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ICS23.080J71JB/T8098－1999泵的噪声测量与评价方法Methodsofmeasuringandevaluatingnoiseofpumps1999-08-06发布2000-01-01实施国家机械工业局发布前言··············································································································································································································Ⅰ引言··············································································································································································································Ⅱ1范围····················································································································································································································12引用标准·········································································································································································································23定义····················································································································································································································34声学环境·········································································································································································································45测量仪器·········································································································································································································46泵的安装和工作条件···············································································································································································57声压级的测量·······························································································································································································58A计权表面声压级和A计权声功率级的计算··························································································································89泵的声压级测定方法···············································································································································································910泵的噪声级别评价方法·····································································································································································1311测量记录和格式·····················································································································································································16附录A（标准的附录）声学环境鉴定方法·································································································································19附录B（标准的附录）半球测量表面上的传声器阵列·······································································································22附录C（标准的附录）平行六面体测量表面上的传声器阵列·······················································································25附录D（提示的附录）脉冲噪声检测指南·································································································································29JB/T8098－1999目次I前言本标准是对JB/T8098—95《泵的噪声测量与评价方法》的修订。本标准与JB/T8098—95相比，主要技术内容改变如下：1.增加了部分新内容，其中“声压级测量”对测量表面的选择、基本传声器和附加传声器的位置、环境条件的影响、测量方法都做了详细的规定。2.A计权表面声压级和A计权表面声功率级的计算准确度提高，测量环境由只允许存在一个反向面变为声源紧靠两个反射面测量，并对每种情况给出了相应的测点布置原则和示意图。3.增加了四个附录内容。本标准自实施之日起代替JB/T8098—95。本标准的附录A、附录B、附录C都是标准的附录。本标准的附录D是提示的附录。本标准由全国泵标准化技术委员会提出并归口。本标准起草单位：沈阳水泵研究所。本标准主要起草人：王世民、宫传家。JB/T8098－1999II引言本标准是根据GB/T3768—1996制定的测定泵噪声声功率级的简易法。国家标准除简易法外，还有工程法和精密法。该系列标准规定了测定泵或其组合体声功率级的不同方法。选用这些标准时，应根据噪声测量目的和测量条件，按GB/T14367给出的一般导则作出昀佳选择。上述标准中对泵的安装和工作条件仅仅给出了一般原则，具体到某一类型的泵，其安装和工作条件的技术要求则需要参照相应的噪声测试规范。本标准规定了一种在包络声源的测量表面上测量声压级以计算声功率级的方法。包络表面法对三种准确度均适用（见表0.1），本标准准确度等级为3级。使用本标准时要求满足表0.1所列的一些鉴定标准，如果相应的标准不能满足，可以试用ISO3747或ISO9614的方法。具体到某一种泵设备，其噪声测试规范应以噪声源声功率级测定系列标准为依据，不能有相互矛盾之处。在安放声源的典型泵之间测量时，需要对背景噪声或不需要的声反射进行修正。本标准规定的方法允许直接从测得的A计权声压级确定A计权声功率级。本标准以测得的声压级计算声功率级基于这样一个前提：即声源的声功率输出与时间和空间平均的均方声压成正比。表0.1在反射面上使用包络表面法测定噪声源声功率级所给出不同准确度等级的国家标准一览表参量GB/T6882精密法1级GB/T3767工程法2级GB/T3768简易法3级测试环境半消声室室外或室内室外或室内测试环境合适性评判标准1）K2≤0.5dBK2≤2dBK2≤7dB声源体积昀好小于测试房间体积的0.5%无限制仅由有效测试环境限定无限制仅由有效测试环境限定噪声特征各类噪声（宽带、窄带、离散频率、稳态、非稳态、脉冲）对背景噪声的限定1）ΔL≥10dB(如可能，15dB)K1≤0.4dBΔL≥6dB(如可能，15dB)K1≤1.3dBΔL≥3dBK1≤3dB测点数目≥10≥92)≥42)仪器：—声级计至少满足—积分声级计至少满足—带通滤波器至少满足a)GB/T3785规定的1型b)IEC804规定的1型c)有关标准的规定a)GB/T3785规定的1型b)IEC804规定的1型c)有关标准的规定a)GB/T3785规定的2型b)IEC804规定的2型—JB/T8098－1999III表0.1（完）参量GB/T6882精密法1级GB/T3767工程法2级GB/T3768简易法3级LWA测定方法的准确度用再现性的标准偏差表示σR≤1dBσR≤1.5dBK25dB时，σR≤3dB5dB≤K2≤7dB时，σR≤4dB离散纯音占主要成分时，σR增大1dB1)测定声功率谱时，K1和K2在测试的频率范围内每个频带上均应满足；测定A计权声功率级时，K1A和K2A也使用上述值。2)在给定条件下，允许减少测点数目。11范围1.1总则本标准规定了在包络泵的测量表面上测量声压级以计算噪声源声功率级的方法和评价方法。同时，给出了测试环境、测量仪器的要求以及表面声压级及声功率级的计算方法。本标准适用于除潜液泵、往复泵以外的各种型式泵和泵用调速液力偶合器。噪声测试规范中应对被测声源的安装、负载、工作条件、测量表面和传声器阵列的选择给出详细的说明。注1：对于特定类型的泵，其噪声测试规范应给出所选择的特殊测量表面的详细资料，因为使用不同形状的测量表面会得出声源声功率级的不同评价。1.2噪声的类型和噪声源本标准规定的方法适用于测量各种类型的噪声。注2：噪声分类（稳态、非稳态、准