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1一般过去时1.表过去发生的事情或存在的状态egSuddenly,thecloudsclearedandtherainstopped.2.表过去经常发生的事情egIwasverythininmychildhood.3.带有确定的过去的时间状语egDidyoumeetyesterday?Heleftjustnow.Weoftenplayedtogetherwhenwewerechildren.我们小时候常在一起玩。Heusedtosmokealot,buthedoesn’tnow.他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。Wheneverwewereintrouble,hewouldhelpus.每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。Hesaidhewouldwaituntiltheycameback.常和一般过去时连用的过去时间状语有：lastnight(week,month,year,century,etc.),yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,yesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening),in1999,twohoursago(oneweekago,treeyearsago,…)等等。使用一般过去时，在某种意义上说就是要强调动作或状态发生或存在于过去的某个时候。过去的时间概念有两层意思：一是指现在某个时间以前的时间；二是指说话、写文章的那个时间点以前的时间，注意：用于某些特殊结构中表示现在：It’stimewestarted.我们该动身了。IwishIknewhisname.要是我知道他的名字就好了。I’dratheryoulivedclosertous.我希望你能住得离我们近点。【注】该用法主要用于it’stime,Iwish,I’drather,ifonly,asif,asthough等少数结构后接从句的情形，其中有些结构后面的句子还可用一般过去时表示将来：I’dratheryoucamenextMonday.我宁愿你下周星期一来。另外表主观想法的虚拟条件句也用一般过去时表示现在：IfIhadthemoneynowI’dbuyacar.假若我现在有钱，我就买辆小汽车。过去进行时1、表示在过去某时刻正在进行的动作egAtthismomentyesterday,Iwaspackingforcamp.WhenIcametoseeherlasttime,shewaswritinganarticle.Whatwereyoudoingateightlastnight?2.用于故事的开头，交代故事发生的背景情况egOnenight,hewastypinginhisstudy.Suddenly,amanbroke…主要表示在过去的某个时间点上正在发生、进行的动作。由于它的定义是表示在过去的某个时间点上正在发生、进行的动作，所以，句子常带有一个表示“过去某个时间点”的状语。这个状语可能是短语，词组，或是一个从句。也可能是通过上下文来表达这层意思。3)（仅限少数动词）表示在过去的未来时间要发生的动作。例如：ShetoldmethatshewasgoingtoHainanforherholiday.她告诉我她将去海南度假。过去完成时1、发生在“过去的过去”2egWhenIwokeup,ithadstoppedraining.ShesaidshehadneverbeentoParis.2.与一个表示过去的时间状语连用egWhenthepolicearrived,thethieveshadrunaway.Peterhadcollectedmorethan300Chinesestampsby2014.3.在过去某时之前开始一直延续到这一时间egBytheendoflastyear,hehadworkedinthefactoryfortwentyyears.Bythetimehewastwelve,Edisonhadbeguntomakealivingbyhimself注意：过去完成时的判断依据[特殊用法]：过去完成时可表示过去未曾实现的想法和打算，通常连用的动词是want,think,hope,plan,mean,expect,intend,suppose等：Ihadmeanttocome,butsomethinghappened.我本想来，但有事就没有来。Ihadintendedtospeak,buttimedidnotpermit.我本想发言，但时间不允许。Wehadhopedthatyouwouldcometoseeus,butyoudidn’t.我们本想你来看我们的，但你没有来。过去完成时与一般过去时的区别虽然这两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点：1.时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调过去的过去；而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间。试比较：Theyhadarrivedatthestationbytenyesterday.Theyarrivedatthestationattenyesterday.2.在没有明确的过去时间状语作标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断：先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的则用一般过去时。如：Shewasveryhappy.Herwholefamilywerepleasedwithher,too.Shehadjustwonthefirstinthecompositioncompetition.3.当两个或两个以上接连发生的动作用and或but连接时，按时间顺序，只需用一般过去时来代替过去完成时；另外，在before，after，assoonas引导的从句中，由于这些连词本身已经表示出时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时。如：Heenteredtheroom,turnedonthelightandreadaneveningpaper.I(had)calledherbeforeIlefttheoffice.巩固练习：一、用动词的适当形式填空。1.We_____________(paint)thehousebeforewe______________(move)in.2.Thatricholdman_____________(make)awillbeforehe_____________(die).3.They_____________(study)themapofthecountrybeforethey________(leave).4.Therobbers_____________(runaway)beforethepolicemen_______(arrive).5.I__________(turnoff)allthelightsbeforeI____________(go)tobed.6.Paul__________(go)outwithJaneafterhe__________(make)aphonecall.7.Tom__________(say)he___________(read)thebooktwice.8.Ourplan____________(fail)becausewe_____________(make)abadmistake.39.Whenthechairman______________(finish)speaking,she_____________(leave)thehall.10.TheReads________(have)lunchwhenI________________(get)totheirhouse.11.WhenI______________(arrive)atthestation,he____________________(leave).12..We_______________(learn)about4000Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.13.She__________(notwant)tostayinbedwhiletheothers________________(all,work)inthefields.14.Weweresurprisedatwhatshe________already______(do)15.She____________(notgo)toQingdaobecauseshe________________(go)therebefore.16.Hesaidhe______________(nottell)youthenewsyet.17.Hesaidhe_____________already_________(give)thebooktotheteacher.18.I______________(be)toShanghaibeforetheWorldExpo.19.Shetoldmeshe_________________(be)toSanyathreetimes.20.She_____________(play)theguitarwhilehersister_______________(sing).二、1．Heaskedme_____duringthesummerholidays.A.whereIhadbeenB.whereIhadgoneC.wherehadIbeenD.wherehadIgone2.What____Jane____bythetimehewassever?A.did,doB.has,doneCdid,did.D.had,done3.I______900EnglishwordsbythetimeIwasten。A.learnedB.waslearningC.hadlearnedD.learnt4.She______livedherefor______yearsbeforeshemarriedMike.A.had,afewB.has,severalC.had,alotD.has,agreatdealof5.Bythetimemyparentsreachedhomeyesterday,I_____thedinneralready.AhadcookedB.cookedC.havecookedD.wascooked6.Shesaidshe__________theprinciplealreadyA.hasseenB.sawC.willseeD.hadseen7.Shesaidherfamily_______themselves______thearmyduringthewar.A.hashidden,fromB.hadhidden,fromC.hashidden,withD.hadhidden,with8.Bythetimehewastenyearsold,he_________.A.hascompleteduniversityB.hascompletedtheuniversityB.hadcompletedanuniversityD.hadcompleteduniversity9.Mybrother___whilehe___hisbicycleandhurthimself.A.fell,wasridingB.fell,wereridingC.hadfallen,rodeD.hadfallen,wasriding10.He_____toplay____beforehewas11yearsold.Ahadlearned,pianoB.hadlearned,thepianoC.haslearned,thepianoD.learns,piano.三、高考真题1.(安徽2007)Theybecamefriendsagainthatday.Untilthen,they____toeachotherfornearlytwoyears.A.didn’tspeakB.hadn’tspokenC.haven