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Unit15Thenecklace●目标导引Ⅰ.单词及短语recognize,jewelry,continue,marry,worth,callon,atmost,bringback,fallasleep,payoff,besides,tryonⅡ.语法：情态动词(3)must,can/could,may/might的用法●内容精讲Ⅰ.单词及短语精讲1.recognizev.(1)识别，认出=knowandremembersb.orsth.onehasseenbefore,强调从外表上辨认出，指一时性的动作。know是状态性动词，表示知道有这个人并认识他,在一定程度上还对他有所了解，指长久性的一种情况。e.g.Iknowhim,butwhenIsawhimlastnight,Icouldhardlyrecognizehim.我认识他，但当我昨晚看到他时，我几乎认不出他了。Irecognizedhisvoiceoverthephone.我在电话里听出他的声音了。注意:不能说Irecognizedhimtenyearsago.或Iknewhimtenyearsago.而要说Igottoknowhimtenyearsago.我是十年前开始认识他的。(2)承认，认可=acceptasbeinglawful,real,orhavingvaluee.g.Theyrecognizedthenewgovernment.他们承认了那个新政府。That'sarecognizedmethodofteachingEnglish.那是一种得到认可的英语教学法。(3)意识到，自认=beready/preparedtoadmit，后接that从句。e.g.Aftertheaccident,herecognizedthathewasnotfitforthework.事故发生后，他认识到不能胜任这项工作。IclearlyrecognizedfromthatmatterthathewasfarclevererthanIwas.从那件事上我清楚地认识到他要比我聪明得多。2.jewelryn.珠宝，珠宝类，集合名词，不可数，作主语时谓语动词用单数。jeweln.珠宝，首饰，可数e.g.apieceofjewelry一件珠宝somejewels几件珠宝Webuyjewelryfromajeweller'sshop.我们在珠宝店买珠宝。Thejewelswerekeptinthesafe.首饰在保险柜里。3.continuev.继续(1)continuetodosth./continuedoingsth.e.g.Theycontinuedtowalk/walkinguntiltheyreachedthetown.他们不停地走，一直走到镇上。Howlongwillyoucontinueworking/towork?你将继续工作多久？(2)continuewithsth.=goonwithsth.e.g.Hecontinuedwithhisstory.他继续讲故事。Althoughthestudentslistenedattentively,shedidn'tcontinuewithherexplanation.尽管学生们注意地听，但她没有继续解释下去。(3)作不及物动词e.g.Thehotweathercontinuedforamonth.炎热的天气持续了一个月。Thenoisecontinueduntiltheteacherappeared.吵闹声一直持续到老师出现才停下来。(4)作系动词，相当于remaine.g.Thewholeclasscontinuedsilent.全班继续保持沉默。Thesummercontinuedhotanddry.这个夏天一直炎热干燥。4.marryv.与……结婚，娶，嫁(1)作不及物动词e.g.Thescientistdidn'tmarryuntilforty.那位科学家到四十岁才结婚。Hemarriedyoung.他早婚。(2)作及物动词，需要宾语e.g.AlicemarriedaFrenchman.爱丽丝嫁给了一个法国人。JohnisgoingtomarryHelen.约翰要娶海伦。(3)marry和getmarried都是非延续性动词，强调动作，因此不能与表示一段时间的状语连用；表示结婚已有一段时间应该用bemarried强调状态。e.g.IsJackmarried?杰克结婚了吗？HegotmarriedtoMarylastyear.他去年和玛丽结婚。Theyhavebeenmarriedfortenyears.他们结婚十年了。5.worthadj.值得，值(多少钱)(1)(be)worth+n./doingsth.e.g.Thenecklaceisworth300dollars.这条项链值300美元。Themuseumisworthavisit/visiting.那个博物馆值得一看。Hissuggestionisworthconsideration/considering.他的建议值得考虑。Don'tlockthedoor;itisn'tworthit.别锁门了，不值得锁。注意：表示“很值得”时前面加well修饰。e.g.Thearticleiswellworthreading.那篇文章很值得一读。(2)worthless=valueless毫无价值invaluable=priceless非常贵重，无价之宝比较：worthyadj.值得，(be)worthyof+n./do/beingdone,(be)worthyto/bedone。e.g.Themuseumisworthyofbeingvisited/tobevisited.Hissuggestionisworthyofbeingconsidered/tobeconsidered.6.at(the)most最多，至多，反义词是at(the)least至少，最少e.g.Icanpayonly20poundsatthemost.