单词短语句子作同位语

单词短语句子作同位语同位语theAppositive同位语的定义：同位语是句子成分的一种。它位于名词、代词后面,说明它们的性质和情况,它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当同位语的表现形式有以下几种:①名词Tom,ourmonitor,isahandsomeboy.汤姆，我们班长，是个英俊的小伙子②代词Imyselfwilldotheexperiment.我将亲自做这项实验③数词Sheistheoldestamongthemsix.她是他们6人中年纪最大的④从句Hetoldmethenewsthattheplanehadexploded.他告诉我飞机爆炸的消息⑤由suchas，thatis引导Some,subjects,suchasmathsandphysics,areverydifficulttolearn.某些学科，例如数学和物理，是很难学的⑥由of引导ThecityofBeijinghasbeengreatlychangedsince2021.自从2021年以来，北京市发生了很大的变化⑦由or引导Thefreezingtemper，orfreezingpoint,isthetemperatureatwhichwaterfreezesunderordinarytemperature结冰温度即冰点，是水在常压下结冰时的温度同位语从句(1)同位语从句的定义在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。它一般放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt,promise,question等名词的后面,对前面的名词作进一步的解释,说明前面名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词有连词that,连接副词how,when,where,whether等Thehopethathemayrecoverisnotgoneyet.Theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved.(if不能代替whether来引导同位语从句)Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.【点拨】同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开:ThestorygoesthatWilliamTellkilledthekingWithanarrow.(2)同位语从句的表现形式:①由that引导Thefactthatyouhaven'tenoughtimetodotheworkissimplyunbelievable.Thehopethathemaycomehereisnotgoneyet.ThenewsthathehasbeenelectedpresidentoftheUnitedStatesistrue.Thetruththatheavyobjectsandlightobjectsfallatthesamespeedisknowntoall.Theproblemthatshelaterdevelopedaseriouslungdiseasebotheredscientists.②由whether引导Thequestionwhetherweneedmoretimetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed.③由when引导Ihavenoideawhentheywillgo.(3)有时可用namely(即),thatistosay(也就是说),inotherwords(换句话说),thatis(那就是),forexample等引出同位语,说明其前面的名词或代词。有时同位语直接跟在名词或代词的后面Hetoldusthegoodnews,namely,themuseumisopentoall.ThereisonlyonewayofimprovingyourEnglish,thatis,topractisemore.AltogetherDollyhadlivedforsixyears,halfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.【点拨】同位语丛句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们①同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词；定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的WeexpressthehopethattheywillcometovisitChinaagain(同位语从句)Thosewhowanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.(定语从句)②同位语从句所说明的名词与从句没有逻辑关系；定语从句所限定的名词是从句逻辑上的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等Thenewsthattheywonthematchistrue-(同位语从句,news和从句没有逻辑关系)Thenewsthatyoutoldusyesterdayistrue.(定语从句,news是told的逻辑宾语）Theorderwhenweshouldgobackhasn'treachedus.(同位语从句,order和从句没有逻辑关系)ThedaywhenNewChinawasfoundedwillneverbeforgotten(定语从句,day是founded的逻辑状语)③同位语从句主要由连接词that引导，有时也可用when,where,who,whether等引导；定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导Thenheraisedthequestionwheretheyweretogetthemachineneeded.Doyouknowtheplacewherehewasborn?④引异同位语从句的连词不可省略；引导定语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省略ThenewsthathehasbeenelectedmonitorofOurclassistrue.Thenews(that)hetomeisexciting.⑤同位语从句与先行词一般可变成一个完整it句子，谓语动词用be的不同形式Heheardthenewsthattheirteamhadwon.此句可以变为一个表语从句：Thenewswasthattheirteamhadwon.1、Ihavenoidea_________.A.howtodoB.whenshallwestartoutforthetripC.whathashappenedtomywifeD.howmuchhavetheyearned2、Thenursesaretryingtheirbesttoreducethepatient'sfearhewoulddieofthedisease.A.thatB.asC.ofwhichD.which3、Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_________Iwastakengoodcarefointhatfar-awayvillageA.untilB.thatC.whenD.where4、He'sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation_________hewaslikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.why5、That'stheonlything________hecandonow.A.whichB.allC.thatD.what6、Informationhasbeenputforward___________moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as7、Alongwiththeletterwashispromise_________hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether8、Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars________roadconditionsneed___________.A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improving9、Heoftenaskedmethequestion_______theworkwasworthdoing.A.whetherB.whereC.thatD.when10、Theorderthattheprisoner_________setfreearrivedtoolate.A.wasB.hadbeenC.beD.wouldbe参考答案1-10CACACBBAAC