scientific-breakthroughs

ScientificBreakthroughsUnit20lesson3YuanLongpingThefatherofhybridrice(杂交水稻）StephenHawkingTheauthorofABriefHistoryofTimeGuessinggameMadameCurieShediscoveredradium（镭）andwontwoNobelPrizesAlbertEinsteinHediscoveredfamousmathematicalformulae=mc²andcreateTheoryofRelativity.(相对论）Let’shaveaquizaboutscienceandscientist.GoodLuck!1.TheOriginofSpecieswaspublishedin1859.Thebookshowedthatpeoplehaddevelopedfromapesinstead.Whoistheauthor?A.LeonardodoVinciB.CharlesDarwinC.StephenHawking2.Whosaidthat‘Geniusisonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration’?A.AlbertEinsteinB.MadameCurieC.ThomasEdison3.Thismathematicianfoundthattheforceofthewaterpushingitupisthesameastheweightoftheobject.Whoishe?A.ArchimedesB.ZhangHengC.JamesWattQuizaboutscientists4.WhoreceivedtwoNobelprizesandshediscoveredradiumIn1898?A.GregorMendelB.MadameCurieC.IsaacNewtonQuizaboutdiscoveries5.StephenHawking,British(1942--)Hehasworkedinastronomyandstudied___________inspace.A.BlackholesB.UFOC.Planets7.AlbertEinsteinisfamousforthetheoryofrelativityandaformula________showedthatthemassandenergywereinfactequivalentA.G=mgB.E=MC2C.W=FS6.AlexanderFlemingdiscovered________whichcankillbacteriaandsavethelivesofmillions.A.Hydrogenperoxide(过氧化氢)B.Anesthetics(麻醉剂)C.Penicillin(青霉素)Howmanyscientistsarereferredinthearticle?Whoarethey?AlbertEinstein,EdwinHubble,AlexanderFleming,EckertandMauchly,PercySpencerListeningandansweringReadingstrategyFirst,readthetexttogetthegeneralidea.Thenreadthequestionsandidentifyimportantwords.Findtherelevantpartofthetextandidentifyimportantwords.Decideiftheimportantwordsinthequestionsorstatementandtextexpressthesameideas.Todecideifthereisnoinformation,makesurethattheanswer(true/false)cannotbeinferredFromthetext.Alsomakesurethatyoubaseyourdecisiononlyontheinformationinthetext.FirstreadingReadingstrategy1→Getthegeneralideaandreadthetextfast.Don’tworryaboutthewordsthatarenewtoyou.Thepurposeofthisarticleis_______.A.theintroductionofAlbertEinsteinB.theintroductionoftheprocessofscientificbreakthroughC.introductionofthemajorscientificdiscoveriesinthe20thcenturyD.thecontributionsscientistsmadetotheworldsummaryThetextmainlytalksaboutafewpioneersofscienceandtheirdiscoveriesinthe20thcentury,whichmakestheworldcompletelydifferent.Matchthescientistswiththeirdiscoveriesorinventions(booksclosed)AlbertEinsteinpenicillinEdwinHubblethefirstcomputerAlexanderFlemingothergalaxyEckertandMauchlymicrowavePercySpencerthetheoryofrelativityReadingstrategy2:GetspecificinformationTimeNameDiscoveryHowtodiscoverInfluence1905FirstWorldWar19291946NoinformationNotmentioned_____with120patentsSecondreadingAlbertEinsteinSuddenthoughtChangeunderstandingofuniverseEdwinHubbleothergalaxies(nebulae)high-poweredtelescopeprovedtheuniverselargerAlexanderFlemingpenicillinbyaccidentsavemillionsoflivesEckert&MauchlythefirstcomputerhardworkPercySpencermicrowaveovenbychancePreparemealsinminutesReadingstrategy3:Todecideifthereisnoinformation,makesurethattheanswer(true/false)cannotbeinferred(推断，猜想）fromthetext.Alsoyoubaseyourdecisiononlyontheinformationinthetext.ThirdreadingTrueorfalsequestions1.Einsteinwasatworkwhenhethoughtoftheequation“e=mc2”.2.Einsteinparticipatedintheprogrammethatdevelopedthenuclearbomb.3.Einsteinobservedchangesintime,sizeandmass4.Hubblestudiedtheuniverseforovertwentyyears.5.Hubblediscoveredthatourgalaxyisbiggerthanwethoughtitwas.FTFINT6.Fleminghadbeenstudyingbacteriainhislaboratorywhenthediscoveryhappened.7.Therewasabluemouldaroundthebacteriainthedish.8.Flemingdevelopedtheprocessofmakingpenicillin.9.Thefirstcomputerprojectfailedtomeetitsoriginalgoal.10.Thefirstcomputerwasextremelydifficulttoprogram.11.Thescientistswhodiscoveredmicrowavesinventedmicrowavesoven.12.Todayitispossibletodonateyourhearttohospitalwhenyoudie.NITNINITTNIReadingstrategy4:identifyimportantwordsRetellingthetextbyfillingintheblanks1.AlbertEinsteinwasoneofthe20thcentury’sp______scientists.Oneday,whenwasr______hisbaby,hewasi______andthoughtofthefamouse=mc1.EdwinHubbleusedthehigh-poweredt_______toexploreourgalaxy.Hediscoveredsmallareaofm___whichwasinfactothergalaxies.Itprovedthattheu_______ismuchlargerthanhadbeenthought.2.AlexanderFlemingwasab______.Earlyinhismedicallife,Flemingbecameinterestedinb_____.Thenhediscoveredp_______.2Premierrockinginspiredtelescopemistuniversebacteriabiologistpenicillin4.InordertohelptheUSNavyimprovethea_______oftheirm____duringtheSecondWorldWar.EckertandMauchlyproducedtheworld’sfirstc________.5.Todaywecanusehandym________oventopreparemealsinminutes.Weshouldbeg______forPercySpencer,becausehediscoveredmicrowavebyc______.6.Scientistsf______howtosplittheatomandchangedthewaywec_________fromwritingletterstoemailing.accuracymissilecomputermicrowavegratefulchancefiguredoutcorrespond1.Whichofthediscoveriesmentionedinthetexthasbeenthemostimportantsofar?Why?2.Whichdiscoverywillhavethemostimportantinfluencesinthefuture?Why?3.Whichofthescientistsinthetextdoyouadmirethemost?Why?Discussthesequestionswithyourpartners.Discussion1.Reviewthetext.2.Doexercise1,2,and3onpage70.Thankyou