定语从句专项课件

Unit9语法专项课件语法点击定语从句修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。先行词通常是名词、代词、短语或句子。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有where,when,why,how等。关系词有三个作用：(1)引导定语从句；(2)代替先行词；(3)在定语从句中充当一个成分。引导定语从句的关系代词：成分先行词主语宾语定语人who/thatwho/whom/thatwhose＝ofwhom物which/thatwhich/thatwhose＝ofwhich1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。如：TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.踢足球的那些男孩是一班的。2．whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，可省略。如：Mr.Linisjusttheman(whom)Iwanttosee.林老师正是我想见的人。注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，也可以省略。如：Theman(who/whom)youmetjustnowismyfriend.你刚才见到的那个人是我的朋友。3．which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。如：Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.这是他昨天买的那支钢笔。4．that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。that在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。如：Whereistheman(that/whom)Isawthismorning?我今天上午见到的那个人在哪儿？5．whose可以指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中作定语。如：Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.他有一位朋友，他的父亲是一名医生。6．定语从句的关系代词只能用that而不用which的几种情况：(1)当先行词是anything，everything，nothing(something除外),few,all,none,little,some等不定代词时，或由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时。如：ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.我几乎不能为你做任何事。注意：当先行词指人时，也可以用who。如：Anymanthat/whohasasenseofdutywon'tdosuchathing.但凡有点责任感的人都不会做这种事。(2)当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwasBigBen.他们在伦敦参观的第一站是大本钟。(3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.这是我所看过的最好的一部电影。(4)当形容词被thevery,theonly,thesame,thelast等修饰时。如：ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy.这正是我想要买的那本词典。注意：当先行词指人时，也可以用who。如：WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolthat/whowillattendthemeeting.王华是我校将出席此会议的仅有的一人。(5)当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时。如：Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?站在那儿的那个人是谁？(6)当先行词既有人，又有物时。如：Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned？你能记住我们所学过的那位科学家及其理论吗？实战演练()1.[2013·十堰]ThePalaceMuseumisthebestplace________I'veevervisited.A．thatB．whichC．whereD．what()2.[2013·荆州]Sheisthegirl________inventiongotthefirstprizeintheschoolcompetition.A．whoB．thatC．whichD．whoseAD()3.[2013·河南]Afriendissomeone________says,“What!Youtoo?IthoughtIwastheonlyone！”A．whoB．whichC．whatD．whose()4.[2013·玉林]—Linda,canyoutellmesomethingaboutMoYan?—Sure.Heisthewriter________wontheNobel(诺贝尔)LiteraturePrize.A．whichB．whoseC．whoD．whomAC()5.[2013·白银]AWechat(微信)isaninvention________canhelppeopletalktofriends,sharephotos,ideasandfeelingsfreely.A．whichB．whoC．whoseD．/()6.[2013·宜宾]—Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?—Ilikemusic________Icandanceto.A．becauseB．whenC．whoD．thatAD()7.—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?—Ilikethemovies________areaboutChinesehistory.A．whoB．whomC．whoseD.which()8.Peopleoftenlikeclothes________canmakethemlookyoung.A.whenB．whoC．thatD．whatDC()9.Thelittleboywaswrappingthepresent________wouldbesenttohisteacher.A．whoB．/C．whatD．that()10.—Therearesomanygirlsoverthere.Whichoneisyoursister?—Theone________hatisyellow.A．whoB．whoseC．thatD．whichDB