培训手册-海管工艺

COOEC渤中25-1油田开发项目共30页第1页4海管工艺4.1油气混输管线概述4.1.1油气混输管线概述渤中25-1油田共有6座井口平台分别为WHPA、WHPB、WHPC、WHPD、WHPE、WHPF，其中WHPB、WHPD、WHPE于2004年投产，WHPC、WHPF于2005年投产，WHPA于2006年投产。以上平台均采用油气混输方式将产出液通过双层保温管线经SPM输送至FPSO进行处理。其中，WHPA平台和WHPC平台的外输管线为并联运行管线，两平台的产出液分别通过各自的海底管线输送至WHPB平台，再同WHPB平台的产出液混合输送至FPSO进行处理。流程示意如下：SPM→FPSOWHPD、WHPE、WHPF三座平台采用串联集输形式将井口产出液输送至FPSO进行处理。流程示意如下：SPM→FPSO4.1.2污水回注管线概述WHPB、WHPC、WHPD、WHPE、WHPF五个平台均需对FPSO上的生产污水进行回注。FPSO上的生产污水经污水处理系统处理后，再经增压泵增压后，通过污水回注管线输送至以上五个井口平台进行回注。WHPB平台和WHPC平台的污水回注管线为串联运行管线，流程示意如下：WHPD平台、WHPE平台和WHPF平台的污水回注管线也为串联运行管线，流程示意如下：20”/24”L=2.5km12”/18”L=2.0kmWHPAWHPBWHPC18”/22”L=2.8km22”/26”L=3.2km14”/18”L=3.6kmWHPFWHPEWHPD24”/28”L=5.4km8”L=2.8km10”L=2.5kmSPMWHPBWHPCFPSOCOOEC渤中25-1油田开发项目共30页第2页4.2油气混输管线4.2.1正常生产工况根据电潜泵的排出压力，确定WHPA、WHPB、WHPC、WHPD、WHPE、WHPF平台的起输压力均不高于2500kPaA。根据FPSO上的进站压力，确定SPM处的压力不小于600kPaA。各平台的井口温度见下表：平台名称WHPAWHPBWHPCWHPDWHPEWHPF井口温度(℃)604545505050六条油气混输海底管线的管线规格及设计参数见下表：管线名称内管外管管线长度km保温厚度mm总传热系数W/(m2·℃)泥温℃WHPA~WHPBΦ323.9×12.7Φ457.2×15.92.0471.214.0WHPC~WHPBΦ457.2×14.3Φ558.8×15.92.8301.63WHPB~SPMΦ508.0×15.9Φ609.6×15.92.5301.61WHPF~WHPEΦ355.6×14.3Φ457.2×15.93.6301.70WHPE~WHPDΦ558.8×15.9Φ660.4×15.93.2301.58WHPD~SPMΦ609.6×15.9Φ711.2×17.55.4301.57根据上述要求及油田配产，对上述油气混输管线进行了水力、热力计算，计算结果见下表：12”L=3.2km14”L=5.4kmSPMWHPDWHPEFPSO8”L=3.6kmWHPFCOOEC渤中25-1油田开发项目共30页第3页渤中25-1油气混输海底管线水力、热力计算(A、B、C平台)管线名称工艺管线年份液量(m3/d)油量(m3/d)气量(Sm3/d)含水(%)气油比起点压力(kPaA)起点温度(℃)终点压力(kPaA)终点温度(℃)气体流速(m/s)液体流速(m/s)滞液量(m3)WHPB～SPM20”Φ508.0×15.9L=2.5km2004377120777521044.936.2114245.060042.70.820.254356.420057460424115277643.236.0157143.542.21.670.502346.7200611829677841534142.761.3165346.045.04.790.799250.6200712237559933710454.260.299646.445.83.790.826228.1200812039451627278462.560.497045.845.23.050.812253.0200912189397127040767.468.196645.945.23.030.822254.7201111906289719619275.767.786446.345.72.140.804283.1201311984227115146681.066.785446.545.81.580.809313.420221179411557288190.263.175247.046.40.650.797406.720241173210616444591.060.775447.246.40.550.792423.0WHPC～WHPB18”Φ457.2×14.3L=2.8km2005325724258609525.535.5188645.0157141.70.370.269360.52006386322747888041.134.72373165342.40.290.319397.72007475320187193857.535.6135599643.20.500.391362.62008512416966936666.940.9130797043.40.480.421368.22009519514128390072.859.4128996643.50.620.427345.7201147559655401979.756.0112686443.30.420.391372.8201347097683614383.747.1101785443.60.250.387400.1202243203991555190.839.084275243.30.070.354444.8202443123721396991.437.683075443.30.050.354452.1WHPA～WHPB12”Φ323.9×12.7L=2.0km20063