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ICS27.200J73JB87011998制冷用板式换热器Plateheatexchangerforrefrigeration1998-03-19发布1998-07-01实施中华人民共和国机械工业部发布I前言1范围·····························································································································································12引用标准·····················································································································································13定义·····························································································································································24一般规定·····················································································································································45材料·····························································································································································66设计·····························································································································································87制造检验和验收···································································································································128标志包装与运输···································································································································17附录A标准的附录制冷用板式换热器密封垫片·················································································19附录B标准的附录钎焊板式换热器爆裂试验规定·············································································21附录C提示的附录激光焊接工艺评定·································································································22附录D提示的附录制冷用板式换热器热工性能和阻力特性测定方法··············································27附录E提示的附录型号与结构·············································································································32JB87011998目次II前言本标准于1998年3月19日道次发布本标准的附录A和附录B是标准的附录,附录C附录D和附录E是提示的附录本标准由机械工业部冷冻设备标准化技术委员会提出并归口本标准负责起草单位江阴阿法拉代板式换热器有限公司机械工业部合肥通用机械研究所本标准主要起草人陈永东何立勇任金禄宋兆煌李志JB8701199811范围本标准规定了制冷装置用板式换热器(包括半焊板式换热器全焊板式换热器铜钎焊板式换热器镍钎焊板式换热器以下简称板式换热器)的设计制造检验与验收本标准适用于以液化气体为制冷剂设计压力不高于4.0MPa设计温度为0200(昀低蒸发温度-70对于奥氏体不锈钢钎焊板式换热器昀低设计温度应高于或等于-196)的制冷装置中与制冷剂接触而承受制冷剂压力的板式换热器(例如冷凝器蒸发器预冷器过冷器油冷却器等)本标准不适用于可拆板式换热器板片包厚度小于150mm或两侧通道总容积小于0.025m3的不可拆板式换热器本标准同时适用于压力温度介质等条件相似的应用于其他场合的不可拆板式换热器的设计制造检验验收2引用标准下列标准所包含的条文通过在本标准中引用而构成为本标准的条文本标准出版时所示版本均为有效所有标准都会被修订使用本标准的各方应探讨使用下列标准昀新版本的可能性GB150—89钢制压力容器GB528—82硫化橡胶拉伸性能的测定GB699—88优质碳素结构钢技术条件GB700—88碳素结构钢GB/T983