六年级周末英语1小学英语名词讲解及练习一、名词的概念:名词时某个人或物的名称,或是某类人或物的抽象名称。如:studentdeskchairwatermilk…二、名词的分类:名词分为普通名词和专有名词两大类。名词在句子中作主语,宾语或表语等。1.普通名词普通名词是某类人、事件、物体和抽象概念的名称。根据所指代物体的特征,普通名词又可分为以下四类:A.个体名词:表示人或物体中可以数清的单个体。如:student(学生)、pen(钢笔)、bird(鸟)等。B.集体名词:(即集合名词)表示由个体组成的集合体。如:people(人民)、police(警察)、family(家庭)等C.物质名词:表示构成物体物质的不可数名词,或表示无法分为个体的物质的名词。如:water(水)、air(空气)、wood(木头)等。D.抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、情感等非具体化的抽象概念。如:work(工作)、peace(和平)、love(爱)等。2.专有名词:专有名词是某些人、事物、机构、组织等特有的名称。主要包括:人名、地名、国名、党派名称等。如:Churchill(丘吉尔)、六年级周末英语2Tokyo(东京)、China(中国)等。三、可数名词和不可数名词。1、可数名词:一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。例如:abook,twobooks,astudent,threestudents,afamily,manyfamilies。名词单数变复数变化如下:1.词尾直接加S如:cat——catsbag——bagsday——days2.以S,SH,CH,X结尾的词加es如:class——classesmatch——matchesbox-----boxesdish----dishes3.以辅音加y结尾的词变y为i,加es.元音加y结尾的词直接加s,如:party----partiescity----citiesstory----storiesboy----toysmonkey-----monkeyskey----keys等.4.以f或fe结尾的词,变f或fe为v,加es,如:wife----wiveshalf----halves注意特殊情况直接加“S”,要逐个记chiefs,handkerchiefs,roofs.5.以辅音加o结尾的词常有生命的一般加es如:tomatoes,potatoes,heroes.无生命的一般加s.如:radios,zoos,pianos,photos名词的复数并不规则变化:单复数同形:sheep-----sheepfish----fishdeer----deerpeople-----people特殊变化:man-men,woman-women,tooth---teeth,goose---geese,foot---feet,child--children,mouse-mice2、不可数名词不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词(air,water等)及抽象名词(advice,hate)等。所以它通常只有单数形式。如:English,air,water,cotton,work…不可数名词表示数量时,可以用量词来表达(量词有复数形式)其结构是数词+量词六年级周末英语3+of+名词。如:abottleofwater,twocupsoftea,threepiecesofpaper注意事项:1.不可数名词没有复数变化,不能用A,AN,但可用THE,或不用冠词,如:breadistheusualbreakfast.2.虽然不可数名词没有复数变化,但量词超过一时要加复数。如:threecupsofcoffee,fivebottlesofwater3.有量词修饰时注意名词是否可数,不可数时用单数,可数时用复数,如:tenbagsofrice----tenbasketsofeggs名词所有格一、表示有生命物的名词的所有格1.单数名词词尾加’s,复数名词如果词尾没有s,也要加’s。theboy'sbag男孩的书包Mike'sknife迈克的刀子thechildren'sroom孩子们的房间men'sroom男厕所2.若名词已有复数词尾s,只加’thestudents'bags学生们的书包theteachers'reading-room教师阅览室3.表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人的名字后加's。如表示各自所有,则需在各个名字后加's。如:ThisisTomandJason'sroom.这是汤姆和杰森共有的房间。TheseareTom'sandJason'srooms.这些是汤姆和杰森各自的房间。二、.表示无生命物的名词所有格1、如果名词是无生命的,我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。thewindowsofthehouse房间的窗户thetitleofthesong歌的名字thepictureofthefamily家庭照片2、在表示名词所有格时,'s结构可以转换成of结构。thegirl'sname→thenameofthegirl女孩的名字myfather'sfriend→thefriendofmyfather's我父亲的朋友六年级周末英语43、有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词,也可以加's来构成所有格。Beijing'sstreet北京的街道today'snewspaper今天的报纸tenminutes'walk十分钟的路程名词练习一圈出下列单词中的不可数名词peachinkwaterzoosistercoffeeknifesnowiceteaorangefridgejeeprainwindcarteachermusicearcolawatermeloncherry一.