试析英语否定转移之成因

:2009-02-181:2008()(70108012):(1961-),,,,C.Morris,1938,.[J].,2002(1):68-72.,(,314001):,,:;;;:H31413AnExplorationoftheContributorstotheTransferredNegationinEnglishZHOUZhen-xing,ZHOUHong(SchoolofForeignLanguages,JiaxingUniversity,Jiaxing,Zhejiang314001)Abstract:AsaspecialstructureoftheEnglishlanguage,thetransferrednegation,characterizedbyindirectnessandpoliteness,etc.,ispreferableasapragmaticstrategytonon-transferrednegationordirectnegationincommuni2cation.Thispaperexploresthefactorscontributingtothetransferrednegation,themajoronesofwhichincludegram2maticalization,subjectivityandpoliteness.Keywords:transferrednegation;grammaticalization;subjectivity;politeness:A1:1008-6781(2009)05-0103-04(transferrednegation),,,,,,,,,(Quirk)1972not,Idon’tthinkheisrightIthinkheisnotright,,think,believe,suppose,imagine,expect,(1983),do,[1],(1988),,,,suppose,imaginethink,suppose,believe,imagine(+,-),1[2]30121520099Vol.21No.52009.9JournalofJiaxingUniversity1think+-+++-suppose+--+--believe+-+++-imagine+--+--,Idon’tthink/believe/,,1.(grammaticalization),:,Bybee(1994),,?,,101SvartikQuirk66,208,23[3](1988),874think,sup2pose,believe,imagine,325,81,31,10,think,,[2]54-61,(2005)(30)(Idon’tthinkso.),,:81541;61941;71[4],,,Idon’tbelieveshewillcometotheparty.Ibelieveshewon’tcometotheparty.not,,believe,come,,,,,?,3:,(),,(),Idon’tthinkheisright.,Ithinkheisnotright.,,,,401215Bybee,1994:19-20,:,.[J].,2005(4):63-68.2.(subjectivity),Langacker(1990),[5],,,,(sentencemeaning),(speakermeaning)[6],:1)Henryisnotintelligent.2)Idon’tthinkHenryisintelligent.,,1)2),,1),:1)I,,Henryisnotintelligent.,,,:,,,,,:,,,:3)Idon’tbelieveshewillcometotheparty.4)Ibelieveshewon’tcometotheparty.3)4),,notbe2lieveshewon’tcometotheparty.,,,,,Idon’tbelieveshewillcometotheparty.,,believe,,,,3.,(intersubjectivity)//,,/,,/,,,,,(modelperson)[7](Brown)(Levinson)(1978)(positiveface)()(negativeface)()(facethreateningacts),,[8],,,,,,,,501,:Traugott,:.[J].,2004(1):18-24.,,thinksupposebelieveimagineexpect,:5)Ithinkyourattitudetowardthisproblemisnotright.6)Idon’tthinkyourattitudetowardthisproblemisright.5),,,,,;6):,,,,R1Lakoff:;,,,,;,,,:;,,,,,[2]54-61,,:7)Idon’tthinkheishonest.8)Ithinkheisn’thonest.7),honest,,,6)7),,,,,,,,,,:[1].,[J].,1983(1):6-13.[2].[J].,1988(4):54-61.[3].[J].,1996(5):73-75.[4].[J].,2005(4):58-62.[5]LangackerRW.Subjectification[J].CognitiveLinguistics,1990(1):5-38.[6].[J].,2004(1):18-24.[7].[M].:,2000:225.[8],.[M].:,2004:46-52.()601215R1Lakoff,:,.[J].,1999(4):90-93.