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英语的基本句型蓬溪县高中高三英语五种基本句型1.主语+不及物动词Everybodysmiled.2.主语+及物动词+宾语Heknowseverything.3.主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语Ishowedhimmypassport.4.主语+系动词+表语Theboylookshealthy.5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语Whatmadeyouangry?祈使句的主语一般都省略掉一主语+不及物动词1.主语+不及物动词Thesunisrising.It’ssnowing.Canyouread?2.主语+不及物动词+状语Didyousleepwell?Sheoftendreams.YougofirstandIwillfollowbehind.3.主语+不及物动词+副词(构成成语动词)Theenginebrokedown.Howdidtheaccidentcomeabout?Thebombblewup.4.主语+不及物动词(有被动意思)Isthebooksellingwell?Doesthisclothwashwell?•这些句子有一个共同的特点：谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，不需加宾语。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。•1.太阳在明亮地照耀着。•2.我们呼吸、吃和喝。•3.他们谈了半个小时。•4.我们到的时候他们正在唱歌。•5.这支笔书写流利。•1.太阳在明亮地照耀着。Thesunisshiningbrightly.•2.我们呼吸、吃和喝。•Weallbreathe,eatanddrink.•3.他们谈了半个小时。•Theytalkedforhalfanhour.•4.我们到的时候他们正在唱歌。•Theyweresingingwhenwearrived.•5.这支笔书写流利。•Thepenwritessmoothly.二主语+及物动词+宾语1.主语+及物动词+名词(代词)Doyouknowthem?Helovedice-cream.Whatdidhesay?2.主语+及物动词+反身代词NowIwillintroducemyself.Theyblamedthemselvesfortheaccident.3.主语+及物动词+同源宾语Hesmiledastrangesmile.Asheslept,hedreamedadream.4.主语+成语动词+宾语Hehandedinhishomeworkthismorning.Theyarelookeddownonbyeveryone.5.主语+及物动词+不定式(做宾语)Wecan’taffordtopaysuchaprice.Youmusttrytoimprove.Heforgotwhichwaytogo.6.主语+及物动词+动名词(做宾语)Wouldyoumindwaitingforafewminutes?Ipreferstanding.Iproposerestingforhalfanhour.7.主语+及物动词+从句(做宾语)Heclaimedthathesawtheaccident.Isuggested(that)we(should)leaveearly.DoyouseewhyIdidit?Canyoutellwhichiswhich?Sheaskedifshemightcallandseeme.I’lldowhatIcan.Idon’trememberwhenthathappened.•这些句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。•1.谁知道答案?•2.他喜欢看书。•3.他说：“早上好！”•4.我想喝杯茶•5.他拒绝帮他们。•6.他承认犯了错误•1.谁知道答案?•Whoknowstheanswer?•2.他喜欢看书。•Heenjoysreading.•3.他说：“早上好！”•Hesaid“Goodmorning.”••4.我想喝杯茶•Iwanttohaveacupoftea.•5.他拒绝帮他们。•Hehasrefusedtohelpthem.•6.他承认犯了错误.•Headmitsthathewasmistaken.三主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语1.主语+双宾动词+名词/代词+名词Shegivemehertelephonenumber.(to)I’llmakeyousomefreshtea.(for)Theyforgavehimhiscrimes.2.主语+双宾动词+名词/代词+从句Ihavewarnedhimthatitisnotallowed.Sheshowedmewhereherleghurt.Tellmewhateveryouknowaboutit.•[分析]这些句子有一个共同的特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思，故这类动词被称作双宾语动词。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。一般来说指人的宾语叫间接宾语，指物的宾语叫直接宾语。通常情况下间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后；有时也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，此时间接宾语前需加介词for或to。•间接宾语后置与for连用的动词有buy,make,cook,get,choose,sing,find等。例如：UncleLiboughtmeabirthdaypresent.=UncleLiboughtabirthdaypresentforme.李叔叔给我买了一件生日礼物。•间接宾语后置与to连用的动词有give,lend,teach,take,return,send,pass等。