莱州市2013-2014年八年级下期中学业水平数学试题及答案

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莱州市2013—2014学年度第二学期期中学业水平检测八年级数学试题亲爱的同学:充满信心吧,成功等着你!评价等级姜氏教育提供。Jiang’sEducation。一、选择题(本题共10个小题,每小题均给出A、B、C、D四个备选答案,其中只有一个是正确的,请将正确答案的标号填在下表中相应的空格内):题号12345678910答案1.下列方程不一定是一元二次方程的是A.B.C.D.2.△ABC中,∠A:∠B:∠C=1:2:3,最小边BC=5cm,最长边AB的长是A.7cmB.8cmC.9cmD.10cm3.已知直角三角形的两条边长分别是方程的两个根,则此三角形的第三边长为A.3或4B.5或C.5或4D.4.具备下列条件的两个直角三角形,不能判定它们全等的是A.顶角,一腰对应相等B.底边,一腰对应相等C.一底角,底边对应相等D.两腰对应相等5.某班同学毕业时将自己的照片向全班其他同学各送一张表示留念,全班共送2450张照片,如果全班有名同学,根据题意,列出方程为A.B.C.D.6.用反证法证明命题“三角形必有一个内角小于或等于60°”时,首先应假设这个三角形中A.有一个内角大于60°B.有一个内角小于60°C.每一个内角都大于60°D.每一个内角都小于60°7.下列方程中,无实数根的是A.B.C.D.8.用配方法解方程,经配方后得到A.B.C.D.9.如图,H是△ABC的高AD、BE的交点,且DH=DC,则下列结论:①BD=AD;②BC=AC;③BH=AC;④CE=CD.其中一定成立的有A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个(第9题图)(第10题图)10.如图,在Rt△ABC,∠C=90°,BD是角平分线,若CD=,AB=,则△ABD的面积是A.B.C.D.二、填空题(本题共10个小题)11.一元二次方程写成一般形式后,它的一次项系数是__________________.12.已知等腰三角形的两边长分别是3cm、6cm,则该等腰三角形的周长为_________________cm.13.请你写出一个有相等两实数根的一元一二次方程____________________________.14.等腰三角形的底角为15°,腰长为16,则腰上的高为____________________.15.当=______________时,代数式的值与代数式的值相等.16.如图,在△ABC中,BC=5cm,BP,CP分别是∠ABC和∠ACB的平分线,且PD∥AB,PE∥AC,则△PDE的周长为____________cm.17.在△ABC中,AB=13cm,BC=10cm,BC边上的中线(第18题图)AD=12cm,则AC=______________cm.18.若是一元二次方程的两个根,那么=______________.19.如图,△ABC中,已知BC=12,AB的垂直平分线交AB于点D,交AC于点E,△BCE的周长为28,则AC的长为____________.20.若与是同类项,则=_______________.三、解答题(本大题共6个小题,解答题要写出必要的文字说明或说理过程或演算步骤)21.选择合适的方法解下列方程:(1)(2)22.已知,关于的方程的一个根是-2,试确定的值,并求出它的另一个根.(第19题图)23.用直尺和圆规作图,保留作图痕迹,不必写做法.在公园里有三条互相交织的小路,如图,现在公园的管理人员准备在这三条小路所围成的三角形区域内建一小亭,且小亭到三条小路的距离相等,假如你是公园的管理人员,请确定小亭的中心位置点P.24.如图,以Rt△ABC的斜边向外作等边△ABE,已知∠BAC=30°,点F是AB的中点。求证:AC=EF.25.列方程解应用题.某种药品经过连续两次降价后,由每盒200元下调至128元。求这种药品平均每次降价的百分率。26.在△ABC中,∠ACB=2∠B,AD为△ABC的角平分线,在AB上截取AE=AC,连接DE.(1)如图①,当∠C=90°时,线段AB,AC,CD有怎样的数量关系?请给出证明.(2)如图②,当∠C≠90°时,线段AB,AC,CD有怎样的数量关系?不需要证明,直接写出你的猜想.图②莱州市2013—2014学年度第二学期期中学业水平检测八年级数学试题参考答案及评分建议一、选择题(每小题3分,满分30分)题号12345678910答案BDBDCCADBB二、填空题(每小题三分,满分30分)11.12.1513.答案不唯一14.815.1或516.517.1318.-1219.1620.1或三、解答题(满分60分)21.(满分11分)(1)解:方程两边都除以4,得.······················1分开平方,得.····················3分即.∴.··········································5分(2)解:原方程可化为:.··············································1分这里,.∵.·············2分∴.································4分即.·····································6分22.(满分9分)解:把代入方程,得.·································2分整理,得.·············································3分∴.···············································4分∵,∴不符合题意,∴.······················································5分把代入原方程可得.··························7分∴.············································8分∴的值和另一个根分别是0和2.································9分23.(满分7分)(图略)24.(满分9分)证明:∵△ABE是等边三角形,∴AB=AE,∠AEB=60°.·········································2分∵F是AB的中点,∴∠AEF=∠AEB=30°,∠EFA=90°.·····························5分在Rt△ACB和Rt△EFA中,AB=AE,∠AEF=∠BAC,∠ACB=∠EFA=90°,∴△ACB≌△EFA.··············································7分∴AC=EF.·····················································9分25.(满分10分)解:设这种药品平均每次降价的百分率是,根据题意,得.·····························5分解这个方程,得.·······························9分由于不符合题意,所以舍去.因此.所以,这种药品平均每次降价的百分率是20%.······················10分26.(满分14分)(1)AB=AC+CD··················································1分证明:∵AD平分∠BAC,∴∠CAD=∠BAD.···············································2分在△ACD和△BAC中,∵AC=AE,∠CAD=∠BAD,AD=AD,∴△ACD≌△AED.··············································4分∴CD=ED,∠ACD=∠AED.········································6分∵∠ACD=90°=2∠B,∴∠AED=90°=2∠B,∴∠B=45°.∴∠EDB=45°,∴∠B=∠EDB,∴BE=ED.······················································9分∴BE=CD.∵AB=AE+BE,∴AB=AC+CD.··················································11分(2)AB=AC+CD.················································14分

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