搜索
RobotsUnit2WarmingUpArobotisbasicallyacomputer-controlledmachinethatisprogrammedtomove,manipulate(操纵)objects,andaccomplishworkforushumanbeings.Itisabletoperformrepetitivetasksmorequickly,cheaply,andaccuratelythanhumans.Whatisarobot?Haveyoueverplayedwithrobottoys?Doyouwanttoplaywiththerealrobots?Guesswhattheserobotsaredoing.PlayingfootballRiding/CyclingPlayingmusicDancingwhatcanrobotslooklike?SpiderDinosaurDragonflySnakeMantis(螳螂)螳螂HumansHugearmDiscussionRobotsPlaywithhumansDoresearchTalkwithhumansDothehouseworkAndsoon…TakecareofchildrenActasapoliceman/asellerDosomeshoppingWhatcanarobotdo?SayhellotopeopleTalkwithpeopleDomesticrobots家用机器人Therobotwhichcanmowthelawn(除草机器人)TherobotwhichcandancewithmenTherobotwhichcandorescueworkTherobotwhichcanbeusedtoexplorespaceTherobotwhichisusedtofindthelandmines(地雷)MilitaryrobotsCleantheplaneDothelabourworkLeadthewayPlaysportsNowadaysrobotscanbemadeintovariousshapesforvarioususes.Whatkindsofworkarerobotsusuallyusedfor?Robotsaremadetoperformdifferenttasks.Manyofthemareusedfortasksthatareeitherdangerousorunpleasantforushumanbeings.Inothercases,robotsareusedinrepetitive,orboringtasksinwhichhumanperformancemightdegrade(降低价值)overtime.Robotscanperformtheserepetitive,high-precisionoperations24hoursadaywithoutfatigue.WhyuseRobots?Therearemanybenefitstousingrobotsinsteadofhumans.Thegoodthingaboutrobotsisthattheywillnevergetbored,andtheywilldothingsmoreefficientlythanpeople.Also,robotsnevergetsick,orneedtorest.Theywillneverneedtimeoff,orlunchbreaks.Sometimes,whenataskistoodangerousordifficultforahuman,arobotwillbeabletodoitwithoutanyrisksorproblems.Whywestudyrobots?SearchenginesLaborScienceMedicine/DiagnosisAppliancesWhatelse?诊断Let’slookatsomemoviepostersbelowwhichareaboutrobots.Doyouknowthenamesofthesemovies?I,Robot机械公敌Terminator终结者EdwardScissorhands剪刀手爱德华TheMatrix骇客帝国AI-ArtificialIntelligence人工智能Robots机器人历险记Doraemon机器猫Doyouknowwhoheis?What’stherelationshipbetweenIsaacAsimovandrobots?IsaacAsimov最早提出机器人这个概念的人是科幻作家阿西莫夫(IsaacAsimov)，二十世纪四十年代他在一本短篇小说中用到了robotic这个单词。在那篇短文中，阿西莫夫提出了三个指导机器人行为的准则，也就是著名的机器人三大定律FirstLaw:Arobotmustnotinjurehumanbeingsorallowthemtobeinjured.SecondLaw:Arobotmustobeytheordersgiventoitbyhumanbeings(aslongashumanbeingarenotinjured).ThirdLaw:Arobotmustprotectitsownexistence(aslongashumanbeingsarenotinjured;andaslongastherobotdoesnotdisobeythehumanbeings).Asimov’sthreelaws1.机器人不能伤害人类，或坐视人类受到伤害而袖手旁观。2.除非违背第一法则，机器人必须服从人类的命令。3.在不违背第一和第二法则前提下，机器人必须保护自己。Doyouthinkitispossibleforarobotto:1.thinkforitself2.havefeelings3.haveitsownneedsanddesires4.lookandfeellikeahumanbeingReadingSatisfactionGuaranteed1.Whatisthemainideaofthestory?2.Whatarethemaincharactersinthestory?SkimmingMainideaofthestory:Thestorytellsushowarobotusedforhouseworkwastestedoutinafamily.LarryBelmontClaireTonyGladysClaffernMaincharactersinthestory:----Larry’swife,ahousewife----arobot----worksinacompanythatmakesrobots----awomanthatClaireenviesDecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse,andtrytofindthesentenceinthestorytosupportyouranswers:1.LarrywasgoingtobeawayfromhomesohehiredarobottoaccompanyhiswifeClaire.2.Clairedidn’tliketheideaatthebeginning,butsheagreedtoitatlast.3.TonycouldunderstandClairewhenshesaidshewasnotclever.ReadingII-skimming(5m)FTT4.TonywaseagertohelpClaire.Hescannedquitealotofbooksinthelibrary,buthecouldfindnowaysout.5.ItwasClairethatfirstdecidedtoinviteGladysandherfriendstoherhouse.6.Claire’sguestswerefilledwithadmirationwhentheysawherhousewascompletelychanged.7.ClairewasveryhappytofindthatGladysenviedher.8.ThecompanywassatisfiedwithTony’sreportbecausehehadsuccessfullymadeawomanfallinlovewithhim.FFTTFScanning1.WhydidClairefeelalarmedatthesightofTony?A.Becausehewasarobot.B.Becauseshedidn’tlikehim.C.Becausehewasmorelikeahumanbeingthanamachine.D.Becauseheneverchangedhisfacialexpressions.8.alarmn.警报；惊慌；恐慌火灾引起很大恐慌._____________________________Thefirecausedmuchalarm.give/raisethealarmring/soundthealarmafirealarmafalsealarmairalarmwaterlevelalarm发警报鸣警报火警虚惊一场空袭警报水位警告vt.使警觉；惊动；使惊慌不要惊慌Don’talarmyourself.bealarmedat(thenews)被（那消息）吓了一跳.bealarmedfor(thesafetyof…)放心不下；担心（…的安全）完成句子:1.Asmallboysawthesmokeand_________________(发出警报).2.________________________(人人都感到惊恐)thenewsthatwarmightbreakout.raisedthealarmEverybodywasalarmedat2.WhydidClairefeelembarrassedoneday?A.BecauseTonyaskedherwhethersheneededhelpdressing.B.BecauseTonyofferedsympathyforher.C.BecauseTonyhelpedheralot.D.BecauseTonybenthisfacetooclosetohers.3._________amazedClaireverymuch.A.ThatTonygaveheranewhaircutB.ThatTonychangedthemakeupsheworeC.Tony’sfingernailsandthesoftnessandwarmthofhisskinD.ThatTonywroteashoppinglistforher4.TherobotTonyhelpedClairetorealizeherdreamsby______.A.makingherhomeelegantB.givingheranewhaircutandchangingthemake-upsheworeC.givingheradviceonherdressesD.alltheabove5.Asaresult,theexperimentshows_______.A.ClaireandTonyfellinlovewitheachotherB.TonyhadtoberebuiltC.TonywasangrywithhisdesignerD.BothAandB6.AllthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT_______.A.TonytriedtopleaseClaireB.ClairetriedtodispleaseTonyC.Tonymanagedtoprote