谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别

谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别1)谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。MissMaryteachesusEnglish.玛丽教我们英语。（teaches动词作谓语）Mr.Victorcametoourclassroomtohaveatalkwithuslastweek.维克托先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。（tohaveatalk....不定式作状语）2)谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。Larkelikesthepopmusic.拉克喜欢流行音乐。（动词用单数第三人称形式）Larkehasnothingtodotoday.拉克今天没什么事要做。（do用原形）非谓语动词的特征：1如果非谓语动词是及物动词，后面须跟宾语。StudyingEnglishismyfavorite.学习英语是我的爱好。（studying后跟宾语）Tohelphimismyduty.帮助他是我的责任。（help后跟宾语）2非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。Workingundersuchaconditionisterrible.在这样的环境下工作太可怕了。(undersuchacondition是working的状语)It'stoodifficultforhimtomasterEnglishinsuchashorttime.他在这么短的时间内掌握英语太难了。（forhim作不定式的逻辑主语）3非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitinglong.对不起让你久等了。（tohavekept...是不定式的完成形式）Seenfromthemountain,thecitylooksmuchmorebeautiful.从山上看，这座城市美丽多了。（Seenfrom...是分词的被动形式）4非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。Ourcomingmadehimhappy.我们的到来使他很高兴。（coming起名词作用）Therearetwobigswimmingpoolshere.这儿有两个大型游泳池。(swimming起形容词作用)非谓语动词的形式变化：1.不定式主动被动一般towritetobewritten进行tobewriting完成tohavewrittentohavebeenwritten完成进行tohavebeenwriting2.现在分词主动被动一般writingbeingwritten完成havingwrittenhavingbeenwritten过去分词一般written3.动名词主动被动一般writingbeingwritten完成havingwrittenhavingbeenwritten