主语从句•从简单句到复杂句•主语从句:陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句从简单句到复杂句•句型一:SVC•句型二:SV•句型三:SVO•句型四:SVOO•句型五:SVOC•一个句子的谓语只能由动词来充当。•主语、宾语、表语、同位语、定语、状语可以由词、短语或者句子来充当。•用一个完整的句子来充当另一个句子的某个成分时,构成相应的从句。•句子充当主语——主语从句•句子充当宾语——宾语从句•句子充当表语——表语从句•句子充当同位语——同位语从句•句子充当定语——定语从句•句子充当状语——状语从句名词性从句•句子充当主语——主语从句•句子充当宾语——宾语从句•句子充当表语——表语从句•句子充当同位语——同位语从句•句子充当定语——定语从句•句子充当状语——状语从句形容词性从句•句子充当主语——主语从句•句子充当宾语——宾语从句•句子充当表语——表语从句•句子充当同位语——同位语从句•句子充当定语——定语从句•句子充当状语——状语从句副词从句•句子充当主语——主语从句•句子充当宾语——宾语从句•句子充当表语——表语从句•句子充当同位语——同位语从句•句子充当定语——定语从句•句子充当状语——状语从句主语的类别•1,名词作主语如table,chair,child,beauty,John,China等。Thechildstudieshard.这孩子很用功。Shanghaiisabigcity.上海是大都市。•2,代词作主语如he,she,I,they,you,we等Thesechildrenarereallygood.Theystudyhard.这些孩子真好。他们很用功。IlikeMary.Sheisakindgirl.我喜欢玛丽。她是善良的女孩。•3,动名词或不定式短语作主语。LearningEnglishisfun.学英文很有趣。Tomarryherismydream.娶她是我的梦想。•4,名词性从句作主语Thathedoesn’tstudymakesmeangry.他不学习,这让我很生气。主语从句Thebookisinteresting.这本书很有趣。WhatIamreadingisinteresting.我在看的这本书很有趣。三种句子充当主语•陈述句(用that引导)•一般疑问句(用whether引导)•特殊疑问句(用when,where,why,how,who,whom,what,which,whose等引导)陈述句作主语•需要在陈述句首加that•That在从句中既不作成分,也没有实义ThatEnglishisimportantisanundoubtedfact.英语很重要,这是毋庸置疑的事实。Thattheseasarebeingoverfishedhasbeenknownforyears.海洋正在被人们过度捕捞,许多年以来这已是人尽皆知的。Thattheplatesaremovingisnotbeyonddispute.地球板块是在漂移的,这一点并非毫无争议。Thathedoesn’tunderstandEnglishisobvious.很显然,他不懂英语。Thattheworldisroundisafact.地球是圆的,这是一个事实。Thatthemoonitselfdoesnotgiveofflightiscommonknowledge.月球本身不发光是一个基本常识。•对于陈述句作主语,更常见的是用it作形式主语置于句首,而将主语从句放在末。上面各句可分别改为:ThatEnglishisimportantisanundoubtedfact.英语很重要,这是毋庸置疑的事实。ItisanundoubtedfactthatEnglishisimportant.Thattheseasarebeingoverfishedhasbeenknownforyears.海洋正在被人们过度捕捞,许多年以来这已是人尽皆知的。Thattheseasarebeingoverfishedhasbeenknownforyears.海洋正在被人们过度捕捞,许多年以来这已是人尽皆知的。Ithasbeenknownforyearsthattheseasarebeingoverfished.Thattheplatesaremovingisnotbeyonddispute.地球板块是在漂移的,这一点并非毫无争议。Thattheplatesaremovingisnotbeyonddispute.地球板块是在漂移的,这一点并非毫无争议。Itisnotbeyonddisputethattheplatesaremoving.Thathedoesn’tunderstandEnglishisobvious.很显然,他不懂英语。Thathedoesn’tunderstandEnglishisobvious.很显然,他不懂英语。Itisobviousthathedoesn’tunderstandEnglish.Thattheworldisroundisafact.地球是圆的,这是一个事实。Thattheworldisroundisafact.地球是圆的,这是一个事实。Itisafactthattheworldisround.Thatthemoonitselfdoesnotgiveofflightiscommonknowledge.月球本身不发光是一个基本常识。Thatthemoonitselfdoesnotgiveofflightiscommonknowledge.月球本身不发光是一个基本常识。Itiscommonknowledgethatthemoonitselfdoesnotgiveofflight.ItistruethatEnglishisbecominganinternationallanguage.的确,英语证日益成为一门国际通用的语言。Itiscommonknowledgethatthewhaleisnotafish.鲸鱼不是鱼类,这是一个常识。Itisashamethatyoudidnotpassthetest.你没通过这次考试真遗憾。一般疑问句作主语•需要先将疑问句的倒装语序变成陈述句语序,并在句首加上whether来引导,以保留原句的疑问意义。Whetherhewillcometomypartymakesnodifferencetome.他来不来参加我的聚会对我来说无所谓。特殊疑问句作主语•需要先将疑问句的倒装语序变成陈述句语序。Whydinosaursbecameextinctisstillamystery.Whydiddinosaursbecomeextinctisstillamystery.恐龙为什么会灭绝目前还是个未解之谜。•Whatweneediswhollynewkindofpoliceforce.我们需要的是一个全新的警察机构。•Whathetoldyouistrue.他和你讲的都是实话。•Whenthemeetingistobeheldhasnotyetbeendecided.会议何时举行还没决定。•Howapersonmastershisfateismoreimportantthanwhathisfateis.•对于一个人来说,重要的是如何掌握自己的命运,而不是被动地接受命运的安排。•________isunimportanttome.(Doesshecome?)•________remainsuncertain.(Shallwehavethematch?)•________wasinteresting.(Whatwashetalkingabout?)•________wasn’ttrue.(Whatdidshesay?)•________istrue.(Whatdidhetellyou?)•________isstillamystery.(Whydidtheyrefusetocooperatewithus?)•________isasecret.(Whydidtheyleavethecountry?)•________isnoneofyourbusiness.(Wheredidshego?)Justbecausesomeonedoesn’tloveyouthewayyouwantthemtodoesn’tmeantheydon’tloveyouwithalltheyhave.如果有人没有以你希望的方式去爱你,并不意味着他们没有全身心地爱你。Somethingwhichseemsvaluableatfirstmayturnouttobeworthless.Example:“Allthatglitterisnotgold!”Justbecausesomethingappearsvaluabledoesnotmeanthatitreallyisvaluable.有些东西乍看起来很值钱,但后来却证明是一文不值。比如,人们常说“闪光的并不都是金子”。只是看起来很值钱的东西并不意味着真的很值钱。