Lesson53HotSnake触电的蛇学习目标全解必记单词hotadj.带电的,通电的firemann.消防队员causev.引起;n.原因examinev.检查accidentallyadv.意外地,偶然地remainsn.尸体,残骸wiren.电线voltn.伏特(电压单位)powerline电力线solvev.解决mysteryn.谜snatchv.抓住sparkn.电火花常考短语atlast最后,终于putout扑灭,熄灭,关掉sincethen从那时起,到现在为止findout找出,发现,查出……throwaway扔掉,丢弃besurethat对……很有把握startafire引起一场大火inthisway就这样snatchupsthfrom....从......抓起来cigaretteends烟头brokenglass碎玻璃经典句型1.AtlastfiremenhaveputoutabigforestfireinCalifornia.2.Sincethen,theyhavebeentryingtofindouthowthefirebegan.3.Forestfiresareoftencausedbybrokenglassorbycigaretteendswhichpeoplecarelesslythrowaway.4.Theywerealsoquitesurethatacigaretteenddidnotstartthefire.5.Thismorning,however,afiremenaccidentallydiscoveredthecause.6.Henoticedtheremainsofasnakewhichwaswoundroundtheelectricwiresofa16,000-voltpowerline.7.Inthisway,hewasabletosolvethemystery.8.Thesnakethenwounditselfroundthewires.重点语法1.复习现在完成进行时的用法:(1)定义:是从过去某一时刻开始的动作,一直持续到现在,也许还将持续下去,也许马上就要结束。既有“完成”的概念,又有“进行”的概念。(2)构成:have/hasbeen+现在分词重点语法(3)用法详见lesson522.原因状语从句:引导原因状语从句的词或词组有:because(因为),since(既然),as(由于),nowthat(既然)等。例如:Aswatervapourisextremelylight,itoftenriseshighinthesky.由于水蒸气极轻,故常常升入高空。Butsincetheteachersaidsoitmustbetrue.既然老师那样说了,那么它肯定是真的。(1)原因状语从句主要由because,as,since引导例句:Hewasangrybecausewewerelate.他很生气,因为我们迟到了。Asthesoupwasverysalty,wewerethirstyafterwards.由于汤太咸,我们后来都很口渴。Sinceyouaregoing,Iwillgo.既然你要去,我也去。(2)还有一些原因状语从句不带连词(seeing,considering起连词作用)例句:Seeingthatitisteno’clock,weshallnotwaitforheranylonger.由于现在已经十点钟,我们就不在等她了。Consideringhe’sonlybeenlearningEnglishayear,hespeaksitverywell.考虑到他学英语才一年,他讲的算是很好地了。(3)另外,有些be+形容词结构后的从句也说明原因例句:I’mgladthatyou’vebeenassignedanewjob.我很高兴你分配了工作。Shewasannoyedthathehadbrokenhervase.她生气了,因为他把她的花瓶打破了。教材全解1.AtlastfiremenhaveputoutabigforestfireinCalifornia.消防队员们终于扑灭了加利福尼亚的一场森林大火。atlast最后,终于,过程很艰难=finally=eventuallyAtlasttheyclimbedoverthemountain.他们终于翻过了这座大山。putout扑灭,熄灭,关掉Pleaseputthelightout.请把灯关掉。教材全解Firementriedtofreetheinjuredandputouttheblaze.消防队员努力救出伤者并扑灭大火。扩展:extinguish=putout灭火fireextinguisher灭火器makeafire生火startafire引起火灾2.Sincethen,theyhavebeentryingtofindouthowthefirebegan.自那时起,我们一直试图找出起火原因。sincethen从那时起,到现在为止Yourlifesincethenmusthaveseemedveryordinary.你的生活从那时起一定非常平淡无奇。Sincethen,theauthoritieshavetriedtocleanupthesport.从那以后,有关当局已努力整顿体育界。findout(经过研究、努力等)找出,发现,查出……I’lltryandfindoutthenameofthepersonwhosavedmylifeyesterday.我会试着查出昨天救了我的人的名字。3.Forestfiresareoftencausedbybrokenglassorbycigaretteendswhichpeoplecarelesslythrowaway.森林火灾时常由破碎的玻璃或人们随手扔掉的香烟头引起。扩展:throwaway扔掉,丢弃Iadviseyoutothrowawayyourmakeup.