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©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.()(,100084):2003-05-22:(1954-),,,,,:9851(U.S.-ChinaLegalCooperationFund):,,,:;;;:DF428.2:A(184)2.,,,:1.;2.;3.;4.;5.;6.,,,,,,A,BC,,,D(9698),,,,A,,,,ABC,,B,,,95A112,17,2,4;,B145,18,3,1;C,D119,23,11D,(),200312256ModernLawScienceVol.25,No.6Dec.,2003:1001-2397(2003)06-0059-08©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(pretrialconference)(hearing),,,,,,,,:?,?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,06,,,(),(.[M].,2002.122-125.)©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:42,()21,4,1,,(),,,,,16:,,(),:,,,,,,:()©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(),,,,27,,,,,A:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,trial,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,26,,,,,(.[M].,2002.48-51.)(.[A].,,.[C].,2000.247-303.),,,,,(.[J].,2002,(2).),(().[A].[C].,,1999.527.)©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(,,),,,,,,4.,,,,A61%(11),16%,16%,7%;B73%(8),16%,10%,,3,,,CDC,(,),54%(7),34%,9%CD56%(4),28%,16%D,19992001,39-42%,36-40%;50-6%,18-27%;20%,,,A18,,3,,4,10,B35,8(2),5(1),21D9,7,,2,,,A80:20,13;B12,50-70:40-30,4D2,38010-20,450-6015-30,,,,,,,,36,A199961%,14%;200074%,9%;200162%,11%;8%,4%,11%B2000,68%,11%,13%:()©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(),,,,,,,,,,?A18,,13,4,1,,,,,B35,24,5,3,2,2,D9,1,1,7,,,,,,B,,,,,,,,6,6,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,46,(.:(1978-1992)[M].,1999.),,500,6153,3412,(),:©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.(discourse)(gameplayers),,(routine),,,,,,,,,,56(.[M].,2001.),[M],,2001:()©1994-2010ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:(perspective)(discourse),(practice),,,,4,,,,,,,,,,():1.[J].,2003,(1).4.[J].,1996,(6);.[J].(),2001.2.[M].,1992.317-318.;.[M].,2000.142.[A]..[C].,2002.368-402.3.[J].,1996,(4);[J].,1996,(4).4.[M].,1998.103-128;.[M].,2000.61-87.CivilJusticeinPractice(Continue)TheActualOperationofFirst-InstanceCivilProcedureinFourIntermediateCourtsWANGYa-xin(LawSchoolofTsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China)Abstract:Thispaperistheinitialresultofanempiricalinvestigation,whichwasdesignedforgettingthein2formationabouttheactualoperationofthefirst-instancecivilprocedureintheIntermediateCourts.TheauthorhasworkedwithinatheoreticalframeworkasConfrontationandJudgmentmodel,528casesamplesand62ques2tionnaireswerecollected,othermethodssuchasinterview,participantobservationanddocumentarystudywereal2soused.Thetargetsofinvestigationincludethepreparatoryprocedure,trialsessions,evidences,andwaysofclos2ingcases.Someanalyseshavebeenpresented.Keywords:first-instancecivilprocedure;theactualoperationofcivillitigation;empiricalinvestigation;confrontationandjudgmentmodel:66