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1EvaluationWarning:ThedocumentwascreatedwithSpire.Docfor.NET.课时阅读训练九Period1Introduction&ReadingandVocabulary文本研读课Ⅰ.阅读理解AWhatdoliterarygreatsSirArthurConanDoyleandRobertBurnshaveincommon?TheybothlivedandwroteinEdinburgh,alongwithmanyotherbignamesinthefieldofliterature.ThisfacthelpedUNESCO(联合国教科文组织)awardthecitythetitleofWorld’sFirstCityofLiteratureonOctober14.EdinburghleftalastingimpressiononArthurConanDoyle(1859-1930).AlthoughhewasborntherehewenttoschoolinEnglandbutreturnedhomeformedicalschool.AftergraduatinghemovedtoLondonandbeganwritinghisSherlockHolmesstories.Hisinspirationforthecharactercamefromoneofhisprofessorsatuniversity.Holmes’methodsweresocleverthattheyactuallyfurtheredtheadvanceofthestudyofcriminology(犯罪学).RobertBurns(1759-1796)isstillregardedasScotland’snationalpoet,morethan200yearsafterhisdeath.HeiscelebratedallovertheworldthroughtranslationsofhisworkandtheannualBurnsNightsupperonhisbirthday.Oneofhissongs,MyLoveisLikeaRedRedRoseranksamongthefinestlovesongseverwrittenandAuldLangSyne(友谊地久天长)issungallaroundtheworld.AsoneofthefirstliteratesocietiesinEurope,theScottishParliamentpassedtheworld’sfirstcompulsory(义务)educationlawin1496.Bythe1790s,almostallScotscouldread.VisitorstoScotlandoftenobservedthateventhelowestmembersofsocietyhadcopiesofBurns’poemsandotherbooks.【语篇概述】本文简单介绍了苏格兰的文坛巨匠亚瑟·科南·道尔和罗伯特·伯恩斯以及苏格兰产生众多文学巨匠的历史渊源。1.EdinburghwasawardedthetitleofWorld’sFirstCityofLiteraturebecause.2A.thefirstawardceremonyofliteraturewasheldthereB.manyliterarygreatslikeSirArthurConanDoyleandRobertBurnswerebornthereC.itleftadeepimpressiononmanyliterarygreatslikeSirArthurConanDoyleD.manyliterarygreatslikeSirArthurConanDoyleandRobertBurnsoftenwroteaboutit【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据短文第一段所表述的:文坛巨匠亚瑟·科南·道尔和罗伯特·伯恩斯和文学界的其他一些名人一样,他们两人都出生在爱丁堡,笔耕于爱丁堡。在这座城市里诞生了许许多多的作家,正因为这浓郁的书香,联合国教科文组织于10月14日把“世界首座文学之城”的荣誉授予了爱丁堡。2.ArthurConanDoylewasrememberedmainlyforhis.A.detectivestoriesB.lovepoemsandsongsC.contributiontothestudyofcriminologyD.cleverwritingskills【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据短文第二段中的内容:亚瑟·科南·道尔创作了福尔摩斯故事系列,其探案方法被描绘得非常奇妙,这让犯罪学研究也获益匪浅,得到了进一步的发展。由此推理他是以“侦探小说”而出名。3.InhonourofRobertBurns,.A.MyLoveisLikeaRedRedRoseandAuldLangSynearesungallaroundtheworldB.hisworksaretranslatedintomanylanguageseveryyearC.acelebrationisheldmorethan200yearsafterhisdeathD.acelebrationisheldeveryyearonhisbirthday【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“HeiscelebratedallovertheworldthroughtranslationsofhisworkandtheannualBurnsNightsupperonhisbirthday.”一句可知:每年,人们在他的诞辰日举行“伯恩斯之夜”晚宴,以示纪念。4.Inthelastparagraph,thewritermainlydiscussed.A.theimpressionofvisitorstoScotlandB.howBurns’poemsarepopularinScotlandC.thepossiblehistoryreasonsformanyliterarygreatsinScotlandD.howtheworld’sfirstcompulsoryeducationlawwasmade3【解析】选C。段落大意题。根据最后一段所表述的意义:苏格兰之所以产生这么多的文学巨匠有其历史渊源。短文中列举了三个细节,苏格兰议会于1496年通过了世界上第一个义务教育法案。到18世纪90年代的时候,几乎所有的苏格兰人都能识字了。许多去苏格兰游览的人发现,就连苏格兰的市井小民也在读着伯恩斯的诗以及其他一些书。BAreportfromtheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciences’Commissionrevealsthat,duetoajobmarketwhichdisproportionatelyrewardsgraduatesinSTEM(science,technology,engineering,andmathematics)fields,moreandmorestudentsareseekingdegreesinbusinessandhard-sciencesubjects.Someinstitutionshaverespondedbycuttingbudgetsintheartsandhumanitiesanddirectingthosefundselsewhere.That’sthewrongthingtodo.Thehumanitiesstudyoflanguages,literature,history,philosophy,religion,ethics,etc.andtheartsarevitaltoourfuture.Weshouldbeinvestingmorefunds,moretimeandmoreexpertise,notless,intotheseendeavors.Whatdetractors(诋毁者)ofthe“soft”subjectsmissisthattheartsandhumanitiesprovideanessentialframeworkandcontextforunderstandingthewiderworld.Studyingthehumanitiesstrengthenstheabilitytocommunicateandworkwithothers.Itallowsstudentstodevelopbroadintellectualandculturalunderstanding;itnurturescreativityanddeepensparticipationinpublicdiscourseandmoderndemocracy.Thecommission’sreportpointsoutthat“attheverymomentwhenChinaisseekingtoadoptourmodelofbroadeducationinthehumanities,socialsciencesandnaturalsciencesasastimulustoinvention,theUnitedStatesisinsteadnarrowingourfocusandabandoningoursenseofwhateducationhasbeenandshouldcontinuetobeoursenseofwhatmakesAmericagreat.”Thesearethetellingstatistics:First,federalfundingforhelpingAmericanstudentsincludeinternationaltrainingintheireducationhasbeencut41percentinfouryears.Second,theNationalAssessmentofEducationalProgresstestshowsthatonlylessthanaquarterofeighth-and12th-gradeUSstudentsareproficientinreading,writingandcivics.4HowcanwepossiblyequiptheUSforitsleadershiproleinanincreasinglyconnectedworldifwearenotadequatelyteachingstudentstocommunicateandhelpingthemunderstandandencounterdiverseperspectives?Ifwefailtoinvestintheartsandhumanities,ourcountry’sfutureleaderswillnothavetheabilitytoconnectonanemotionallevelwithothers.Thisabilityisdevelopedbystudyingthehumanities,andintheglobalcommunitythisskillisnotoptional—it’sessential.Inaword,wemustenthusiasticallysupportandfundthestudyoftheartsandhumanities.Foranyoneconcernedwithhowthistranslatesintoasoundeconomyandasoundfinancialfuture,simplyrecallwhatSteveJobstoldgraduatesofStanfordUniversityin2005:Oneofthemostinfluent