我建议你扔掉化妆品。throwabout随处扔Don'tthrowwastepaperaboutinthepark.不要在公园里乱扔废纸。throwat扔向(有目标性)Theboythrewastoneatthewindowandbrokeit.男孩向窗户扔了一块石头把玻璃打碎了。throwto扔向(无目标性)HethrewtheballtomeandIcaughtit.他把球扔给我,我接住了。causev./n.(1)v.引起causesth引起(麻烦)Carelessnesscausesaccidents.粗心导致事故。Pridecausesfailure.骄傲使人失败。causesbtodosth引起某人做某事,导致某人做某事(2)n.原因Smokingisthebiggestcauseofdeathanddisease.在引发死亡和疾病的因素当中,吸烟是最大的原因。扩展:reasonn./v.(1)n.理由,原因Givemeyourreasonsforgoingthere.给我你去那儿的原因。Whatwasthereasonforthedelay?推迟的理由是什么?(2)v.推理,劝导,说服reasonwithsb.劝说(以道理)Howcanyoureasonwithhimwhenheissoworried?他如此的担忧,你要如何劝说他呢?辨析cause&reason:作“原因”讲时,reason与cause可以互换。reason与介词for连用,reason后面通常跟why引导的从句,强调各种的理由(很多个)cause则与介词of连用,强调事情发生的直接原因(一个)。例:AccidentsarestillthenumberonecauseofprematuredeathforAmericans.交通事故仍然是造成美国人过早死亡的头号因素。Toanextent,thatisthereasonforthemeeting.在某种程度上,那就是召开这次会议的原因。Thatwasthereasonwhythemeetingwasputoff.那是会议推迟的原因。4.Yesterdaythefiremenexaminedthegroundcarefully,butwerenotabletofindanybrokenglass.昨天消防队员仔细检查了地面,但未能发现碎玻璃。examinev.(1)v.仔细观察,检查,调查Thefirefightersexaminedeveryinchoftheforest.消防队员检查了森林的每一寸土地。(2)v.诊查Thedoctorexaminedhispatientcarefully.医生仔细的诊察了病人。(3)v.考试,测试examinestudentsinEnglish英语测试学生n.exam考试=examination5.Thismorning,however,afiremenaccidentallydiscoveredthecause.然而今天早上,一个消防队员偶然发现了期货的原因。howeverhowever&but区别however要接逗号,再加句子,but直接与句子相连。accidentallyadv.accidentally=bychance=byaccident偶然地,意外地Iaccidentallyhitmykneeonthedesk.我的膝盖不小心撞到了桌子。Iaccidentallydroppedmyglassesintothewater.我意外地把眼镜掉进水里了。Ifoundagoldminebyaccident.我偶然间发现了金矿。扩展:accidentaladj.意外的,偶然的anaccidentaldeath意外死亡accidentn.事故,意外acaraccident车祸6.Henoticedtheremainsofasnakewhichwaswoundroundtheelectricwiresofa16,000-voltpowerline.他发现了缠绕在16,000伏高压线上的一条死蛇。remainsn.(1)n.剩余物,残余物theremainsofameal残汤剩饭(2)n.(古建筑等物)遗址,废墟theremainsofYuanmingyuan圆明园遗址(3)n.遗体,遗骸TheremainsofChairmanMaowerekeptwellinacrystalcoffin.毛主席的遗体被保存在水晶棺材里。扩展:remainv.(1)v.留下,剩下,遗留Afterthefire,nothingremainedinmyhouse.大火之后,我的房子里什么也没剩下。(2)v.仍是,保持不变Heremainedsilent.他保持沉默。windvt.(wound,wound)(1)vt.缠绕,卷在……上(常与around/round连用)Didyouwindthispieceofwireroundthetree?你介意我把这段电线缠在树上吗?(2)vt.蜿蜒,盘旋Apathwoundupthevalley.一条小径沿著山谷蜿蜒而上。windone’sway蜿蜒、迂回而行Theywoundtheirwaythroughthenarrowvalley.他们在狭窄的山谷中迂回前进。(3)v.转动(把手等),拧紧windupone'swatch上紧某人手表的发条winddownawindow把(车子的)窗子摇下wiren.金属线,电线Hetiedabaskettothebicyclewithapieceofwire.他用一根金属线把筐绑到了自行车上。telephonewires电话线electricwires电线扩展:wirelessadj.无线的wirelesstelegraphy无线电报powern.(1)n.电力,动力electricpower电力waterpower水力(2)n.力,能力(自然的体力、智力)Hispowerisfa