The-Hundred-Years-War-英法百年战争

BriefinformationThebackground4stagesofthewarTheresultsandinfluenceTheHundredYear’sWarTime:from1337to1453(116years)Place:TheFranceanditslowlandParticipants:TheKingdomofEnglandTheKingdomofFrancesubsequentjoiningofBurgundyResult:FrancegotthefinalvictoryMainleader:HarryVIandTheJeannedAreInfluence:FrancerecaptureditsterritoriesthedevelopmentofnewtacticsandweaponshaveasignificantimpactfortheformationofmodernnationalState10661485Themedievalage13371453Thehundredyear’swarWilliam…….HenryⅡRichardⅠConsolidatethefeudalismThebackgroundIn1154HenryⅡtheUnitedKingdom'srulerFrance'ssubjects(国民）LouisVIItheFrenchKingdidnotmeetanyobligationsasFrancenoblestriedeverywaytofightagainstHenry,regainedtheterritorybelongingtoFranceReasonsfortheoutbreakofwarIn1328,PhilipVIinheritedthethrone.KingEdwardIIIfoughtthesuccession.FranceoccupiedFlandersregion,KingEdwardIIIwasbannedtothewoolexports.therichestpartofEurope.ParticularlyinwooltextiletechnologyEdwardIIIreasonsgotridoftheruleofFranceKingandseekfreedomwantedtheUnitedKingdomtohelpthemagainstFranceUnitedKingdom(lion)wouldberegardedasFrance's(lily)ruler,FranceKingwasveryangry.thewarswerebrokeupbetweenUnitedKingdomandFrancefinally1337136013961428145813641415Timeline①②③④23Years32years13years30years⑤Thefirststage(1337-1360)November1337:EdwardIIIleadedthemilitarytoattackFrance,thewarbegan.1337-1360:EnglandandFrancefoughtforFlandersandKeane(基恩）.1340BattleofSluys(斯鲁伊斯海战)1346BattleofCrécy(克雷西会战）1348,stoppedbattlingfor10yearsbecauseoftheblackdeath1356,EnglandinvadedFranceagain,thekingofFrancewascaughtbyBlackPrinceEdward1360,FrancewasforcedtosigntheTreatyofBrétigny(布勒丁尼合约)TheblackdeathTreatyofBrétigny1.theEnglandemperorgaveuptherightofinheritance(纪承权)oftheFrenchemperor2.FrancegavelotsofFrenchterritoriestoEngland3.Francemustpayforagreatdealofmoneytoransomed(赎回)JéanII.BlackPrinceEdwardThesecondstage(1364-1396）1364,theCharlieVwenttothethrone.Forrecapturingthelandlost,hereformedalot1369,CharlieVattackedEnglandforsometimesBertrandduGaiKelanistheleaderofmilitary.usedflexibletacticssuccessfullyinMontielBattle(蒙铁儿战役)1396,ThekingofTheunitedkingdomsigneda20-yeararmisticetreaty(二十年停战协定)withFrance.Englandonlykeptdownafewterritories.(halfoftheformer)Thethirdstage(1415-1429)InOctober,1428,EnglandinvadedOrléans(奥尔良),Frenchpeopleraisedguerrillas(游击队)tofightagainsttheinvaders.Thewarhadbecomeanationalliberationmovement(民族解放运动).AgincourtBattle（阿金库尔战役）In1415,FrancewasunderdomesticcontradictionEnglandseizedtheopportunity(乘机)toinvadeFranceagain.In1420,CharlieⅥsignedTreatyofTroyes(特鲁瓦条约)Theforthstage(1429-1453)Jeanned'Arc(圣女贞德)ledtheFrencharmytodefeattheinvaders,andgotlotsofvictories.In1558,FrancerecapturedCalais(加莱）,whichwasthelastpointofEnglandinContinentalEurope(欧洲大陆).Untilthismoment,HundredYearsWarsended,andFrancegotthefinalvictory.Jeanned'Arc•militarist(军事家）saint(圣女）asymboloffreedom.•Whenshewasjust17yearsold,sheledthearmytofightagainsttheinvaders.Underherlead,Francerecapturedmostofterritoris,settlingthebaseoffinalvictory.•On30thMay,1431,Jeanned‘Arcwasboundtothestakeandburnttodeath,whenshewasjust19yearsold.Jeanned'ArcJeannewascaughtBeforethepunishmentTheresultsandinfluence(锁子甲）wasreplacedby（板甲）•Gunpowder(火药）andcannon(火炮）playedsignificantrolesasearlyas1375.•Thelastbattleofthewar,wasthefirstbattleinEuropeanhistoryinwhichartillery(大炮）wasthedecidingfactor.Theresultsandinfluence•disastrous(economy)poverty.•Twoseparatenationswerebornafterthewar.ThewarhelpedtodevelopEnglishnationalidentityaswellasFrenchnationalidentity.•Bothofthecountriesbecamethecentralizedcountriesbecauseoftheneedofthehundredyears’war,whichwasbeneficialfortheirfuturedevelopment.