我最多只能付20英镑。Sheisatmost30yearsold.她最多30岁。Therepairswillcostatleast100dollars.修理费至少要100美元。Thisisworth500yuanattheleast.这个至少500元。7.comeupwith提出e.g.Foryearshekeptcomingupwithnewandgoodideas.几年来他不断地提出新的、好的想法。Scientistswillhavetocomeupwithnewmethodsofincreasingtheworld'sfoodsupply.科学家们将不得不提出新方法来增加世界的粮食供给。比较：comeupto达到(愿望，标准等)，赶(比)得上e.g.Yourworkdoesn'tcomeuptowhatIexpectofyou.你的工作没有达到我的期望。Hisworkdidn'tcomeuptothatofhisbrother.他的工作赶不上他哥哥的。comeupfor参加(竞选)e.g.MayorJonescomesupforelectionthisfall.琼斯市长参加今年秋天的竞选。comeupagainst遭到(困难，反对等)，和……相抵触e.g.Notforthefirsttimeshewillcomeupagainstherhusband'sopinions.她将不止一次遭到丈夫的反对。Ⅱ.句子精讲8.Thethreefriendshavegonetobedandaretryingtofallasleepwhensuddenly…三个朋友已经上床正要睡觉，这时候突然……(1)fall系动词，后接形容词，表示从一种状态进入另一种状态。e.g.Thechildfellasleepinhermother'sarms.孩子在妈妈怀里睡着了。Hehasfallenillandisnowinhospital.他病了，现在正在住院。Whydidshesuddenlyfallsilentatthemeeting?她为什么在会上突然变得沉默了？Wehavefallenshortofoil.我们的油不够了。(2)asleepadj.睡着了,是表语形容词，只能作表语或宾语补足语。e.g.Thebabyisfast/soundasleep.=Thebabyisindeepsleep.婴儿正在熟睡。Hefell/droppedasleepassoonashegotintobed.他刚上床就睡着了。TheteacherfoundTomasleepinclassandkepthimbehindafterschool.老师发现汤姆在课上睡着了，放学后把他留了下来。比较：sleepy困了，想睡了e.g.I'msleepyandI'dliketogotobed.我想睡了，我得休息了。sleeping正在睡觉e.g.Theywokeupthesleepinggirlandaskedherwhereherparentswere.他们叫醒那个正在睡觉的女孩，问她父母在哪里。9.But,justthisonce.Afterall,thisballisveryimportant.不过，就只这一次。(1)justthisonce是个简单分句，其本身就是一个相对完整的语言单位。前文中也有类似的简单分句：Yearsofhardwork,verylittlefood,onlyasmallcoldroomtoliveinandneveramoment'srest.这个简单分句是由四个名词词组构成的。(2)afterall①在句首，“要知道……”“别忘了……”,表示说话人对别人的态度，用来说服或提醒对方，引出听话人似乎忘记了某个重要的论点或理由。e.g.Marydidn'tpasstheexam,butafterallshehaddoneherbest.玛丽考试没及格，但她毕竟努力了。Ithinkweshouldlethergowithherboyfriend.Afterall,she'sabiggirlnow.我觉得我们应该让她和她的男朋友一起去，毕竟她现在是个大姑娘了。It'snotsurprisingyou'retired.Afterall,youwereupuntiltwelvelastnight.感到疲劳并不奇怪，别忘了，你昨晚12点才睡。②在句尾，“虽然有前面说过的话”“和预期的情况相反”，表示说话人意思的转折，意为“虽然……,但毕竟……”e.g.IdidpromiseIwouldlendyoumoney,butI'msorryIcan'tmanageafterall.我确实答应过借给你钱，但实在对不起，我现在实在无能为力。IthoughtIwasgoingtofailtheexam,butIpasseditafterall.我原以为我会不及格，没想到我还是及格了。Althoughtheymetwithdifficulties,Ihearthatthey'vesucceededafterall.他们虽然遇到了困难，但我听说他们终究还是成功了。比较：inall总共e.g.Howmanypeoplewerethereinallattheparty?出席聚会的共有多少人？atall用于否定句，“根本不”，加强语气。e.g.Hewasn'tatalltired.他根本不累。aboveall首先，最重要的e.g.Ateacher,aboveall,shouldknowhowtodealwiththeproblemstakingplaceinclasscorrectly.一个教师首先应知道怎样处理课堂上发生的问题。10.SoIcalledonyouandaskedifIcouldborrowsomejewellery.因此我去拜访了你，问问你是否能借给我一些珠宝。callon=