcentury3.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.HerfamilymovedfrequentlyinherchildhoodB.Cookingclasseshaveafar-reachinginfluenceonherlaterlife.C.Toreceiveabettereducation,shewenttoalargeschoolinWalesD.TeachingcookingisthekeytosolvingAmericans’healthproblemsBSelf-esteemisallabouthowmuchwefeelvalued,loved,acceptedandthoughtwellofbyothersandhowmuchwevalue,loveandacceptourselves.Peoplewithhealthyself-esteemareabletodobetterinschoolandfinditeasiertomakefriends.Theytendtohavebetterrelationshipswithothers,feelhappier,finditeasiertodealwithmistakesandfailures,andmorelikelytosticktosomethinguntiltheysucceed.Peoplewithlowself-esteemoftenfeelasifnoonewilllikethemoracceptthemorthattheydon’tdowellinanything.Thefollowingwaysmayhelpyouimproveyourself-esteem.Trytostopthinkingnegativethoughtsaboutyourself.Ifyou’reusedtofocusingonyourshortcomings,startthinkingaboutpositiveaspectsofyourselfthatoverweighthem.Itisgoodtoaimhigh,butyourgoalsforyourselfshouldbewithinreach.That’swhyyoushouldsetpracticalgoalsandneverexpecttheimpossible.Mistakesarepartoflearning,soviewmistakesaslearningopportunities.Acceptthatyoumakemistakesbecauseeveryonedoes.Also,youshouldrecognizewhatyoucanchangeandwhatyoucan’t.Ifyourealizethatyou’reunhappywithsomethingaboutyourselfthatyoucanchange,starttoday.Ifit’ssomethingyoucan’tchange(likeyourheight),starttoworktowardlovingyourselfthewayyouare.Feelinglikeyou’remakingadifferenceandthatyourhelpisvaluedcandowonderstoimproveyourself-esteem.Sodon’thesitatetomakeacontribution.Youcanlendahandtoaclassmatewho’shavingtrouble,helpcleanupyourneighborhoodorvolunteertodosomeotherthings.Self-esteemplaysaroleinalmosteverythingyoudo.Ittakessomework,butit’saskillyou’llhaveforlife.4.Thepassageismainlyabout______.A.whatself-esteemmeansB.whatpeoplewithhowself-esteemarelikeC.howpeopleimprovetheirself-esteemD.whatpeoplewithhealthyself-esteemarelike5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.A.theoldtendtohavehealthierself-esteemthantheyoungB.weshouldbuildhealthy,positiveself-esteemwhenyoungC.therearemorepeoplewithlowself-esteemD.itisnoteasytobuildhealthyself-esteem6.Theunderlinedword“them”inParagraph3refersto______.A.yourstrongpointsB.yourweaknessesandfaultsC.youraimsandgoalsD.yourclassmatesCEarlythismonth,theObamaAdministrationcalledforincreasedprotectionoftheworld’smostsoutherncontinent,Antarctica.ScientistssayclimatechangeandhumanactivityhaveincreasinglyledtothemeltingofmassivepiecesofAntarcticice.Thedisappearanceoficewillnotonlyaffectwildlifeintheareasuchassealsandpenguins.Themeltingwillalsocauseoceansandseasaroundtheworldtorise.Thisrepresentsamajorthreat,especiallytocoastalareas.Forexample,theancientcityofVenice,Italyhaslongbeenthreatenedbyrisingsealevels.Thesituationism