355299728115210.793.8201560.0165357.72.950.58063.620072749234422036614.794.0133699657.74.010.47352.620082058169815955317.594.0113297057.32.970.35454.520092098157414761325.093.8116896657.42.750.36157.820112267118311097147.893.8140686457.92.300.38975.5201324148788245663.693.9104985458.21.690.41577.5202227364163915184.894.191075258.60.840.470104.2202426723753531786.094.289275458.70.750.459108.0COOEC渤中25-1油田开发项目共30页第4页渤中25-1油气混输海底管线水力、热力计算(D、E、F平台)管线名称工艺管线年份液量(m3/d)油量(m3/d)气量(Sm3/d)含水(%)气油比起点压力(kPaA)起点温度(℃)终点压力(kPaA)终点温度(℃)气体流速(m/s)液体流速(m/s)滞液量(m3)WHPD～SPM24”Φ609.6×15.9L=5.4km20044822377410059721.726.794647.060041.30.750.2221039.520058226488212177540.724.9155647.044.00.880.3801238.520069572474311860750.425.098547.545.20.860.4421143.9200710965440711079159.825.196048.046.00.770.5071196.020081186439299895766.925.296048.346.50.650.5491264.520131368320505077785.024.874448.747.20.230.6331458.920221260310542605091.624.769148.547.20.050.5831539.32024122129712393892.024.768848.647.10.040.5651539.4WHPE～WHPD22”Φ558.8×15.9L=3.2km2004267019044843628.725.4116150.094644.80.250.147565.72005587130026933548.923.1199348.0155646.10.140.326657.62006664628846672756.623.1120648.498546.60.280.367610.02007732226326127864.123.3116848.696047.10.250.404625.32008771623405463369.723.3114448.896047.50.200.426644.02013912013063002185.723.081049.074448.10.090.503691.8202281436631514391.922.873649.069147.80.000.449701.1202479686181409392.222.873248.968847.90.000.440701.1WHPF～WHPE14”Φ355.6×14.3L=3.6km2005291511042108562.119.1233250.0199346.40.000.416374.92006310010452015466.319.31617120646.70.100.440366.6200731989011773971.819.71522116846.90.070.453371.7200831737711533875.719.91419114447.20.050.450374.320134086431814189.518.9101181047.90.000.578374.920223528218403193.818.592173647.70.000.498374.920243424204374594.018.491173247.50.000.483374.9COOEC渤中25-1油田开发项目共30页第5页4.2.2最小输量当管线输量减小时，海管的出口温度也随之降低。对于油气混输管线WHPA～WHPB、WHPB～SPM和WHPC～WHPB，输送原油的凝固点为26.6℃，当流量降到一定值时，海管的出口温度将降至凝固点，此时的输量即为最小输量。因此，为保证海管安全，管线输量不能低于最小输量。对于油气混输管线WHPD～SPM、WHPE～WHPD和WHPF～WHPE，输送原油的倾点为-9℃，低于环境温度4℃，因此管线内的原油不会因输量的减小而凝固。但随着输量的减小，原油温度降低，原油粘度迅速增大。当输量降低到一定值时，海管出口温度将降至20℃，此时的输量即为最小输量。随着输量的进一步减小，海管外输压力降迅速增加，因此海管的输量不应小于其最小输量。各海管典型年份的最小输量详见以下各表：WHPA～WHPB海管最小输量表混输管线WHPA～WHPB(12×2.0km)年份2006200720092011201320222024最小输量(m3/d)136127115103917978气油比(m3/m3)93.894.093.893.893.994.194.2含水(%)10.714.725.047.863.684.886.0进口压力(kPaA)186012101197117610841007998进口温度(℃)60出口压力(kPaA)1653996966864854752754出口温度(℃)26.6压降(kPa)207214231312230255244温降(℃)33.4气体出口流速(m/