EMBA-供应链与服务运作管理(学员版)_第一部分

12008-3-192nnn22008-3-193nnn2008-3-194PTCQSECS)nC—Cost)nQ—Quality)nP—Productvariety)nT—Timetomarket)nS—Service)nE—Environment)nCS—CustomerSatisfaction)32008-3-19642008-3-197nn——UPSn——.2008-3-198n——nnn52008-3-199nnn2008-3-1910n“”n“”“”62008-3-191272008-3-19132008-3-1914nn82008-3-191532%39%151018659“”2008-3-1916•••92008-3-1917nn“”“”“”“”2008-3-1918“”“”4102008-3-19192008-3-1920112008-3-1921nnn122008-3-1924••·13••••2008-3-1926nnn142008-3-1927•••2008-3-1928•••••••152008-3-1929•“”•••2008-3-1930•“”•“”“”•“”“”“”•“”“”162008-3-1931•“”•“”“”••——n12•172008-3-1933••——•——•——2008-3-1934nn182008-3-1936•••1920212223•—Kiss•24252008-3-19492008-3-195094262008-3-1951nnn2008-3-1952272008-3-1953≤1960’s1970’s1980’s≥1990’sTQMJITLean/282008-3-1955nnnnn51234201030400*:PricewaterhouseCoopers29n⇒n……“”⇒“”⇒2008-3-1958n(JIT)*()*(,,:777)*(,:Sabre)n*Levi’sDell302008-3-1959nINTERNETnn“”2008-3-1960:250164:69:17///(:KurtSalmon&Assoc.)“”1“/”312008-3-1961“”“”38(6)3425104­1000(1)(:KurtSalmon&Assoc.)2008-3-1962P&GWal-Mart“CPFR”n10%n12-20%n2–50%n/32:PittiglioRabinTodd&McGrath(PRTM)25-80%30%5-10%25-60%30-50%25-50%2008-3-1964nnnn332008-3-1965•••Victor“”•“”•“”“”•2008-3-1966nnn342008-3-1967nnnn2008-3-1968nn35n⇒nnnnnn2008-3-197031*5%-20%20%--30%10-2010%40%-100%1%-2%10%-40%0%10%-40%6-11--*ContributionMargin=-/362008-3-1971n2008-3-1972⇒37200429——2.4L20028202.0L20033292.4332.4L562220“”4……382008-3-1975n2008-3-1976nnnnnnn39/2008-3-1978nn402008-3-19792008-3-1980nnnn412008-3-1981nnnnn/2008-3-1982n(Push-based)n(Pull-based)n(Push--Pull)42n()nnnn“”nVSnnnnn/JITVMI432008-3-1985PushPull2008-3-1986n()nn“”123/JITVMI442008-3-1987nDellPushPullnvs(“”)PushPullIVIIICDIII452008-3-1989nnnn2008-3-1990nnn462008-3-1991472008-3-1993nnnnnn48105164111121492008-3-1997nnBullwhipnnVMI(VendorManagedInventory)nECR(EfficientConsumerResponse)nCPFR(CollaborativePlanning,ForecastingandReplenishment)2008-3-1998n80——SamWaltonn/()/50•••••••••••Buzzell,RobertD,“ChannelPartnershipsStreamlineDistribution”SloanManagementReview,1995.32008-3-19100nnnnnnn512008-3-19101n15%~30%nn2008-3-19102nn1980——3M522008-3-19103Bullwhiptttta)b)c)d)4L5L4L5L-/-:L–532008-3-19105Bullwhipnnnn2008-3-19106nn“”“”n“”nn542008-3-191072008-3-19108552008-3-19109n“”?n“”n2008-3-19110nn?562008-3-19111nn2008-3-19112nnnnn572008-3-19113nnnnnn(VMI)nn(Benetton)BenettonnBenetton20n582008-3-19115ABABnnn-/nn()n/n/592008-3-19117nnn“”n/2008-3-19118nVMI(VendorManagedInventory)nECR(EfficientConsumerResponse)nCPFR(CollaborativePlanning,ForecastingandReplenishment)602008-3-19119n2000120n42%1058%110n49%23%10%/18%n0%10%20%30%40%50%VMIECRCPFRJITIndustrydirectionsInc.andSyncrasystems,Inc,“Thenextwaveofsupplychainadvantage:CPFR.CPFRsurveyfindingsandanalysis”,20002008-3-19120VMInVMInVMIn61VMI•POS•••••••••2008-3-19122VMInnVMIWal-MartP&GP&GWal-MartnnVMI622008-3-19123VMI1.2.3.*1.2.1.2.1.2.1.20702.2%3%3.30%50%/AMRreport2003.8FernandodelCid,etal.2000*VMI30VMI2008-3-19124VMInnVMInVMInnnn632008-3-19125ECR—n80104300/10.8%nn1992KurtSalmon1993ECRKurtSalmon,EfficientConsumerResponse:EnhancingConsumerValueintheSupplyChain,KurtSalmon,Washington,DC,1993.2008-3-19126ECRnECRnECRnECREDIUCSuniformcommunicationsstandards64ECR•POS••••••2008-3-19128ECRnCRP(ContinuousReplenishmentProgram)nPOSnnCAO(ComputerAssistedOrdering)nCRPnDSD(DirectStoreDelivery)nnCD(Cross-Docking)n/()652008-3-19129ECR1.5.3%5.5%2.2.3%1.1%1.3%3.1.5.4%3.4%2.5.9%13.1%3.1.2./3922008-3-19130ECRnnECRnnnnnnPOSEDIn662008-3-19131CPFR—nn1996(VoluntaryInterindustryCommerceStandardsAssociation,VICS)CFAR(CollaborativeForecastingAndReplenishment,)1997CPFRVICSCPFR1998CPFR1999CPFR2008-3-19132CPFRnCPFRnPOS67CPFR•POS••••••2008-3-19134CPFRnCPFRnn⇒n682008-3-19135CPFR1.CPFR2.1.CPFR202.CPFR103.CPFR4.35CPFR10/IndustrydirectionsInc.andSyncrasystems,Inc,“Thenextwaveofsupplychainadvantage:CPFR.CPFRsurveyfindingsandanalysis”,20002008-3-19136CPFRnnnnnCPFRnnEDI692008-3-19137(1)nnnnnnn2008-3-19138(2)nnBarCodePOSPointOfSalesnEDIElectronicDataInterchangenn(CRP)nnASNAdvanceShippingNotices702008-3-19139(3)nnnnnEDLPn2008-3-19140(4)nnVMInECRnCPFR712008-3-19141(5)nóECR/óCPFRàVMI——CPRFvoluntaryguidelines,VICS,2002.6——nnnn——nn2008-3-19158n——nnnn——nnnn802008-3-19159n——nnn——nn81CompetitionChangeCustomerWTO822008-3-19163pADSLppppppADSLADSL•••83••••1011189014%5954.19%2006973002643uuuuuuuuu“”84••—Ss21§§§§§852008-3-19169ADSLADSLADSLSSADSLADSLADSLADSL86713.85.68.259.4%6033ADSL38.473.674.7356.3%36224.7356.3%8.259.4%2008-3-19172nnn