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------Unit1LifeisalearningcurveListeningtotheworldSharingScriptsH=Hina;W1=Woman1,etc.;M1=Man1,etc.Part1H:Ihaveafull-timejobbutIlikelearningnewthingsinmysparetime.Atthemoment,I’mstudyingSpanish.I’menjoyingitbutI’mfindingitquitedifficult.Todayweaboutlearningnewthings.’reaskiPart2W1:I’mlearningtospeakanotherlanguage,actually.I’mlearningFrench.I’malsolearnidrive.W2:I’mlearningtoplaygolfatthemoment.Um,myhusbandandmysonplaygolf,andwhenwegoonholiday,IfeelthatIwanttobeabletoplaywiththem.W3:I’mlearningtospeakSpanish.W4:IamlearningArabic.M1:Well,I’vebeenlearningtoplaytheguitarforabout50yearsnow.Andit’saconstansostilllearningbits,yes.W5:I’mlearningyogaatthemoment,andI’mfindingitquitehard.M2:ThecoursesI’mtakingare,aretrainingcoursesforleadership,er,negotiation,(and)evaluation.M3:I’mlearningSwahili.W6:Atthemoment,I’mlearningtopaintanddrawineveningclassesforadults.W7:I’mstudyingpart-timeafterwork.M4:I’veer,justlearnedhowtoer,doalotofkayaking.W8:Iamlearninghowtodesignawebsiteatthemoment.W9:I’minachoirsosinging,Iguess,isprettymuchtheonlythingI’mdoingatthemomeM5:Atthemoment,I’mtakingupanewinstrument.It’satraditionalinstrumentfromZimbabwe,andit’scalledthembira.Er,letmeshowyou.Part3H:What’sthemostdifficultthingyou’veeverlearned?M5:Patience,Ithink.W4:Arabic.M2:Courage.W3:Learningalanguageisparticularlydifficultformyself(me),soprobablylearningtheSpanish.W6:ThemostdifficultthingIhaveeverlearnedisMandarinChinese.IdiditineveningclassesafewyearsagoandIfounditreally,reallydifficult.W5:Probablycapoeira,whichisaBraziliandance,martialart,fightthing.It’sacombinationofofthesethings.Andyes,thatwasverydifficultbecausetherewerelotsofunusualbodymovementstolearn.W1:Learningtodrivewasthemostdifficultthing.M3:Well,IlearnedsomeSanskrit,andthat’sgotum,ninecases,twomorethanLatin.It’difficultbymoststandards.------M4:IthinkIfoundFrenchveryhardatschool.W2:Um,Ilearnedtoplaythetrumpetatschool.Thatwasprettydifficult.Er...andmaybelearningtodrive.Ihatedlearningtodrive.ListeningScriptsP=presenter;S=SallyP:Hi.You’relisteningAsktotheExpertandintoday’sprogramwe’retalkingaboutlanguagesandhowtolearnalanguage.OurexperttodayisSallyParker,whoisateacher.HiSally.S:Hello.P:Sally,ourfirstquestiontodayisfromAndy.Hesays,“I’vejuststartedlearningEnglish.MyproblemisthatI’mtoofrightenedtospeak.Mygrammarisnotverygood,soI’mworriedaboutsayingthewrongthing.”HaveyougotanyadviceforAndy?S:OK.Well,thefirstthingisIthinkAndyshouldpracticespeakingtohimself.P:Speakingtohimself?I’mnotsurethat’sagoodidea.S:Iknowitsoundssilly,buttalkingtoyourselfinaforeignlanguageisareallygoodwaytopractice.Youdon’thavetofeelembarrassed,becausenobodycanhearyou.Youcantalktoyourselfaboutanythingyoulike–whatyouhadforbreakfast,whereyou’regoingfortheweekend–anything.Andthemoreyoudoit,themoreyouwillgetusedtohearingyourownvoiceandyourpronunciation,soyouwon’tfeelsofrightenedintheclassroom.Andyshouldtryit.P:Hm,Isupposeso.Anythingelse?Whatabouthisgrammar?S:HehasonlyjuststartedlearningEnglish,soheisgoingtomakelotsofmistakes,butthataproblem.That’showhe’lllearn.Andyshouldn’tworryaboutmakingmistakes.P:You’rightre.SoAndy,trytalkingtoyourself,anddon’tworryaboutmakingmistakes.OurnextproblemcomesfromOliviainBrazil.Sheisworriedaboutpronunciation.Shesays,“TheproblemisIcan’tunderstandnativespeakers.TheyspeaksofastandIcanunderstandtheir’tpronunciation.”SoSally,anyideasforOlivia?S:Well,firstofallit’sagoodideaforhertopracticeherlisteningskills.SheshouldlistentoEnglishasmuchaspossibletogetusedtohowitsounds.Listentothenews,listentopodcasts,(and)watchEnglishtelevision.S:Andanotherthingsheshoulddoistofocusonlisteningandreadingatthesametime.IfyoulistentosomethingontheInternet,youcanoftenreadthetranscript.Ifyoulistenandreadatthesametime,it’llhelpyouseewhatthewordssoundlikeandhowthewordssoundwhenanativespeakeristalking.P:Great.Thankyou,Sally.Well,huh,I’mafraidthat’sallwehavetimefortoday,butnextweekwe’llbe⋯ViewingScriptsN=Narrator;I=IanDeary;W1=Woman1,etc.;M1=Man1,etc.N:RecentresearchintothehistoryofIQtestsinScotlandsuggestsyourIQscoremightpredict,toanextentatleast,yourhealthandevenyourlifeexpectancy.W1:Youhave45minutestodothetest,OK?M1:OK.------N:BillandDavinaare79yearsold.Thisisthesecondtimethey’vedonethistest.Thefirsttimewasin1932,whenevery11-year-oldinScotlandwasputthroughanintelligencetest.It’sthonlytimethiskindofmasstestinghaseverbeendoneintheUK.TheresultswererediscoveredrecentlyinanEdinburghbasement.Ifyouwanttoknowhowourintelligencechangesaswegetolder,theseresultsareapotentialgoldmine.I:Webroughthundredsofpeoplebackandwegotthemtosittheexactsametestthattheyhadsatwhentheywereaged11.Now,thesepeoplearenow79or80yearsold.Wegavethesameinstructions.Wegavethesametest.Andwegavethesametimelimit.N:Thereweresomeintriguingresults.Almosteveryonehadabetterscoreat80thantheydidat11.Butsomehadgonefrombeingjustaveragelyintelligenttoamuchhigherlevel.I:Now,that’swhatreallydrivesourresearch.We’reinterestedin:Whyhavethosepeoplewhogone(peoplegone)fromIQ100,atage11,upto110or120?Whathavetheydoneright?Whatcanbetherecipeforsuccessfulaging?We’refindingthatthep