英语教学法教程PPTunit12

Unit12TeachingWritingWarmup:relationshipbetweenreadingandwriting?Writingalmostalwaysinvolvesreading;thetwoskills,thereceptiveandtheproductive,areinterdependent.Generallyspeaking,thestudentwhoreadswitheaseandreadswidelyfindswritingeasierthanthestudentswhodon’treadmuchorreadwithdifficulty.Itdoesn’tnecessarilyfollowthatagoodreaderisgoodatwriting,butmoststudentsfindthat,iftheycontinuetopracticereading,theirwritingimproves.Thepurposeofwriting1)writingasasupplementaryactivityWritingisoftenusedasatoolthathelpstoreinforcethemaintasksofreadingandshowingcomprehensionofreadingandlistening.Butwritingcanalsobeusedintheseclassesonanumberofotherways,asasupplementtoalesson.Writingtaskswhichcansetasasupplementtoreading,speakingorlisteningclassinclude:a.dictation-dictoglossb.writingasummaryc.writtentasksusingnewvocabulayd.note-takinge.writingdialogues–freeor“mapped”f.formfillingg.other?2)writingasanindependentperformanceskill(1)LetterwritingWritingsuccessfulformallettersinvolvesthreethings:a.masteringlayoutb.usingappropriatelanguage/stylec.organizingcontent(2)EssaywritingThisisobviouslyacomplexskillandonethateveneducatednativespeakerstakealongtimetomasterDescription:NarrationExpositionArgumentationDifficultyinwritingManynativespeakersfindthatexpressingthemselvesinwritingintheirownlanguageismoredifficultthanspeaking.Thiscouldbeformanyreasons:Tomanypeople,writingseemsartificial,whereasspeakingseemsnaturalWhenwriting,youareusuallyisolatedfromthefeedbackofanotherpersonandyoucan’tusegesture,facialexpression,orintonationtofacilitatecommunicationAgoodwritermustbesureofsentencestructure,spelling.andpunctuation,aswellalstyleandappropriateregister.MisusingvocabularyorgrammareasilyobscurethemeaningyouaretryingtoexpressWritingdemandssuccessfulorganizationofideasandinformation.Awriterhastochooseanappropriatestyleforthesubjectandthereader.Problemsinwritingtasks1.Theyaremainlyaccuracy-based.2.Theyaredesignedtopracticeacertaintargetstructures.3.Thereisinsufficientpreparationbeforethewritingstage.4.Thereisnosenseofaudience.5.Thereisnosenseofauthenticity.6.Studentsaregivenideastoexpressratherthanbeinginvitedtoinventtheirown.7.Thereisnoopportunityforcreativewriting,particularforexpressingunusualororiginalideas.8.Manyofthemaretest-basedFeaturesofgoodwritingGoodlayout,languageandcontent.Layout:likespacing,idention,handwritingortypefaceshouldcomplywithconventionLanguage:awell-writtentextincludesspellingaccurately,gettingthegrammarright,punctuatingmeaningfully,havingarangeofvocabularyandanappropriatechoiceofwords,andusingawiderangeofsentencestructures.Content:ideasshouldbedevelopedandorganizedclearlyandconvincingly,andideasandinformationinsentencesshouldbelinkedinacoherentfashionAimsoftheUnit-tounderstandthenatureofwritinginreality-tolearnacommunicativeapproachtowriting-tobeawareoftheproblemsinwritingtasksinexistingtextbooks-tounderstandtheprocessapproachtowritingWritingisaproductiveskillofthelanguage,whichusuallycomesattheendofthefourlanguageskills!Product-orientedApproachContent-orientedApproachProcess-orientedApproachI.TheModelsofTeachingWriting1.Product-orientedApproachTeachergivesthetitleStudentswriteTeachercorrectthem2.Content-orientedApproachCollectingmaterialsDraftwritingRevising3.Process-orientedApproachPre-writingDraftingRevisingSeconddraftTeacher’sfeedbackDraftingOrganizeExplorethenewideaEditCheckideaandorganizationRevisingCorrectingCorrectmistakes,suchasspelling,usage,punctuationPublishingShareitwithothersCollectmaterial,ChooseobjectandaudiencePre-writingactivities1)TheProcessofWriting2)ProcesswritingtasksNo.WritingTaskWritingProcessMethodology1Youaregoingtowriteacompositionentitled“TheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofwatchingTV”.Nowyouneedtomakenotesofthethingsyou’dliketodiscussabout.Pre-writingstage(brainstormingideas)PairworkTeacherguide2ThefollowingisalistofideasabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofwatchingTV.Decideontheideasthatyouthinkingareusefulandremoveanythatyouthinkareoflittleuse.Pre-writingstage(organizingideas)Groupwork3Writeadraft/firstversionofthecompositionbasedontheideasthatyou’vedecidedtouse.Drafting/Composingstage(firstversion)Individualwork4Revisethefirstversionofyourwork.Youcanreorganizeyourworkbyshiftingemphasisorchangingtheorderofparagraphs.Revisingstage(secondversion)IndividualworkPeercorrection5Writethefinalversion.Youneedtocorrectanyerrorsingrammar,vocabulary,spelling,punctuation,andreferences.Editingstage(finalversion)IndividualworkPeercorrection3)CommentsontheprocesswritingapproachThepositiveviewsonprocesswritingrevealthatfirstlythewritingprocessisregardedasanatural,reasonable,andlogicalpatterninhumanthinking.Secondly,thebrainstormingstageishelpfulinprovidingideasforactualwriting.Bydiscussingwithpeerstheycangetalotofinformationconcerningthewritingtopic.Thusitsolvestheproblemofhavingnothingtowriteabout.Thirdly,theapproachhelpslearnersaccomplishthewritingtasksstepbystepinsteadofallatonce.Inthiswaytheywillfeellesspressurizedandthusfindthejobeasiertocopewith.Lastly,theprogresstheyhaveachievedduringthewritingprocess