例如：•Pleasepasshimacupoftea.=Pleasepassacupofteatohim.请递给他一杯茶。•注意：若直接宾语是人称代词，通常情况下将其置于间接宾语之前。例如：•误：Pleasegivemethem.正：Pleasegivethemtome.1.他把这本书给了他的2.我将写给你一封长信。3.他给你带来了一本字典。4.她给丈夫做了一顿美餐。5.我给他看我的照片。6.我告诉他汽车晚点了。7.他教我开机器。1.他把这本书给了他的妹妹。•Hegavethebooktohissister.•2.我将写给你一封长信。•I'llwriteyoualongletter.•3.他给你带来了一本字典。•Hebroughtyouadictionary.•4.她给丈夫做了一顿美餐。Shecookedherhusbandadeliciousmeal.•5.我给他看我的照片。Ishowedhimmypictures.•6.我告诉他汽车晚点了。Itoldhimthatthebuswaslate.•7.他教我开机器。Heshowedmehowtorunthemachine.1.主语+系动词+形容词Howareyou?I’mfine.Hehasfallenill.Theykeptsilent.2.主语+系动词+名词Hisdreamhasatlastbecomeareality.Heappearedafool.Itsoundsagoodidea.四主语+系动词+表语3.主语+系动词+副词IsHelenin?Summerisover.You’dbetterkeepawayfromthatguy.4.主语+系动词+介词短语Youknowwhatyouareafter.Keepoffthegrass.Thestudentsareinfavourofreform.5.主语+系动词+不定式Hisplanistokeepitsecret.Theonlythingnowistotakeataxi.Surelyshewastobetrusted.6.主语+系动词+动名词Myjobisrepairingcars.Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.Theirfavouritepastimeisplayingchess.7.主语+系动词+从句Myopinionisthattheplanwon’twork.Thequestioniswhatyouwanttodo.That’swherewediffer.That’showIlookatit.Theproblemiswhocanbeputincharge.8.主语+系动词+形容词+介词短语Sheisfondofthiscountry.Iwassickoflyinginbed.Theyseemdelightedwiththeresult.9.主语+系动词+形容词+不定式I’mhappytomeetyou.Shewaseagertoseeherpeople.10.主语+系动词+形容词+从句I’mgladyouhavecome.We’renotclearwhatthey’reupto.Iamnotcertainwhoheis.He’sdoubtfulwhetherhecanaffordit.•这些句子有一个共同的特点：谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be,look,keep,seem等属一类，表示情况；get,grow,become,turn等属另一类，表示变化。be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。•1特纳先生是位画家。•2牛奶变酸了。•3.她当了律师.•4.这是本英汉辞典。•5.蛋糕味道很好。•6.一切看来都不同了。•7.他长得又高又壮。•8.麻烦的是他们缺少钱。•9.我们的井干枯了。•10.他的脸红了。•1.特纳先生是位画家。Mr.Turnerisanartist.•2.牛奶变酸了。Themilkturnedsour.•3.她当了律师.Shebecamealawyer.•4.这是本英汉辞典。ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.•5.蛋糕味道很好。Thecakesmellsgood.•6.一切看来都不同了。Everythinglooksdifferent.•7.他长得又高又壮。Heisgrowingtallandstrong.•8.麻烦的是他们缺少钱。Thetroubleisthattheyareshortofmoney.•9.我们的井干枯了。Ourwellhasgonedry.•10.他的脸红了。Hisfaceturnedred.五主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语1.主语+及物动词+宾语+形容词Ithoughthersoniceandsincere.Theydidn’tbelievesuchathingpossible.Hefounditdifficulttosatisfytheirneeds.2.主语+及物动词+宾语+名词TheycalledtheirdaughterMary.WeelectedSmithourchairman.Wethoughtitourdutytohelpthem.3.主语+及物动词+宾语+介词短语Heputhisbooksinorder.Thisplacedherinaverydifficultposition.Shewasplacedinaverydifficultposition.4.主语+及物动词+宾语+副词Shewishedherselfhome.Don’tleavemebehind.5.主语+及物动词+宾语+不定式Whatdoyouadvisemetodo?Iwishyoutobehappy?Weallfelttheplantobeunwise.6.主语+及物动词+宾语+不带to的不定式Wecan’tletthisgoon.Didyounoticehimcomein?7.主语+及物动词+宾语+现在分词IsawherchattingwithNancy.Ihateyoubeingunhappy.Icouldsmelltrou