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撰写日期：2013年5月20日本科生毕业论文（设计）题目国内电动汽车发展现状及趋势研究学院专业班级学生姓名指导教师摘要近年来，随着我国经济的迅猛发展，汽车保有量迅速增加，从而导致我国每年近一半的原油需要进口。过度依赖石油资源将制约我国经济的发展，甚至影响到国家利益和安全。建设资源节约、环境友好的和谐社会，倡导并鼓励研发、使用环保节能的新能源汽车，是世界汽车业发展的方向，也符合我们的国情。本文探讨了电动汽车发展的重要性，分析了电动汽车发展的机遇，揭示了电动汽车发展中存在的问题，了解了我国高度重视电动汽车发展的相关政策，结合我国电动汽车的发展现状研究提出了自己的一些建议。通过研究发现，虽然电动汽车产业发展前景良好，但在电动汽车的商业化运作上，无论从产品技术还是从市场开发方面,都还面临许多亟待解决的问题，这就需要政府的大力支持。也只有这样才能在大好形势下，把握机遇，开创电动汽车产业发展的新局面，在国际汽车产业转型过程中形成竞争优势，实现我国汽车产业由大变强和自主发展。关键词：电动汽车；混合动力；发展趋势；国内现状DomesticElectricVehicleDevelopmentPresentSituationandTrendofResearchAbstractThispaperdiscussestheimportanceofdevelopmentofelectriccar,andanalysetheopportunitiesofelectriccar,andfindsomeexistingproblems.Giventhedevelopmentstatusofourelectriccars,thecountryputsforwardthedevelopmentproblemofelectriccarandgivessomeadvice.Thepaperfirstlydiscussedtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofpureelectricvehicles,hybridelectricvehicleandfuelcellelectricvehicles.Italsodiscussedtheadvantagesandthedevelopmentofelectriccars.Thepaperhasagoodunderstandingofthereasonthatourcountryputsmoreimportancetoelectriccarsandrelatedpolicies.Inviewofthepresentdevelopmentofelectriccars.Thisarticlemakesapositiveoutlookaboutthefutureoftheelectriccar：adheretothethreeverticalandthreehorizontaldevelopmentlayoutandtheindustrializationofresearchanddevelopmentmode.Increasetheintensityofcharginginfrastructure,scientificandtechnologicalinnovation,andspeedupconstructionofinfrastructure.Speedupthetechnicalstandardsofresearch,andperfectthestandardsystemconstruction.Deepenthemodelpromotionandexplorethebusinessdrivingmode.Supporttoformindustrytechnologyinnovationalliance,undertakethetaskofscienceandtechnologyplan.Improvethepublicplatformandstrengthenthecultivationoftalent.Deepentheinternationaltechnicalexchangesandcooperation,promotingthedevelopmentofinternationalizationofelectriccars.KeyWords：ElectricCars;HybridPower;DevelopmentTendency;DomesticStatusQuo目录1引言.................................................................................................................12电动汽车概述.................................................................................................22.1电动汽车的定义和分类...............................................................................22.1.1电动汽车的定义.......................................................................................22.1.2电动汽车的分类.......................................................................................22.2电动汽车的历史..........................................................................................32.3电动汽车的优势..........................................................................................32.3.1环境污染小...............................................................................................32.3.2噪声低......................................................................................................42.3.3高效率.......................................................................................................42.3.4结构简单，使用维修方便，经久耐用......................................................52.3.5使用范围广，不受所处环境影响.............................................................52.3.6排放的废热少............................................................................................52.3.7可回收利用的能量多................................................................................52.3.8可以改善能源结构、解决汽车的替代能源问题.......................................53国内电动汽车的发展现状..............................................................................63.1我国为何高度重视电动汽车........................................................................63.2我国政府对电动汽车的政策与支持............................................................63.3国内电动汽车发展现状...............................................................................74国内电动汽车存在的问题及发展趋势...........................................................94.1存在的问题..................................................................................................94.1.1技术障碍及产业赢利压力大....................................................................94.1.2电动汽车消费所需求的基础配套设施差距很大....................................104.1.3消费观念有待更新.................................................................................104.1.4电动汽车对环境的间接污染..................................................................104.1.5电动汽车价格昂贵.................................................................................114.2发展趋势....................................................................................................114.2.1纯蓄电池驱动的超微型汽车...................................................................114.2.2驱动电机呈多样性发展..........................................................................124.2.3混合动力汽车..........................................................................................124.2.4燃料电池汽车成为竞争的焦点...............................................................125加快我国电动汽车发展的措施建议............................................................135.1率先在政府和各行政事业单位使用电动汽车...........................................135.2由政府主导，加大电动汽车消费环境相关配套基础设施建设................135.3加快建立电动汽车相关国家标准，使产业发展更