研究仿真涡流缓速器的神经模糊控制策略(ijeme-v1-n6-10)

I.J.EducationandManagementEngineering2011,6,63-69PublishedOnlineDecember2011inMECS()DOI:10.5815/ijeme.2011.06.10Availableonlineat①YuMingjina,*1,QiuXuyuna,*2,ZhangLiangxiua,*3,HuangYongbaAutomotiveDepartment,ShandongJiaotongUniversity,Jinan,ChinabCollegeofMechanicalEngineering,ChongaingUniversity,Chongqing,ChinaAbstractAsimulationmodelofeddycurrentretarderisdesigned,including1/4vehiclemodel,eddycurrentretardermodel,tiremodel.BasedonthePIDandneuro-fuzzycontroltechnique,twokindsofcontrolalgorithmonconstantspeedcontrolheavytruckaredesigned.Onthebuiltsimulationsystem,thecontrolalgorithmissimulatedandtest.Theresultsshowthattheneuro-fuzzycontrollercanimplementhighprecisionandstrongrobustcontroleffectsoncontrolofeddycurrentretardersystem.IndexTerms:EddyCurrentRetarder;HeavyTruckModel;Neuro-fuzzyControl©2011PublishedbyMECSPublisher.Selectionand/orpeerreviewunderresponsibilityoftheInternationalConferenceonE-BusinessSystemandEducationTechnology1.IntroductionEddyCurrentRetarder(ECR)isadevicethattransferskineticenergygeneratingbyvehicleintothermalenergywhichwillemitafterwards.Basedonelectromagnetictheory,ECRcanrealizedecelerationandretardation.Itcankeepthemainbrakeremaininginthecoolingstateinordertoworkeffectivelyinemergencies.Theuseofretardercansignificantlyreducethewearofthemainbrake,extendlifeexpectancyto4-10timestheoriginal,whichwillgreatlyreduceoperatingcosts,improvetheusabilityofvehicle.Mostofthecurrently-existingretarderadoptshierarchicalcontrolrelays[1],sothebrakingtorquegeneratedishierarchicalandnotcontinuous.Thusthebrakingtorquegenerateddiffersfromtheactualdemands,hardtomeetthebrakingrequirements[2].Inthispapertheneuro-fuzzycontroltechniqueisutilizedtodevelopanewsteplessretardercontrolmethod.Aretarderandvehiclemodelisbuilttosimulatetheprocess.Theresultshowsthattheneuro-fuzzycontrolmethodcanachievebettereddycurrentretardersteplesscontrolandmakevehiclesgodownhillsmoothlyataconstantspeed,andhavestrongrobustnessandadaptability.①Fundaid:WesternTransportConstructionandTechnologyplanprojects(2009318000072),ShandongprovincetrafficDepartmentproject(2008Y024(6)),ShandongJiaotongUniversityResearchFundproject(z201006).Correspondingauthor:E-mailaddress:*[e-mail];*[e-mail];*[e-mail]64ResearchonSimulationofNeuro-fuzzyControlStrategyofEddyCurrentRetarder2.SimulationModelofECR2.1.VehicleModelAccordingtotherequirementofsimulation,a1/4vehiclekinematicmodelinrampwayisbuilt,androllingresistanceisneglectedduringbraking.Assumingthevehiclegoesstraight,withoutconsideringtheproblemoftirelateralforce,thelongitudinaldynamicsequationis:wfijFFFF(1)WherejFisvehicledecelerationresistance,iFisslidingforce,fFisadhesion,wFisairresistance.Fig.1.SinglewheeltruckmodelinrampwayVehicledecelerationresistance,slidingpower,traction,airresistancecanbecalculatedbythefollowingformula:vMFj(2)MgFf(3)15.212adwAvCF(4)sinMgFi(5)ResearchonSimulationofNeuro-fuzzyControlStrategyofEddyCurrentRetarder65Whereistheadhesioncoefficientbetweenthewheelsandtheground,whichisafunctionoftireslipratio,)(sf.dCisairresistancecoefficient.visvehiclespeed.isangularvelocityforthewheels.isrampangle.Misthevehiclequality.Tiremodelunderstressofheavytruckinbraking:rFTJfb(6)WhereJistherotationalinertiaofthewheels,istheangulardecelerationofthewheels,fFisrollingresistance,bTisthebrakingtorqueeffectedonthewheels,ristheradiusofthewheels.0iTTb(7)Tistheretarderbrakingtorque,0iisthedriveratioofthefinalreducerintransmission.2.2.ThedynamicmodelofECRBrakingtorqueisthemainstandardmeasuredofeddycurrentretarder.However,it’saverydifficulttasktoaccuratlycalculatethebrakingtorque.Itsinstitutionalstructureisnotverycomplicated,butthebrakingtorqueisaffectedbymanyfactors.Currently,thecalculateofeddycurrentretarderbrakingtorqueadoptamethodofcombiningsimplifyingandtestingcalculation.Inthispaper,onthebasisofaccesstoreference[3],theformulaofcalculatingofeddycurrentretarderbrakingtorquecanbeexpressedasfollows:423201)()(290dNINTp(8)22002)42216)(2arcsin(dklRdTrelr(9)21TTT(10)Whereekisconversioncoefficient,whichusually5.1ek.isresistivityofdisk，m7105.1.isconductivityofdisk.0isthevacuumpermeability,mH/10470.Nistheexcitationcoilturns,taken320.risrelativepermeabilityofdisk,lowcarbonsteelisusuallytaken200.isangularfrequencyforthemagneticfield.pNisthepolepairs.lisairgap,taken1.4mm.66ResearchonSimulationofNeuro-fuzzyControlStrategyofEddyCurrentRetarder050010001500200002004006008001000braketorque(N.m)rotationspeed(r/min)Fig.2.BraketorqueofECRmodeldiscorediameter,mmd5.101.260pNn.2.3.TireModelTiremodeladoptsthemagicformulatocalculatethetirelateralforceandaligningtorque,themagicformulaisshownasfollows:))))arctan((arctan(sin()(BxBxEBxCDxY(11)WhereYcanbethelongitudinalforce,whichcanalsobealateralforceoraligningtorque,etc.thevariablesXcanexpressthelongitudinalsliprateorslipangleofthetire,respectively,underdif