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牛津译林九年级上册定语从句专题梳理【知识梳理】一、概念：修饰某一名词或者代词的从句叫定语从句(AttributiveClause),起形容词作用,也称为形容词性从句.被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,定语从句一般紧跟先行词.定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词引导,关系词在定语从句中充当一个成分,并在含义上替代先行词.Themanismaycousin.Hecametoseemethismorning.替换:Themanwhocametoseemethismorningismycousin.先行词关系代词定语从句关系代词who在定语从句中做主语,不可省略.Theman（wholivesnexttous）sellsvegetable.Youmustdoeverything（thatIcando）.二、要点：跟定语从句相关的最关键的最两个词：①先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。②关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系代词:who/whom(指代人),which（指代物),that（指代人/物）as,whose等关系词的分类:关系副词:when（指代时间），where(指代地点)，why(指代原因)引导定语从句关系词的功能:代替先行词在定语从句中担当一个句法成分I.关系代词that,which,who(whom)引导的定语从句【知识梳理】1.指人的关系代词:who/whom/that先行词在从句中作主语：Adoctorisapersonwho/thatlooksafterpeople’shealth.先行词在从句中作宾语：MrWhiteinvitedmanyfriendstohisparty(who/whom/that)herespectedmuch.关系代词前有介词：Nancyistherightpersononwhomyoucandepend.2.指物的关系代词:which/that先行词在从句中作主语：Theriverwhich/thatrunsthroughthecitybringsuslotsofpleasure.先行词在从句中作宾语：Thebook(which/that)youjustlaidontheshelfismine.关系代词前有介词：HereisthemoneywithwhichIwillbuyapiano.总结：⑴关系代词中在从句中充当主语的是which、that、who且在句中不可以省略。⑵关系代词中在从句中充当宾语的是which、that、who、whom且可以省略。⑶当关系代词前有介词时，指人只能用whom，指物只能用which。⑷which只能指物，who\whom只能指人，that既可指人又可指物。3.表示所有格：whose(既表示人的所有也表示物的所有)表示人的所有：Thegirlwhosefatherisamodelworkerisourmonitor.表示物的所有：I’dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.★the+名词+of+whom(which)的结构=whose+名词，下面三句意思相同，例如：1.Theriverwhosebanksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.2.Theriverofwhichthebanksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.3.Theriverthebanksofwhicharecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.1）Therearetwentystudents,whosebackgroundsaredifferent.2）Therearetwentystudents,thebackgroundsofwhomaredifferent.3）Therearetwentystudents,ofwhomthebackgroundsaredifferent.活学活用：Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillberepairedsoon.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________记住下列表格关系代词指人指物主格who、thatthat、which宾格whom、who、thatthat、which所有格ofwhom、whoseofwhich、whoseII.关系副词wherewhenwhy引导的定语从句【知识梳理】Doyouremembertheteahousewhereweusedtoplaychess?(where=atwhich)Therewasatimewhentherewasnoradio,TVorcinema.(when=duringwhich)Thedaysaregonewhenhewasanignorantboy.(when=inwhich)Theydidn’texplainthereasonwhytheyhadcanceledtherehearsal.(why=forwhich)（定语从句中关系副词可以换成介词+关系代词）注意：有些先行词后面既可以用关系代词，也可以用关系副词。判断的重点在于分析先行词在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。以thecity为例(1)Thisisthecitythat/whichIvisitedlastyear.分析：主句：Thisisthecity.从句：Ivisitedthecitylastyear.visit：vt.，thecity充当的成分：宾语(2)ThisisthecitywhereIlivedlastyear.分析：主句：Thisisthecity.从句：Ilivedinthecitylastyear.live：vi.，thecity充当的成分：状语，表地点。易错考点梳理I.关系代词只能用that，而不能用which的情况：1)当先行词被为不定代词。如：Thereisnothing(that)Icansayaboutit.2）先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。如：ThisisthebestbasketballmatchthatIhaveeverseen.3）先行词被theonly或thevery修饰时。如：Theonlythingthatwecandoistoaskourteachers’help.Isthistheverymuseumthatyouvisitedtheotherday?4)先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时。如：ThefirstEnglishfilmthatIsawwas“OliverTwist”.WhenforeignerstalkaboutChina,thefirstthatcomestomindistheGreatWall.5）被修饰的先行词被any,all,much,no,little,few等修饰时。如：Iaminterestedinallthatyouhavetoldme.Thereisn’tmuchthatIcando.Heisoneofthefewthatcanworkitoutinfiveminutes.6）先行词既包含人又包含物时。例如：Theytalkedaboutthefactoriesandworkersthattheyhadvisited.7）先行词是疑问代词时。如：Whichisthebookthatheboughtyesterday?Whothatyouhaveeverseencanbeathiminthegame?8）先行词在逻辑上充当定语从句的表语时。如：Thisisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.Heisnotthemanthathewas.II.关系代词只能用which不用that的情况1.引导非限制性定语从句时,例如:Sheheardaterriblenoise,whichbroughtherhearttohermouth.2.当关系代词做介词宾语时,例如:Hewroteabookinwhichhecouldlearnabouthislife.在上一例句中,引导词“which”作了介词“in”的宾语,所以不可以用“that”代替.【例题精讲】用适当的关系代词和关系副词填空1)Thehouse____________liesinthebackofourclassroomistheteachers’office.2)Thehouse___________doorfacesnorthisourteachers’office.3)Ialwaysrememberthedays__________aremyfamily’sbirthday.4)Ialwaysrememberthedays__________Ilivedwithmygrandparents.Keys:1)which/that2)whose3)which/that4)when1)Xiamen____________weliveinisabeautifulcity.2)Xiamen_____________manyforeignerscometovisitisabeautifulcity.3)Thisisthereason______________causedmelateforschooltoday.4)Iquiteagreewiththereason_____________youtoldme.5)Xiamen____________liesinthesoutheastofChinaisabeautifulcity.Keys:1)which/that/x2)which/that/x3)which/that4)which/that5)which/that【课堂练习】1)Therearemanyteachersinthatschool___Iwanttovisit.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which2)Thisfactorywillnottakeanyone____eyesightisweak.A.ofwhomB.whomC.ofthatD.whose3)Thisisthelasttime___I’llgiveyouapieceofadvice.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.as4)Thedoctor_________isgoingtoEuropenextyear.A.whichthemanageristalkingtoB.whothemanageristalkingC.themanageristalkingtohimD.themanageristalkingto5)We’retalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist__________wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.thatKeys:DDBDD定语从句相似句型精练1.1)Thisisoneofthemostinterestingfilms____shownlastweek.2)Thisistheonly(very)oneofthemostinterestingfilms____shownlastweek.A.whichwasB.thatwasC.whichwereD.thatwere2.1)Hehastwosons,_____arecollegestudents.2)Hehastwosons,and_____arecollegestudents.A.bothofwhichB.bothofwhomC.bothofthem3.1)Hestilllivesintheroom______windowfacestotheeast.2)Hestilllivesinthe