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大学英语四级考试真题及答案第一套2021年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第一套)PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TheriseoftheInternethasbeenoneofthemosttransformativedevelopmentsinhumanhistory,comparableinimpacttotheinventionoftheprintingpressandthetelegraph.Overtwobillionpeopleworldwidenowhaveaccesstovastlymoreinformationthaneverbefore,andcancommunicatewitheachotherinstantly,oftenusingWeb-connectedmobiledevicestheycarryeverywhere.ButtheInternet'stremendousimpacthasonlyjustbegun.MassadoptionoftheInternetisdrivingoneofthemostexcitingsocial,cultural,andpoliticaltransformationsinhistory,andunlikeearlierperiodsofchange,thistimetheeffectsarefullyglobal,SchmidtandCohenwriteintheirnewbookTheNewDigitalAge.PerhapsthemostprofoundchangeswillcomewhenthefivebillionpeopleworldwidewhocurrentlylackInternetaccessgetonline.TheauthorsdoanexcellentjobofexaminingtheimplicationsoftheInternetrevolutionforindividuals,governments,andinstitutionslikethenewsmedia.Butifthebookhasonemajorshortcoming,it'sthatauthorsdon'tspendenoughtimeapplyingacriticaleyetotheroleofInternetbusinessesintheseweepingchanges.Intheirbook,theauthorsprovidethemostauthoritativevolumetodatethatdescribes—andmoreimportantlypredicts—howtheInternetwillshapeourlivesinthecomingdecades.Theypaintapictureofaworldinwhichindividuals,companies,institutions,andgovernmentsmustdealwithtworealities,onephysical,andonevirtual.Atthecoreofthebookistheideathattechnologyisneutral,butpeoplearen't.Byusingthisconceptasastartingpoint,theauthorsaimtomovebeyondthenowfamiliaroptimistvs.pessimistdichotomy(对立观点)thathascharacterizedmanyrecentdebatesaboutwhethertheriseoftheInternetwillultimatelybegoodorbadforsociety.InaninterviewwithTIMEearlierthisweek,Cohensaidalthoughheandhisco-authorareoptimisticaboutmanyaspectsoftheInternet,they'realsorealisticabouttherisksanddangersthatlieaheadwhenthenextfivebillionpeoplecomeonline,particularlywithrespecttopersonalprivacyandstatesurveillance(监视).56.InwhatwayistheriseoftheInternetsimilartotheinventionoftheprintingpressandthetelegraph?A)Ittransformshumanhistory.B)Itfacilitatesdailycommunication.C)Itisadoptedbyallhumanity.D)Itrevolutionizespeople'sthinking.57.HowdoSchmidtandCohendescribetheeffectsoftheInternet?A)Theyareimmeasurable.B)Theyareworldwide.C)Theyareunpredictable.D)Theyarecontaminating.58.InwhatrespectisthebookTheNewDigitalAgeconsideredinadequate?A)ItfailstorecognizetheimpactoftheInternettechnology.B)ItfailstolookintothesocialimplicationsoftheInternet.C)ItlacksanobjectiveevaluationoftheroleofInternetbusinesses.D)ItdoesnotaddressthetechnicalaspectsofInternetcommunication.59.Whatwillthefuturebelikewheneverybodygetsonline?A)Peoplewillbelivingintwodifferentrealities.B)Peoplewillhaveequalaccesstoinformation.C)Peopledon'thavetotraveltoseetheworldD)Peopledon'thavetocommunicatefacetoface.60.WhatdoesthepassagesayabouttheauthorsofTheNewDigitalAge?A)TheyleavemanyquestionsunansweredconcerningtheInternet.B)TheyareoptimisticaboutthefutureoftheInternetrevolution.C)Theyhaveexploredtheunknownterritoriesofthevirtualworld.D)Theydon'ttakesidesinanalyzingtheeffectsoftheInternet.PassageTwoIn1950,ayoungmanwouldhavefounditmucheasierthanitistodaytogetandkeepajobintheautoindustry.Andinthatyeardieaverageautoworkercouldmeetmonthlymortgage(抵押贷款)paymentsonanaveragehomewithjustpercentofhistake-homepay.Todayasimilarmortgagewouldclaimmorethantwicethatshareofhismonthlyearnings.Othermembersoftheautoworker'sfamily,howevermightbelessinclinedtotriedthepresentforthepast.Hisretiredparentswouldcertainlyhavehadlesseconomic,securitybackthen.Throughoutmuchofthe1960s,morethanaquarterofmenandwomenandwomenage65andolderlivedbelowthepovertylevel,comparedtolessthan10percentin2021.Inmoststates,hiswifecouldnothavetakenoutaloanoracardinherownname.In42states,ahomemakerhadnolegalclaimontheearningsofherhusband.Andnowheredidawifehavelegalprotectionagainstfamilyviolence.Mostblackworkerswouldnotwanttoreturntoatimewhen,onaveragetheyearned40percentlessthantheirwhitecounterparts(职位相当的人),whiteraciallyrestrictiveagreementslargelypreventedthemfrombuyingintothesuburbanneighborhoodsbeingbuiltforwhiteworking-classfamilies.Today,newproblemshaveemergedintheprocessofresolvingoldones,butthesolutionisnottogobacktothepast.Somepeoplemaylongforanerawhendivorcewasstillhardtocomeby.Thespreadofno-faultdivorcehasreducedthebargainingpowerofwhicheverspouseismoreinterestedincontinuingtherelationship.Andthebreakupofsuchmarriageshascausedpainformanyfamilies.Thegrowingdiversityoffamilylifecomeswithnewpossibilitiesaswellasnewchallenges.Accordingtoarecentpoll,morethan80percentofAmericansbelievethattheircurrentfamilyisascloseastheoneinwhichtheygrewup,orcloser.Findingwaystoimprovethelifeoftheremaining20percentseemsmorerealisticthantryingtorestoreanimaginarygoldenage.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。61.WhatdowelearnaboutAmericanautoworkersin1950?A)Theyhadlessjobsecuritythantheydotoday.B)Itwasnottoodifficultforthemtobuyahouse.C)Theirearningswereworthtwiceasmuchastoday.D)Theywerebetteroffthanworkersinotherindustries.62.Whatdoestheauthoraboutretiredpeopletoday?A)Theyinvar