新版牛津译林8BUnit1单词词组和语法讲解(有讲有练很好)牛津译林8BUnit1一、同步知识梳理知识点1:pastandpresent(P6)(1)pastn.过去,以前;inthepast在过去adj.过去的,以前的;inthepastfewyears在过去的几年里prep.经过walkpastthepostoffice走过邮局【例句】Inthepast,therewasnoundergroundinNanjing.Let’snotmakethepastmistakes.WhenIwalkpastthepostoffice,Iseeabirdflyingoverthetree.(2)presentadj.现在的;目前的;出席的n.现在;礼物;atpresent现在;apresentforyou=agiftforyou给你的礼物vt.介绍;出现;提出;赠送;【例句】Everyonecanbepresentedapresentatpresent.知识点2:You’vechanged,Eddie.Youusedtosharefoodwithme.(P6)你变了。你以前跟我分享食物的。(1)change:vt./vi.改变,变更;changeinto变成n.变化,改变;change(s)to...的变化【例句】GreatchangestoNanjinghavetakenplace.(2)usen.用途;使用能力;运用头脑(或身体)的能力;vt.用,使用;行使,【常用短语】①usedto(dosth.)“过去常常(做某事)”批注:否定形式:didn’tuseto/usedn’tto②get/beusedto(doingsth.)“习惯于(做某事)【例句】HeusedtogofishingeverySaturday.Butsincehechangedhisjob,he’sbarely(几乎不)hadachance.Hethinkshe’llneverbeusedtothisbusylifestyle.【拓展】usefuladj.有用的;uselessadj.无用的知识点3:Ifirstlivedinthenorthernpartofthetownwithmyparents.(P8)【例句】BeijingisinthenorthernpartofChina.批注:注意inthenorth与inthenorthernpartof的同义句转换。例如:BeijingisinthenorthofChina.=BeijingisinthenorthernpartofChina.北南西东东南东北西南西北adj.northernsouthernwesterneasternsoutheasternnorthwesternnorthwesternnorthwesternn.northsouthwesteastsoutheastnorthwestnorthwestnorthwest知识点4:WhenIgotmarriedin1965,mywifeandImovedtwoblocksawayandwe’velivedinthisareasincethen.(P8)当我1965结婚的时候,我的妻子和我搬到了两个街区之外,从那之后我一直住在那个地方。(1)marry:vt.&vi.(使)结婚;娶;嫁;结合;marrysb与某人结婚marryAtoB把A嫁给Badj.married已婚的;短语:AandBgetmarried/Aget(s)marriedtoBnmarriage婚姻【例句】Someyoungcouplesgotmarriedonthatday.(2)move:vt.&vi.移动,搬动;使感动【常用短语】moveaway搬走moveinto搬进moveoutof搬出...【例句】Everyyearmillionsofpeoplemovedintothecitywhilemillionsofpeoplemovedaway.知识点5:Nowthegovernmenthasturnedpartofthetowncentreintoanewpark.(P8)turninto进入,拐进;(使)成为,(使)进入turn...into把...变成【例句】Isawhimturnintothelibrary.Howcanyouturnabottleofwaterintoabottleoforangejuice?【常用短语】turnon开turnoff关turnup调高;开大(音量、煤气等)turndown调低;关小(音量、煤气、灯火等)turnover把……翻过来turnback往回走turnleft向左转turnright向右转知识点6:TherewasonceasteelfactoryneartheSunshineRiver.(P9)阳光河附近曾经有一个钢铁厂。once:adv.曾经=usedto【例句】Therewasonceashoppingcentrehere.=Thereusedtobeashoppingcentrehere.n.一次,一回;=onetime【例句】Iamusedtodoingexerciseonceaweek.知识点7:Theyoftenputthewasteintotheriver.(P9)他们经常把垃圾放到河里。短语:putsthinto把……放进,使进入【例句】Pleaseputthefoodintothefridge.【常用短语】putaway拿走,储存…备用putback放回;向后移putdown写下;记下puton穿上putoff延期;推迟putout熄灭;关熄;扑灭putup举起;抬起;张贴知识点8:Laterthegovernmentrealizedtheproblemandtookactiontoimprovethesituation.(P9)后来政府意识到这个问题并采取行动去改善这种情况。(1)realizev.