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:2003-05-14:(70271034):(1943-),,,,.E2mail:ww-bing@163.com,,,(,200092):(EKMS),EKMS,,EKMS,EKMS,(EKM).:;;;;:F270.7:A:0253-374X(2004)06-0811-06StrategicMatchingAnalysisbetweenFlexibilityofEnterpriseKnowledgeManagementSystemandEnvironmentLIUZhong2ying,WUBing,XUDe2hua,ZHANGXin2wu(SchoolofEconomicsandManagement,TongjiUniversity,Shanghai200092,China)Abstract:Basedonanalyzingtheuncertaintyoftheenvironmentofenterpriseknowledgemanagementsystem(EKMS),theuncertaintyoftheenvironmentofEKMSismeasured.Andthroughthepropermatchingmodel,theflexibilityofEKMScanbecomparedwiththeuncertaintyoftheenvironment,sothattheflexibleconfigurationforEKMSismarkedoutandtheflexibleenterpriseknowledgemanage2ment(EKM)strategycanbeimplemented.Keywords:enterpriseknowledgemanagementsystem;uncertaintyofenvironment;matchingmodel;flexibleconfiguration;strategyofenterpriseknowledgemanagement(enterpriseknowledgeman2agementsystem,EKMS),.,,1[1].(),EKMS.,,(enterpriseknowledgemanage2ment,EKM).,EKM.60[2],.Carlsson[3],.Avsion[4],,.,EKM32620046()JOURNALOFTONGJIUNIVERSITY(NATURALSCIENCE)Vol.32No.6Jun.2004©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.:EKM,EKMS,EKMEKMS.1Fig.1SystemarchitectureofEKMSEKM,EKMS[5].,EKM,EKMS,,EKMS.,EKM,.1EKMS,2:(probabilistic),;(cognitive),.:.,Dess[6]:.,,.,.,.,[7],..[8].,,.,,.1.1EKMSThompson(1967):.,.Child(1972),.,.Mintzberg(1979)Child,.,.Mintaberg.(hostility).,EKMS3:(complexity),;(dynamisminstability),;(resourceavailabili2ty),.1.2EKMS:,,,;,.,,.EKMS:,,;,,,.,EKMS.,,[9].,EKMS.218()32©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.2EKMSEKMS.,EKMSEKM,EKM,EKMS,EKMS,.2.1EKMS,EKMS,.,EKMS,.(1),,.,,EKMS,1.,,.1EKMSTab.1MetricsforuncertaintyofEKMSenvironmentC(C1)(C2)(C3)(C4),,S(S1)(S2)(S3)(S4)(S5)D(D1)(D2)(D3)(D4)1C=4i=1Ciw1i(1)S=5i=1Siw2i(2)D=4i=1Diw3i(3)EU=C,S,Dw41,w42,w43T(4)(4)EU,(1)(4)w.(2)EU,C,S,D,,,,.,,.,,(:1;:0.75;:0.5;:0.25;:0),.(3)C,S,D,,,..,[10],3:(DDM),,,,,;(AHP),AHP,;(CCM),CCM.CCM,,,CCM3186,:©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.C,S,D.2.2EKMS2.2.1EKMS-,EKMS:(knowledgemanagementstrategyinformationsystem,KMSIS)..Evans[11],.:(temporal),,;,.Golden[2]:(range),,;,,.,EKMS,2[12],EKMSF={T,R},TREKMS.2EKMSFig.2MeasurementindexarchitectureforwholeflexibilityofEKMSbasedonanalytichierarchyprocess(AHP)2SF=2i=1SFiw1i(5)CF=2i=1CFiw2i(6)OF=2i=1OFiw3i(7)HF=2i=1HFiw4i(8)IF=2i=1IFiw5i(9)F=[SF,CF,OF,HF,IF][w61,w62,w63,w64,w65]T(10)(10)FEKMS,(5)(10)w..2.2.21,EKMSE={C,S,D}.2.2.3[9]Fit=f(F,E),EKMS.,f,3.3EKMSFig.3ModelformatchingbetweentheflexibitityofEKMSandknowledgeenvironment2.2.4,EKMS,,EKMSEKMS,[13]:(1)|T-D|/D10%,EKMS,TD,,,,;418()32©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.TD,EKMS,,.