EPA Method 17

1035METHOD17-DETERMINATIONOFPARTICULATEMATTEREMISSIONSFROMSTATIONARYSOURCESNOTE:Thismethoddoesnotincludeallofthespecifications(e.g.,equipmentandsupplies)andprocedures(e.g.,samplingandanalytical)essentialtoitsperformance.Somematerialisincorporatedbyreferencefromothermethodsinthispart.Therefore,toobtainreliableresults,personsusingthismethodshouldhaveathoroughknowledgeofatleastthefollowingadditionaltestmethods:Method1,Method2,Method3,Method5.1.0ScopeandApplication.1.1Analyte.Particulatematter(PM).NoCASnumberassigned.NOTE:Particulatematterisnotanabsolutequantity.Itisafunctionoftemperatureandpressure.Therefore,topreventvariabilityinPMemissionregulationsand/orassociatedtestmethods,thetemperatureandpressureatwhichPMistobemeasuredmustbecarefullydefined.Ofthetwovariables(i.e.,temperatureandpressure),temperaturehasthegreatereffectupontheamountofPMinaneffluentgasstream;inmoststationarysourcecategories,theeffectofpressureappearstobenegligible.InMethod5,120EC(248EF)isestablishedasanominalreferencetemperature.Thus,whereMethod5isspecifiedinanapplicablesubpartofthestandard,PMisdefinedwith1036respecttotemperature.Inordertomaintainacollectiontemperatureof120EC(248EF),Method5employsaheatedglasssampleprobeandaheatedfilterholder.Thisequipmentissomewhatcumbersomeandrequirescareinitsoperation.Therefore,wherePMconcentrations(overthenormalrangeoftemperatureassociatedwithaspecifiedsourcecategory)areknowntobeindependentoftemperature,itisdesirabletoeliminatetheglassprobeandtheheatingsystems,andtosampleatstacktemperature.1.2Applicability.ThismethodisapplicableforthedeterminationofPMemissions,wherePMconcentrationsareknowntobeindependentoftemperatureoverthenormalrangeoftemperaturescharacteristicofemissionsfromaspecifiedsourcecategory.Itisintendedtobeusedonlywhenspecifiedbyanapplicablesubpartofthestandards,andonlywithintheapplicabletemperaturelimits(ifspecified),orwhenotherwiseapprovedbytheAdministrator.Thismethodisnotapplicabletostacksthatcontainliquiddropletsoraresaturatedwithwatervapor.Inaddition,thismethodshallnotbeusedaswritteniftheprojectedcross-sectionalareaoftheprobeextension-filterholderassemblycoversmorethan5percentofthestackcross-sectionalarea(seeSection8.1.2).10371.3DataQualityObjectives.Adherencetotherequirementsofthismethodwillenhancethequalityofthedataobtainedfromairpollutantsamplingmethods.2.0SummaryofMethod.2.1Particulatematteriswithdrawnisokineticallyfromthesourceandcollectedonaglassfiberfiltermaintainedatstacktemperature.ThePMmassisdeterminedgravimetricallyaftertheremovalofuncombinedwater.3.0Definitions.SameasMethod5,Section3.0.4.0Interferences.[Reserved]5.0Safety.5.1Disclaimer.Thismethodmayinvolvehazardousmaterials,operations,andequipment.Thistestmethodmaynotaddressallofthesafetyproblemsassociatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthistestmethodtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortoperformingthistestmethod.6.0EquipmentandSupplies.6.1SamplingTrain.AschematicofthesamplingtrainusedinthismethodisshowninFigure17-1.Thesamplingtraincomponentsandoperationandmaintenanceare1038verysimilartoMethod5,whichshouldbeconsultedfordetails.6.1.1ProbeNozzle,DifferentialPressureGauge,MeteringSystem,Barometer,GasDensityDeterminationEquipment.SameasinMethod5,Sections6.1.1,6.1.4,6.1.8,6.1.9,and6.1.10,respectively.6.1.2FilterHolder.Thein-stackfilterholdershallbeconstructedofborosilicateorquartzglass,orstainlesssteel.Ifagasketisused,itshallbemadeofsiliconerubber,Teflon,orstainlesssteel.Otherholderandgasketmaterialsmaybeused,subjecttotheapprovaloftheAdministrator.Thefilterholdershallbedesignedtoprovideapositivesealagainstleakagefromtheoutsideoraroundthefilter.6.1.3ProbeExtension.Anysuitablerigidprobeextensionmaybeusedafterthefilterholder.6.1.4PitotTube.SameasinMethod5,Section6.1.3.6.1.4.1Itisrecommended(1)thatthepitottubehaveaknownbaselinecoefficient,determinedasoutlinedinSection10ofMethod2;and(2)thatthisknowncoefficientbepreservedbyplacingthepitottubeinaninterference-freearrangementwithrespecttothesamplingnozzle,filterholder,andtemperaturesensor(seeFigure17-1).Notethatthe1.9cm(¾-in.)free-space1039betweenthenozzleandpitottubeshowninFigure17-1,isbasedona1.3cm(½-in.)IDnozzle.IfthesamplingtrainisdesignedforsamplingathigherflowratesthanthatdescribedinAPTD-0581,thusnecessitatingtheuseoflargersizednozzles,thefree-spaceshallbe1.9cm(¾-in.)withthelargestsizednozzleinplace.6.1.4.2Source-samplingassembliesthatdonotmeettheminimumspacingrequirementsofFigure17-1(ortheequivalentoftheserequirements,e.g.,Figure2-4ofMethod2)maybeused;however,thepitottubecoefficientsofsuchassembliesshallbedeterminedbycalibration,usingmethodssubjecttotheapprovaloftheAdministrator.6.1.5Condenser.ItisrecommendedthattheimpingersystemoralternativesdescribedinMethod5beusedtodeterminethemoisturecontentofthestackgas.Flexibletubingmaybeusedbetweentheprobeextensionandcondenser.Longtubinglengthsmayaffectthemoisturedetermination.6.2SampleRecovery.Probe-linerandprobe-nozzlebrushes,washbottles,glasssamplestoragecontainers,