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1Unit24SocietySectionⅠWarmup&Lesson1课时语法精讲KESHIYUFAJINGJIANG[语法·预备役]下面是表示“劝告”的两组表达方式，说出哪组用于书面语，哪组用于口语A．should/oughtto/insist/demand/suggest/it'shightimethat...B．It'sabouttimethat.../IfIwereyou.../I'dratheryou.../Ithinkyoushould.../You'dbetter...答案：A组用于书面语，B组用于口语。[语法·讲座]英语中表示“劝告”的书面语和口语表达方式在正式的英语书面语和非正式的英语口语中，常用不同方式来告知人们我们认为他们该做什么。一、英语书面语在进行正式书面表达时，下列表达方式可以强化“建议”。2注意：(1)suggest作“建议”讲，宾语从句用虚拟语气；若作“暗示，表明”讲，则用陈述语气。(2)insist作“坚持认为、坚持说”讲时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。只有当insist作“坚持(要求)，坚持(应该)”讲时宾语从句才用虚拟语气。①TheArabinsistedthathehadneverseenthecamelandthathe(should)notbepunishedforitslost.那个阿拉伯人坚持说他从未见过那头骆驼，并且坚持自己不该因为骆驼的丢失而受到惩罚。②Jane'spalefacesuggestedthatshewasill,andherfathersuggestedthatshe(should)haveamedicalexamination.简苍白的脸色表明她生病了，她父亲建议她做一下医学检查。⊙强化印证1用所给动词适当形式填空31．Idemandthatoneofyou____________(go)thereatonce.答案：(should)go2．It'shightimethatyou____________(start)rightnow.答案：(should)start/started3．Hegaveordersthathismen____________(start)immediately.答案：(should)start4．Thedoctorinsistedthathe____________(be)rightandheinsistedthatthepatient____________(send)tohospitalatonce.答案：was;(should)besent5．It'ssuggestedthatalab____________(build)inthisschool.答案：(should)bebuilt二、英语口语跟熟人交谈时用下列表达方式可以使“建议”听上去不生硬，具有试探性。IfIwereyou,Iwould...IfIwereyou,Iwouldacceptthejobatonce.如果我是你，我会立即接受这份工作。Ithinkyoushould...IthinkyoushouldstudyEnglishwellbeforegoingabroad.我认为你在出国之前应该把英语学好。Ithinkyououghtto...Ithinkyououghttotellyourhusbandyou'repregnant.我想你应该告诉你丈夫你怀孕了。三、用下列方式可以强硬地对某人批评、责怪或提出建议，使用这种方式常具有权威性。Iwouldrather...后跟从句，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用一般过去时表示当时或将来要做的事，用过去完成时表示过去做的事I'dratheryoumetherattheairporttomorrowmorning.我希望你明天早上能到机场去接她。I'dratheryouhadn'ttoldhimthenewsthatday.我真希望你那天没有把那个消息告诉他。You'dbetter...后跟不带to的不定式。否定形式把not放在hadbetter的后面You'dbetterputonmoreclothestoday.今天你最好多穿点衣服。⊙强化印证24翻译句子1．是你该刻苦学习的时候啦。________________________________________________答案：It'sabout/hightimeyoushouldstudyhard/studiedhard.2．如果我是你，我会买这辆车的。________________________________________________答案：IfIwereyou/WereIyou,Iwouldbuythiscar.3．你最好立即给她打电话。________________________________________________答案：You'dbettercallher(up)/ringher/telephoneheratonce/immediately/rightnow.4．我宁愿你还没告诉她真相。________________________________________________答案：Iwouldratheryouhadn'ttoldherthetruth.5．我认为你应该先向他道歉。________________________________________________答案：Ithinkthatyoushould/oughttoapologize/makeanapologytohimfirst.[考点·研讨]1．Wewouldratherourdaughter____________(stay)athomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.答案研讨：stayed考查虚拟语气。句意：我们真希望女儿和我们一起呆在家里。但这是她的选择，她不再是个孩子了。wouldrather...that...句型中，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气形式。谓语动词用一般过去时表示当时或将来要做的事，用过去完成时表示过去做的事。由句中的两个is可知，应是现在的情况，故用一般过去时。判断动词发生的时间是解决这道题的关键。2.—IsAnnecomingtomorrow?—Idon'tthinkso.Ifshe____________(come),shewouldhavecalledme.答案研讨：weretocome/shouldcome考查虚拟语气。句意：——Anne明天来吗？——我认为不会。如果她来的话，她就会给我打电话了。由语境可知，此空是对将来的虚拟，所以用weretodo或shoulddo表示虚拟。判断出动词发生在什么时间，是做此题的关键。3.Mymomsuggeststhatwe____________eatoutforachangethisweekend.答案研讨：should句意：我妈妈建议我们应该换换口味，这个周末出去吃饭。本题考查虚拟语气。题干中的suggests是解题的标志词，它后面的宾语从句需用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用(should)do的形式。54.Eyedoctorsrecommendthatachild'sfirsteyeexam____________attheageofsixmonthsold.答案研讨：(should)be句意：眼科医生建议孩子的第一次眼睛检查应该在六个月的时候(进行)。本题考查虚拟语气。动词recommend(建议)后加宾语从句，宾语从句的谓语形式为：动词原形或should＋动词原形。5．ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI________(do)it?答案研讨：haddone'句意：是约翰打坏的窗户，你为什么和我说呢？好像是我打坏的一样。本题考查虚拟语气。第一句已经说明是John打坏的窗户，所以第二句中asif后面要用虚拟语气，而且是对过去的虚拟，故填haddone。[达标·演练]Ⅰ.翻译句子1．如果我是你，我要重新考虑他的建议。________________________________________________答案：IfIwereyou,Iwouldreconsiderhisproposal.2．下次你应该更小心才是。_________________________________________________答案：Yououghtto/shouldbemorecarefulnexttime.3．他们建议立即采取措施。_________________________________________________答案：Theyadvised/suggestedthatsteps(should)betakenatonce.4．我认为你应该到大公司去申请一份工作。_________________________________________________答案：Ithinkyoushould/oughttoapplyforajobinabigcompany.5．他们坚持让他立刻开始工作。_________________________________________________答案：Theyinsistedthathe(should)begintheworkatonce.6．到了我们去图书馆的时候了。________________________________________________答案：It'shightimethatwewent/shouldgotothelibrary.7．我宁愿你自己付钱。________________________________________________答案：I'dratheryoupaidthemoneyyourself.8．我希望你昨天来演讲。6________________________________________________答案：Iwishyouhadcometothelectureyesterday.9．老师命令所有的孩子准时到这。________________________________________________答案：Theteacherorderedthatallthestudents(should)behereontime.10．你最好在这方面给他一些建议。______________________________________________答案：You'dbettergivehimsomeadviceonit.Ⅱ.单句语法填空(不多于3个单词)1．Mike'sfather,aswellashismother,insistedthathe____________(stay)athome.答案：(should)stayinsist(坚持要求)后宾语从句用(should)do的虚拟形式。2．Itwasorderedthatnosmoking____________(allow)inthelibrary,whichmadethesmokersunhappy.答案：(should)beallowedorder“命令”，其后的从句用(should)do的虚拟形式。3．—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner'sgoingtobecompletelyruined.—Iwishthey____________(not)alwayslate.答案：weren'twish后跟that从句，从句部分采用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反的用一般过去时，与过去事实相反的采用过去完成时。本题表示与现在事实相反，所以用一般过去时。答语句意为：我希望他们不要总是迟到。4．Althoughyou____________findbargainsinLondon