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福建师范大学学科教学（英语)写作与翻译10~16年真题史上最完整版学姐攒人品，纯手打，方便大家打印.2010I.Writing(40points)Directions:Writeanarticleofabout200wordsonthefollowingtitle:OntheRelationshipbetweenLanguageInputandLanguageOutputinEnglishTeachingandLearninginChinaII.Writing(35points)Directions:Writeanarticleofabout200wordsonthefollowingtitle:WaysofCrossingPsychologicalBarriersinPractisingOralEnglishinChinaIII.TranslationfromEnglishintoChinese(35points)Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese:Scienceandtechnologyhavecometopervadeeveryaspectofourlivesand,asaresult,societyischangingataspeedwhichisquiteunprecedented.Thereisagreattechnologicalexplosionaroundus,generatedbyscience.Thisexplosionisalreadyfreeingvastnumbersofpeoplefromtheirtraditionalbondagetonature,andnowatlastwehaveitinourpowertofreemankindonceandforallfromthefearwhichisbasedonwant.Now,forthefirsttime,mancanreasonablybegintothinkthatlifecanbesomethingmorethanagrimstruggleforsurvival.Buteventoday,inspiteofthehighstandardoflivingwhichhasbecomegeneralinthemorefortunateWest,themajorityofpeopleintheworldstillspendnearlyalltheirtimeandenergyinanever-endingstrugglewithnaturetosecurethefoodandsheltertheyneed.Eveninthiselementaryeffortmillionsofhumanbeingseachyeardieunnecessarilyandwastefullyfromhunger,disease,orflood.IV.TranslationfromChineseintoEnglish(40points)Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish:普通的读者阅读一篇文章或小说，主要是为了获取有关的信息，即文章的内容和小说讲述的故事。文学批评家关注的可能是小说的主题、人物形象的塑造、小说的语言特点以及社会意义等。译者则不但要了解原文的内容，还必须分析原文的内容是如何表达的。这是将原文转换成译入语前必不可少的准备工作。对原文分析得越透彻，准备工作做得越充分，翻译起来就越顺，越容易译出比较忠实原文的译文来。这种认真的工作态度也是对翻译工作者的一个基本要求。2011I.TranslationFromEnglishtoChinese(50points)Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefully,andthentranslatethepassageintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyonANSWERSHEET.Ifyou’vebeeninChinaforawhileyou’veprobablynoticedthattherearesomewordsthatinstantlyquietdownagroupofChinesepeople.Utter‘Mao’or‘CulturalRevolution’andyoumaynoticediscussiongrindtoahaltbuttheeffectofthesewordsisnothingcomparedtothepainedsilencethatfallsoverthegroupwhentheword‘gaokao’isspoken.Thegaokao-literally‘hightest’-isthebiggesttestintheworld:everyyeararound10millionyoungChinesejustabouttograduatefromhighschooltakethetestthatwilldeterminetheirfuture;and,atleastforthestudentsandtheirfamilies,itisthemostimportanttesttheywillevertake.Itgripstheentirenation,everyyearfromJune6thto9thorsocitiesquietdown,thedinofhornsrecedes,parentstaketheirchildrentohotelsnearthetestsitetoavoidtrafficjamsandaidconcentration,anditstartstofeellikeaWildWesttownrightbeforetheshootingbegins.WhilethegaokaoisnotthefirstbigtestChineseschoolchildrentake—therearealsoteststoenterelementaryandmiddleschool—itisthebiggest.Theresultsoftheexamdeterminethestudent’sentrancetocollege,ornot,theirfuturemajor,andwhichuniversitytheycanattend.ThehistoryofentranceexamsinChinadatesbacktothebirthofmodernuniversitiesandtothetenetsofConfucianism.ThegaokaoemergedinitscurrentincarnationrightaftertheCulturalRevolution.Thefirstgaokaowasadministeredin1977andbecauseofthechaosanddamagetotheeducationalsystemduringthepreviousdecadestudentsofallagesandeducationalbackgroundswereallowedtotest.Inyearssince,theMinistryofEducationhasbeeninchargeofadministeringtheexamalthoughthetestdiffersfromregiontoregion.Thepsychologicalpressureonthestudentsisbrutal.Foryearsparentsenrolltheminweekendacademiesandspendloadsofmoneyonprivatetutors.UniversityeducationinChinaisessentiallyfree—youhavetopayafeeforbooksandhousing—buttheamountofmoneymanyparentsspendontheirchildren’seducationismind-bogglingwhencomparedtotheirmeans.Paying100yuanormoreanhourforaforeignEnglishtutorisamajorinvestmentforevenmiddle-classChinese.II.TranslationFromChinesetoEnglish(50points)Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefully,andthentranslatethepassageintoEnglish.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyonANSWERSHEET.肩负培养中小学英语师资之重任的高师英语教育必须坚持1-4年级始终把听说读写译的技能训练放在首位考虑，而不是一味强调教学理论、教学实践和教学技巧的重要性。首先，这里不是孰轻孰重的问题，而是孰先孰后的问题。举例来说，一个英语教师本身的听说读写译水平低下，能指望他靠教学理论或教学经验来培养出尖端的英语人才吗？笔者经常接触来自中学英语教师的教育硕士研究生，他们选择了中学英语写作教改实验的课题，但他们自己用英语撰写的硕士论文中辞不达意，语法错误，汉式英语，语篇衔接混乱等问题比比皆是。我们与其讥笑他们，还不如反思我们长期以来高师英语教育是否把握了孰先孰后的教学中的。从“守土有责”角度看问题，师傅“武艺”不高，如何培养出“武艺”高强的徒弟？徒弟“武艺”不高，又如何培养出“武艺”高强的徒弟的徒弟？因此，高师院校英语专业建设在1-2年级基础阶段，专注于听说读写译基础训练是防止英语水平基础不扎实而“误入”中小学师资队伍，形成一种误人子弟的恶性循环。III.Writing(50points)Directions:TheMinistryofEducationcalledforthebeginningofEnglishteachinginelementaryeducation.Thispracticehasbeenaroundformanyyearsnow.What’syourviewpointonEnglisheducationattheelementarylevelofChina’seducation?Youarerequiredtoadvanceyourpersonalpointofviewandsupportyourargumentwithsufficientevidenceinabout300words.2012SectionA:FromEnglishtoChineseDirections:Readthefollowingtextcarefully,andthentranslatethepassageintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(50points)SincethefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,theentirePartyandsociety,workinghardundertheleadershipoftheParty’sthreegenerationsofcentralcollectiveleadershipwiththeComradesMaoZedong,DengXiaopingandJiangZemingatthecore,andtheParty’sCentralCommitteewithComradeHuJintaoasGeneralSecretary,haveblazed