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PH,,,,,。,,PHPH。。PHPH,PH、、,。PH。:mM+hH+nenN+。H:0Oana0-n109a·a{,、△G。nFPH=logaH=△G“OnF059n1。g“+`。·。5”)pH〕`’,MN,,PH,(PH=0)。”H`。.059),,,PH:()(A):H`(:OH),:ZH++Ze=H:、,,,112`2`r109=2,rHZ059PI303RT2F1。gPH:303RTF{PHPl;:=latmIO。44DOI:10.13698/j.cnki.cn36-1037/c.1981.s2.005a,,PH,,,al+l,P,aH+,H+,,aH:,HZ,PH,。CQ`eZ“`otà·o。。edQloeZ+=1060o(“”,,,。,O:+4H++4e=ZHoo。:、。:、`·a{:`)“1,。。):=1.23,F::=latm02=1.230。059PHb,b02(),bHZO(),,,,H(),,H:O,PH:PHPH,a,b,:()b+().()b()a,(O:+4H+)+(ZH:)(ZHZO)+(4H+)02+ZH:ZHPH,,,,△G,。△G=nFE,△G=nFE。E,nFE,△GO,。PH,PO:=altmb,,P。:0.2atm,,PH=1.220.o59PH,②b’(。2:+RTInP`),+4RT,;`Inrl=。oIOgpoZ+`。`”`、。。:`Ogpo:。.osoPH).②b`,,b`b,b`b,,b,ab,,()(B):,(),,PH,PH,:Fe:++Ze=Fe、=。+`FOZ。+“,;g`。9aF。2·③aFeZ+1,pr=prOFe=0.409H+,PH,Fe。.409,PHF。PHC,PH8,Ca,CL,PH。,③,,aFe“`,CFe“`Fe“,cFe。PH=;H。.Cn,mn,ZH++e2H:eF`’+2。eF`,ZH++ZeH:FeZeFe+,,。,Fe。,Fe,Fe+10“.③。m___。.0。059,_,。_。,,`._.___FeFe`loSlu=U。4UUO4UOJ`。。F。,d。,m、n,。,02+4H++4eZH:OZ+H+2。H:,ba,,O:+4H++4eZHZOZFe4eZFe:+ZFe+0:+4H+ZFeZ++ZH:OQnmn,。():(),。=o,①co,。Fe:03(S)+6H+ZFe3++3H:O,,,PH:a20=1,aF。:。。(S)=1。K。logK。=21ogaFe3++6PHaZF。3+aOH+△G。=RTlnKa=2。303△G”xl。987x298logK:.logKa2。3031。987X298=l。461.46=ZlogaFe`++6PHaFe,+=10,PH=1。76ePH1.76,④PH1.76,aFe“,,Fe3+,PH1.76Fe:03(S)。,FeH:OPH,。(A)④Fe:O:+6H+ZeZFe’+3:o⑥F。:o:+H:0ZH,Ze``ZFeoH).⑦(OH):+ZH++2。F。+ZH:OLFe(OH):+3H++ZeFe+3H:O@FeO“+sH++3eF’`+4H:OZFeO`:+10H+6e-~,Fe:O:+SH:O()B①F。、,++ee+②Fe,.+ZeFe⑨Fe:O。(S)+3H,O+ZeZFe(OH)。-③F`:03(S)+6H+.ZFe.+3H:0⑤Fe(OH):+ZH~~`Fe++ZH:O⑧Fe(OH):+H:OFe(OH)。+H,;.0?`“ǎà~.、ùO.`ùOO2`,()8`、(),《》“”。,,,,el:e1.+e1.,,Cl·HZHCIH·,H·+C12HCI+Cl·,,。,。,,,。,,,〔1〕。,,:1.。2.,,。,,。,,,。:、1.,。”...…“..0”””.”””.….”............................….….”.….“:.”….“.”...….….”….….””...........….….”….()Fe,Fe,,FeFe,Fe(OH):FeZO3Fe,,,,PH214,PH2.,。:、49、