—1995不锈钢焊条GB3077—88合金结构钢技术条件GB3274—88碳素结构钢和低合金结构钢热轧厚钢板钢带GB/T3280—92不锈钢冷轧钢板GB3621—83钛及钛合金板材GB3624—83钛及钛合金无缝管GB3625—83热交换器及冷凝器用无缝钛管GB/T4237—92不锈钢热轧钢板GB/T5117—1995碳钢焊条GB5187—85纯铜箔GB5190—85镍及白铜箔GB5721—85橡胶密封制品的标志包装运输的一般规定机械工业部1998-03-19批准中华人民共和国机械行业标准制冷用板式换热器PlateheatexchangerforrefrigerationJB870119981998-07-01实施JB870119982GB5722—85橡胶制品储存的一般规定GB6031—85硫化橡胶国际硬度的测定(常规试验法)GB6654—1995压力容器用碳素钢和低合金钢厚钢板GB7759—87硫化橡胶在常温和高温下恒定形变压缩永久变形的测定GB7778—87制冷剂编号表示方法GB8163—87输送流体用无缝钢管GB9237—88制冷设备通用技术规范GB13296—91锅炉热交换器用不锈钢无缝钢管GB/T14845—93板式换热器用钛板GB/T14976—94流体输送用不锈钢无缝钢管GB16409—1996板式换热器JB2536—80压力容器油漆包装运输JB4708—92钢制压力容器焊接工艺评定JB4726—94压力容器用碳素钢和低合金钢锻件JB4727—94低温压力容器用碳素钢和低合金钢锻件JB4728—94压力容器用不锈钢锻件JB4730—94压力容器无损检测JB6917—1998制冷装置用压力容器3定义本标准采用下述定义3.1半焊板式换热器semiweldedplateheatexchanger采用专门的焊接工艺(激光焊等离子弧焊氩气保护电弧焊)将每两张板片沿外密封槽焊在一起形成板片对再将板片对用垫片组装起来的板式换热器(如图1所示)图1JB8701199833.2全焊板式换热器allweldedplateheatexchanger采用专门的焊接工艺将一定数量的板片沿密封槽焊成一个板片包后再将几个板片包组焊并装配成一体的板式换热器(如图2所示)图23.3铜钎焊板式换热器copperbrazedheatexchanger不锈钢板片和纯度高于99的铜箔钎料在真空钎焊炉的高温作用下形成一体的板式换热器亦包括为防止氨等制冷剂腐蚀而镀有防护层的铜钎焊板式换热器(如图3所示)图33.4镍钎焊板式换热器nickelbrazedheatexchanger不锈钢板片和镍箔钎料在钎焊炉的高温作用下形成一体的板式换热器(如图3所示)3.5工作压力operationpressure换热器在正常操作情况下板片通道任何一侧可能出现的昀高压力3.6设计压力designpressure设计板式换热器时用以确定各承压部件计算厚度或机械强度的压力JB8701199844一般规定4.1基本要求板式换热器的设计制造检验和验收除应符合本标准各项规定外还应符合JB6917和图样技术要求4.2设计和制造资格4.2.1板式换热器的设计制造单位必须具备健全的质量管理体系设计单位应持有压力容器设计单位批准书制造单位应持有压力容器制造许可证4.2.2板式换热器的制造必须置于安全监察机构或授权的检验机构监督之下注授权的检验机构是指由国家压力容器安全监察机构授权进行监督检验的机构4.3板式换热器受压元件规定范围板式换热器受压元件是板式换热器本体及连接本体的受压零部件(包括半焊和全焊板式换热器的压紧板框架板夹紧螺柱观察孔圆形平盖以及直径不小于250mm的接管)且规定在下列范围内a)换热器接管与外管道焊接的第一道环向焊缝b)螺纹连接的第一个螺纹接头c)法兰连接的第一个法兰密封面d)专用连接件或部件连接的第一个密封面4.4制冷剂种类和制冷剂有关热物性数据板式换热器适用的制冷剂编号和相应温度的饱和蒸汽压力见表14.5制冷剂的安全性制冷剂的安全性除按GB9237分组外还应遵守本标准的规定如表2所示表1常用制冷剂和相应温度下的饱和蒸汽压力MPa制冷剂组成前缀名(非标准命名符号1)高压侧低压侧制冷剂编号(按GB7778规定命名)冷凝温度规定的环境温度制冷剂名称435055606538R32与R125非共沸混合物R410AR410BHFC2.63.03.43.8—2.4R32R125R134a非共沸混合物R404CR407AR407BHFC1.81.92.12.22.32.42.42.62.72.62.93.03.13.23.41.61.71.8R22与R115共沸混合物2R502HCFC/CFC1.72.52.81.5氨R7172.02.32.62.9二氟一氯甲烷3R22HCFC1.61.92.12.42.71.4丙烷R290HC1.41.72.02.22.41.2JB870119985表1(完)制冷剂组成前缀名(非标准命名符号1)高压侧低压侧制冷剂编号(按GB7778规定命名)冷凝温度规定的环境温度制冷剂名称435055606538R12与R152a共沸混合物2R500CFC/HFC1.21.41.61.82.01.0四氟乙烷R134aHFC1.31.41.61.8二氟二氯甲烷2R12CFC1.01.21.60.911二氟乙烷R152aHFC0.91.11.31.51.70.7异丁烷二甲基丙烷R600aHC0.50.60.70.80.90.42八氟环丁烷RC318HC0.450.580.680.780.40丁烷R600HC0.330.400.480.560.650.30四氟二氯乙烷2R114CFC0.270.350.410.480.550.23一氟二氯甲烷3R21HCFC0.230.300.360.430.500.20一氯三氯甲烷2R11CFC三氯二氯乙烷3R123HCFC0.30三氯三氯乙烷2R113CFC0.150.150.10其他制冷剂相当于各基准冷凝温度下饱和蒸汽压力但昀小值取0.10Mpa(例如水R718)