搜索
1高三英语高考写作专题训练学案课题：议论文主体段落写作指导学习目标：通过本课时的学习1.使学生能够充分理解议论文的整体结构。2.使学生了解议论文主体段落的写作方法并运用实际写作3.促使学生间的协作学习、和谐交流，顺利完成学习任务学习重点：掌握并运用议论文主体段落写作技巧，并注意段落的逻辑层次学习难点：如何对主体段落的结构形成清晰的概念并会运用学习过程：I.Pre-writing自学导引：A.阅读下文，找出主题句、支撑句和结论句(1)ThosewhostudiedwithLin-lininthesameclasswillneverforgetherqualitiesaswellaslooks.(2)Sheisthetallestgirlinourclass.(3)Hereyesarebigandbright.(4)Youmaythinkofwaveswhenyouseeherhair.(5)Whenshelaughs,youcanseeherwhiteteethwhichareaswhiteassnow.(6)we,however,madeherourmonitornotforherfinelooks,butforhergoodqualities.(7)Forexample,sheisgoodatlearningandisreadytohelpothers.(8)Neverdoesshequarrelwithanyoneelseaboutsmallthings.(9)Sheisgood-mannered,thatis,sheiskindandpolite.(10)Butonthesportsgroundsheisexactlylikeaboywhoisagressiveandbrave.(11)Howcanoneforgetherifonehasbeenwithherinthesameclassforquitesometime?II.While-writing扩展句.教师点拨A.一级扩展扩展句是用来支持或说明主题句的，是段落主题句的延伸和发展，起着辅助主题句、推展段落中心的作用，对主题句表达的中心思想或举例说明、或细致描写、或详细解释阐述和论证，使读者能够清晰地理解和信服地接受作者所表达的意思。拓展句一般要具备这样的特点：（1）清晰、详实，有较强的说服力，能清楚地表达思想；（2）条理分明，脉络清晰。上一句要为下一句铺平道路，下一句是上一句的自然延伸，一步一步地论述或叙述主题。B.二级扩展一个段落通常有若干个扩展句。这些扩展句可以处于同一个层次，共同来为主题句服务；也可以在一级扩展句之下用二级扩展句来支持一级扩展句，从而构成扩展句之间的层次关系。但在段落中如果有多个不同层次的扩展句时，必须要合理地安排它们，既要作到简洁清晰、意义连贯、合乎逻辑，又要作到层次分明并紧紧地围绕主题句，为主题句服务；同时还要注意一级扩展句、二级扩展句等和主题句之间的关系。一级扩展句为主题句服务，二级扩展句支持一级扩展句来说明或论证主题句。a.(1)Thecomputerfindsmanyapplicationsinallfields.(2)Computersarenowdoingalmosteverythingfromdiagnosinghospitalpatientstorunningnuclearpowerstations.(3)Inanyfieldwhereinformationiscollected,processed,stored,andretrieved(回收),computersarebeingincreasinglyused.(4)Computersarealsousedasanaidtodesignplanning.(5)Forexample,theycanbeusedtopredictfaultsindesignaswellasthecostofadesignifoneisplanningtobuildaroad.在这个段落中，句（1）是主题句，提出计算机在所有领域都有应用的观点；句（2）、2（3）和（4）是一级扩展句或叫支持句，句（4）具体说明计算机都在哪些领域应用，而句（5）是二级扩展句，用来补充说明句（4），通过举例来说明计算机辅助设计的用途。b.阅读下文，完成下面的空格(1)Inrockmusicthereisadistinctandalmostoverwhelming(不可抵抗的)beat.(2)Nosinglebeatischaracteristicofthemusictoday.（3）Buteachsonghasaneasilyrecognizablerhythm.(4)Asyoulistentoasong,yourfootusuallystartstopickupthebeat.(5)Beforelong,yourentirebodyseemstobemovingwithit.（6）Yourheadpoundswiththebeat,andthereisnoroomforthought.（7）Onlythesurgeofthemusicisimportant.(8)Initsownway,rockmusicisasdominantastherockGibraltar.Itsmessageisanovergrowingemotionalone.在这一段中，句（1）是______________句，点出本段_____________，要说明“摇滚乐最突出的特点是其节奏”。句（2）、（3）是___________________句，对主题句进一步补充说明；而句（4）、（5）、（6）是_______________句，从属于句（2），对句（2）起着__________________作用，更形象、生动地证明了主题句所表达的思想。这里，句（7）是结尾句，它的功用在后面的章节里会做详尽的讲解。巩固探究Rearrangethesentencesintoaparagraph,thebeginningandendingaregiven.TheReasonsWhyStudentsFailtheCollegeStudyTherearethreereasonswhystudenntscannotfinishtheircollegestudies.1.AccordingtoanarticleinChinaDaily,about9%ofstudentswhohavetotakejobsdon'thaveasmuchtimeonstudy,asaresultofwhich,theymayfailtheirclasses.2.Finally,somestudentsarenotinterestedincollegestudy.3.Somestudentsfailincollegebecausetheiracademicbackgroundisweak.4.Theyspendtheirtimedoingotherthings.Consequently,theyfail.5.Next,becauseoffinanicalproblems,otherstudentsmayfailuniversityclasses.6.Forexample,onestudentmightnothaveanadequatemathematicscourseinhighschool,sohefailshisuniversitymathematicsclass.Becauseoftheweakacademicbackground,financialproblemsandlossofinterestinstudy,numerousstudentsfailincollegeeveryyear.________________________Ⅲ.Post-writing合作操练BrainstormingA:Readthegiventopicandthetopicsentence,andlistseveralreasonstosupportthetopicsentence..Topic:WiththeEntranceCollegeExaminationapproaching,seniorthreestudentsspendmostoftimeonstudy.Manystudentsevengiveupalltheafter-classactivities.Butsomepeoplethinkitisbadfortheirphysicalandmentalhealth.3Topicsentence:Inmyopinion,itisessentialforsenoirthreestudentstoproperlytakepartintheafter-classactivities.Reason1:______________________________________________________________________Reason2:______________________________________________________________________Reason3:______________________________________________________________________B:FindsomedetailstosupportyourreasonsDetailsforreason1:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Detailsforreason2:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Detailsforreason3:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Summary:Howtowriteagoodsupportingpart?Homework:拓展提高A.Trytodevelopthesupportingpartwithyoursentencesanddon'tforgettousesomeconnectivewords._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________