(2)|R-C|/C10%,EKMS,RC,,,.RC,,.(3)|R-S|/S10%,EKMS,RS,,.RS,,,.2.2.5(1)X2.2,C=0.61,S=0.55,D=0.70.2XTab.2ComputinguncertaintyofenvironmentinXfirmC0.350.10.30.30.3(C1)(C2)(C3)(C4)0.500.880.750.250.61S0.300.20.20.20.20.2(S1)(S2)(S3)(S4)(S5)0.380.630.750.250.750.55D0.350.30.30.10.3(D1)(D2)(D3)(D4)0.630.630.630.880.700.62(2)XEKMSXT=0.55,R=0.50..|T-D|/D=(0.70-0.55)/0.70=21%10%.DT,,EKMS..|R-C|/C=(0.61-0.50)/0.61=18%10%.CR,EKMS.EKMS(0.13)KMSIS..|R-S|/S=(0.55-0.50)/0.55=9%10%..2.2.6EKMSEKMS,,EKMS,EKMS,EKMS,EKMS.EKMS:SEKMS,E,F.EKMS,D.,P(s,e)EKMS.:s1s2s1F.s2,e1,e2E,e2D.e1,P(s1,e2)-P(s1,e1)P(s2,e2)-P(s2,e1)(11)1s1,s2Se1,e2E,s1s2s1F.s2,e2e1,e2D.e1,P(s1,e2)+P(s2,e1)P(s2,e2)+P(s1,e1)(12)2F.S,e1,e2E,e2D.e1,s(e2)F.s(e1)(13)s(e1)e1,s(e2)e2.5186,:©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.3D.E,s1,s2S,s1F.s2,e(s1)D.e(s2)(14)(14)[13],e(s1)s1,e(s2)s2.3,:,,EKMS;,;..3EKMS,,,,,.,.,EKMS,,EKMS,,,EKMS.,EKM,EKM.,EKMS,EKM.,EKMS:EKMS,EKMS,,.:[1],,.[J].,2002,25(11):107-110.[2]GoldenW.Towardsadefinitionofflexibility:Insearchoftheholygrail?[J].OMEGA,2000,28(4):373-384.[3]CarlssonB.Fleibilityandthetheoryofthefirm[J].IntJIndOrg,1989,7(2):179-203.[4]AvisonDE,PowellPL,KeenJ,etal.Addressingtheneedforflexibilityininformationsystems[J].JMgmtSyst,1995,7(2):43-60.[5],.[J].,2002,23(9):89-92.[6]DessGG.Conceptualizingandmeasuringtheorganizationenvi2ronments:Acritiqueandsuggestions[J].JournalofManage2ment,1991,17(4):701-710.[7]DuttonJE.Categorizingstrategicissues:Linkstoorganizationalaction[J].AcademyofManagementReview,1987,12(1):76-90.[8]EasterbyOSmithM.Organizationallearning:Debatespast,presentandfuture[J].JournalofManagementStudies,2000,37(6):783-784.[9]GerloffEA.Threecomponentsofperceivedenvironmentalun2certainty:Anexploratoryanalysisoftheeffectsofaggregation[J].JournalofManagement,1991,17(4):749-768.[10].[M].:,1998.[11]EvansJS.Strategicflexibilityforhightechnologymaneuvers:Aconceptualframework[J].JournalofManagementStudies,1991,28(1):56-68.[12].[R].:,2002.[13]deGrooteX.Theflexibilityofproductionprocesses:Ageneralframework[J].ManagementScience,1994,40(7):933-945.(:)20041,(CEPS).,CEPS,.,.CEPS:www.ceps.com.tw.618()32©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.