15.2.1分式的乘除一、选择题1.x克盐溶解在a克水中,取这种盐水m克,其中含盐()克A.amxB.xamC.axamD.axmx2.桶中装有液状纯农药a升,刚好一满桶,第一次倒出8升后用水加满,第二次又倒出混合药4升,则这4升混合药液中的含药量为()升A.a32B.aa)8(4C.84aD.2)8(4aa3.大拖拉机m天耕地a公顷,小拖拉机n天耕地b公顷,大拖机的工作效率是小拖机的工作效率()倍.A.baB.mnC.bmanD.mnab4.下列各式与xyxy相等的是()A.55xyxyB..22xyxyC.222()xyxy(x≠y)D.2222xyxy5.如果把分式2xyx中的x和y的值都扩大了3倍,那么分式的值()A.扩大3倍B.扩大2倍C.扩大6倍D.不变6.下列公式中是最简分式的是()A.21227baB.22()abbaC.22xyxyD.22xyxy7.已知x2-5x-1997=0,则代数式32(2)(1)12xxx的值是()A.1999B.2000C.2001D.20028.使代数式33xx÷24xx有意义的x的值是()A.x≠3且x≠-2B.x≠3且x≠4C.x≠3且x≠-3D.x≠-2且x≠3且x≠4二、填空题9.-3xy÷223yx的值为_________10.2234xyz·(-28zy)的值为_______11.22abcd÷34axcd等于_______12.计算:(xy-x2)·xyxy=________.13.(-3ab)÷6ab的结果是()A.-8a2B.-2abC.-218abD.-212b14.将分式22xxx化简得1xx,则x应满足的条件是________.15.计算(1-11a)(21a-1)的正确结果是_________16.若分式278||1xxx的值为0,则x的值等于______17.若x等于它的倒数,则263xxx÷2356xxx的值是_________18.计算:222242xyxxyy÷22xyxxy÷22xxyxy的值是________1三、解答题19.已知1ab=1a+1b,求ba+ab的值.20.已知a=-32,b=12,求代数(a-b-4abba)·(a+b-4abab)的值.21.化简227101aaaa·32144aaa÷12aa;22.225616xxx·22544xxx÷34xx。23.若x2-3x+1=0,求x2+21x的值.24.若x:y:z=2:4:6,求33xyzxyz的值.25.已知a、b、c均不等于0,且1a+1b+1c=0,求证:a2+b2+c2=(a+b+c)2.26.先化简,再计算:2222()()xyxxyyxy-xyxy,其中:x=5,y=-3.15.2.1分式的乘除一、选择题1.D2.B3.C4.C5.D6.C7.8.D二、填空题9.-292xy;10.-6xy;11.-223bx;12.-yx213.-212b14.x≠0;15.-1aa16.817.-318.1三、解答题19.分析:用分析综合法解:已知→可知需解←求解解:由已知得1ab=abab∴(a+b)2=ab∴ba+ab=22abab=2()2ababab=2ababab=-120.分析:一般先化简,再代值计算,化简时,把a-b和a+b视为1ab和1ab,同时将b-a转化为-(a-b),通分先加减后乘.解:原式=(1ab+4abab)(1ab-4abab)=2()4ababab·2()4ababab=2()abab·2()abab=(a+b)(a-b)=a2-b2当a=-32,b=12时,原式=(-32)2-(12)2=34-14=12.21.原式=2(2)(5)1aaaa·22(1)(1)(2)aaaa·21aa=a+522.原式=(2)(3)(4)(4)xxxx·(1)(4)(2)(2)xxxx·43xx=12xx23.由x2-3x+1=0两边同除以x得x-3+1x=0x+1x=3,x2+21x+2=9∴x2+21x=724.由已知设x=2k,则y=4k,z=6k代入原式=21262126kkkkkk=816kk=-1225.由1a+1b+1c=0,得bc+ac+ab=0∴右边=a2+b2+c2+2ab+2bc+2ac=a2+b2+c2+2(ab+bc+ac)=a2+b2+c2∴右边=a2+b2+c2=左边,∴等式成立.26.解:原式=22()()()()xyxxyyxyxy-xyxy=22xxyyxy-xyxy=2()xyxy=x-y当x=5,y=-3时,原式=5+3=8