写出下列名词的复数形式1.watch__________2.class__________3.shelf__________4.dog__________5.dish__________6.child__________7.nurse__________8.desk__________9.boy__________10.baby__________11.tooth_________12.eye__________13.sheep_________14.tomato_______15.library_________16.goose_________17.photo________18.telephone_________二.填入所给名词的适当形式1.Wehavethree________(pen).2.Thisisan__________(apple).六年级周末英语53.Whereisthe__________(pencil)?4.Thereisalittle__________inthebottle(juice).5.Areyoua__________(driver)?Yes,Iam.6.Thereareafew__________(watch)onthedesk.7.Many__________(shelf)areinourschoollibrary.8.Hehassome__________(ink).9.The__________(girl)inredisMary.10.Howmany__________(people)arethereinyourfamily?Three.三.单项选择题()1.Thereis__________onthetable.A.PlateB.aplateC.plates()2.Icanseemany__________inthegarden.A.flowersB.aflowerC.flowers()3.The_____onthehillsareallwhite.A.sheepB.sheepsC.dog()4.Thesenew_____areforyou.A.skirtB.shoeC.shirts()5.Theclockhasthree______A.legsB.legC.faces()6.Theyarenotinthesame_______.A.classB.classesC.familys()7.Isthisyour_____?A.akeyB.keysC.key()8.Theyarehaving_____.A.aclassB.EnglishclassC.Chineseclass()9.Therearesomany_____inthehall.A.peoplesB.peopleC.apeople()10.The_____hassomenicepictures.A.boysB.teachersC.child()11.The_____aredancingattheparty.六年级周末英语6A.womanB.womenC.man()12.The_____areinRoom408.A.studentB.astudentC.students()13.Who’sthat_____?She’smymother.A.manB.womanC.women()14.The_____arecatchingthethief.A.policemanB.policemenC.policemans()15.Therearenew_____inmyschoolbag.A.knifeB.knifesC.knives()16._____jacketisit?Maybeit’s_____.A.Who’s;TomsB.What;Tom’sC.Whose;Tom’s()17.Thebooksarethe_____.A.teachers’B.teachersC.teacher()18.Therearealotofchildrenintheparkon_____Day.A.childrenB.Children’sC.Childrens’()19.Isitthetwins’bedroom?Yes,itis.It’s_____bedroom.A.AnnandAnna’sB.Ann’sandAnna’sC.AnnandAnna()20.Thatis_____dog.A.Tom’sB.TomsC.Tom()21._____coatsareverypretty.A.JimandTim’sB.Jim’sandTim’sC.JimandTim()22.Theyaregoingtotheir_____homefordinner.A.unclesB.uncleC.uncle’s()23.Thebigroomis_____.A.thetwin’sB.twins’C.thetwins’()24.March8this_____.A.Woman’sDayB.Womans’DayC.Women’sDay四.阅读理解Lookatthepictureonthewall.It’sapictureofMr.Green’sfamily.TheoldmanisJim六年级周末英语7Green.HeisMr.Green’sfather.Mr.Greenisaworker.Hiswife,HelenGreen,isadoctor.Theyhavetwodaughters.TheyareLucyandLily.Theyaretwins.LucyandLilyhaveacousin,Jeff.Jeff’sparentslovethemallverymuch.()1.TheoldmanisLucyandLily’s__________.A.fatherB.cousinC.uncleD.grandfather()2.TheGreenshavetwo__________.A.brothersB.sistersC.sonsD.daughters()3.Lucyhas__________.A.afriendB.asisterC.abroth