意识到;实现=cometrue【例句】Mydreamcomestrue.=Irealizemydream.(2)improvev提高;改善;改进n.improvement提高,改进;【常用短语】improvelivingstandard提高生活水平;improveyourEnglish;改善你的英语;【例句】Doyouknowhowtoimproveyourmemory?知识点9:Nowtheriverismuchcleaner.(P9)现在河流干净了很多。此处的much用于修饰形容词比较级。类似的用法还有:much;still;even;far;alittle;abit;alot;【例句】--Howdoyoufeeltoday?--Evenworse.知识点10:Well,insomewaysitis.(P9)好的,在某种程度上它是。短语insomeways在某些方面,在某种程度上【例句】Insomeways,Idoagreewithyou.【拓展】1.inmanyways在许多方面;用许多方法;inthisway用这种方法;2.onone’swayto表示“在某人去……的路上”;(home/here/there这几个词前不需要加to)3.bytheway表示“顺便说/问一句”;4.alltheway表示“全程;一直”;5.inaway在某一点上,在某种程度上6.intheway挡道inthewayofsb挡在某人路上知识点11:Ithasbecomeimpossibleforustoseeeachotherasoftenasbefore.(P9)对我们来说像以前一样的经常见面已经变得不可能了。(1)此处的it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式toseeeachother.常用句型:Itis+adj+forsbtodosth.对某人来说做某事是怎样的。【例句】Itisdangerousforustogooutaloneatnight.(2)asoftenasbefore像以前一样的经常as...as像一样。知识点12:NowIfeelabitlonelyfromtimetotime.(P9)现在我经常会感到有点孤单。(1)lonely:adj.孤独的,孤单的;寂寞的;荒凉的【常用短语】feellonely【词汇拓展】aloneadv.单独,独自=byoneself=onone’sown【例句】1.Ourteacherasksustofinishthetaskalone.=Ourteacherasksustofinishthetaskbyourselves.=Ourteacherasksustofinishthetaskonourown.2.Mygrandmalivesalone,soshefeelslonelysometimes.(2)time:n时间;次数;时代(常用复数)【常用短语】atthesametime同时intime及时;适时ontime按时,准时;按时allthetime始终,一直atatime一次;每次;在某时fromtimetotime不时,有时forthefirsttime首次;第一次知识点13:IhavelearnedmoreaboutBeijing’spastandpresent.(P14)我对北京的现在和过去了解的更多了。Beijing’spastandpresent=thepastandpresentofBeijing①一般’s形式的所有格表示有生命的所有关系。一些无生命的名词,如:时间,国家、城市等地点以及价格、重量、距离等名词也可以在词尾加’s来构成所有格。asevendays’holiday一个七天的假期London’sweather伦敦的天气tendollars’sugar十美元的糖②of所有格由“of+名词或名词短语”构成,修饰前面的名词,表示无生命的名词的所有格。如amapofChina一张中国地图③有些名词既可以用’s所有格,也可以用of所有格,两者可互换。thesonofourteacher=ourteacher’sson我们老师的儿子二、同步例题分析例1:----Whataretheydoingat________(现在)?----TheyareinterviewingMr.Green.答案:present;例2:Mycousinisusedto________(study)withhisnewfriendsinAustralia.解析:该题考查的是beusedtodoing表达习惯的用法。答案:studying;例3:Guangzhouisinthe__________(south)partofChina.解析:该题考查的是south的形容词形式:southern.答案:southern;例4:Thoughhelivesalone,hehasalotoffriendsanddoesn’tfeel_______(孤独的).解析:该题考查的是lonely与alone的区别。答案:lonely;例5:Hedidn’t____________(意识到)hetookthewrongbusuntilthebuscametothelaststop.解析:单词realize拼写。本句是一般过去时,didn’t后面用动词原形。答案:realize;例6:我们应该做一些什么来改善这种情况。(翻译句子)Weshoulddosomethingto____________________________.答案:improvethesituation;例7:MarymarriedSimonin1999.(改为同义句)MaryandSimon_________in1999.解析:AmarryB=AandBgetmarried,句中是过去时所以用got.答案:gotmarried;例8:Imissmyoldfriendsometimes.(改为同义句)Imissmyoldf