XXXX14战略管理

1LogisticsStrategyLogisticsStrategy&Planning&PlanningDr.Dr.JianJianWANGWANGManagementSchool,ShanghaiUniversityManagementSchool,ShanghaiUniversityOffice:Room429;Email:Office:Room429;Email:[e-mail]@shu.edu.cnNov.28,20118:00-11:30Room1122Outline•Conceptionsonlogisticsstrategy•Theoryonoperationsstrategy3KeywordsonConception•BuzzwordsonLogisticsandSCM–Physicaldistribution,–Logistics,–Integratedpurchasingstrategy,–integratedlogistics,supplierintegration,–buyersupplierpartnerships,–supplybasemanagement,–strategicsupplieralliances,–supplychainsynchronization–supplychainmanagement4Logistics•Physicaldistribution–Themovementofmaterial/goods•Logistics:–Inbound(focus)andoutboundlogistics,–Inboundlogisticsfocuson•Warehousing•Inventorymanagement–Contents:•Physicaldistribution•Organizationperformanceimprovementbasedonmethods,i.e.,informationtechnology•IntegratedLogistics:–Anintegratedlogisticssystemencompassestheintegrationofprocesses,systemsandorganizationsthatcontrolthemovementofgoodsfromthesupplierstoasatisfiedcustomerwithoutwaste(Ellram,1991).MaterialflowInformationFlowFinanceFlowKeahChoonTan(2001)AframeworkofsupplychainmanagementliteratureEuropeanJournalofPurchasing&SupplyManagement7(2001)39-48+5SCM-Abroaddefinition•Abroaddefinitionbasedonthevaluechain–ScottandWestbrook(1991)andNewandPayne(1995)describesupplychainmanagementasthechainlinkingeachelementofthemanufacturingandsupplyprocessfromrawmaterialsthroughtotheenduser,encompassingseveralorganizationalboundaries.–Supplychainmanagementappearstotreatallorganizationswithinthevaluechainasaunified&virtualbusiness'entity.KeahChoonTan(2001)AframeworkofsupplychainmanagementliteratureEuropeanJournalofPurchasing&SupplyManagement7(2001)39-486ActivitiesinLogistics/SCM•Anintegratedlogisticssystem:–Inventorymanagement,–Vendorrelationships,–Transportation,–Distribution,–Warehousing–Deliveryservices•SCMactivities,suchas–Planning,–Productdesignanddevelopment,–Sourcing,–Manufacturing,–fabrication,–assembly,–transportation,–warehousing,–distribution,and–postdeliverycustomersupport.KeahChoonTan(2001)AframeworkofsupplychainmanagementliteratureEuropeanJournalofPurchasing&SupplyManagement7(2001)39-487SCM-Narrowerdefinition•ThenarrowerdefinitionofSCM:–Theintegrationofthevariousfunctionalareas(criticaltotheperformance)withinanorganizationtoenhancetheflowofgoodsfromimmediatestrategicsuppliersthroughmanufacturinganddistributionchaintotheenduser(Houlihan,1987,1988).•AoriginaldefinitionofSCM–SCMemergesfromthetransportationandlogisticsliteratureofthewholesalingandretailingindustry,emphasizingtheimportanceofphysicaldistributionandintegratedlogistics.•Physicaltransformationoftheproductsisnotacriticalcomponentofthisdefinitionofsupplychainmanagement.Thisisprobablywherethetermsupplychainmanagementwasoriginallyused(Lamming,1996).KeahChoonTan(2001)AframeworkofsupplychainmanagementliteratureEuropeanJournalofPurchasing&SupplyManagement7(2001)39-488Logistics&SCM•ThreetypesofdefinitionofSCM–1,SCMmaybeusedasahandysynonymtodescribethepurchasingandsupplyactivitiesofmanufacturers.–2,SCMmaybeusedtodescribethetransportationandlogisticsfunctionsofthemerchantsandretailers.–3,SCMmaybeusedtodescribeallthevalue-addingactivitiesfromtherawmaterialsextractortotheendusers,andincludingrecycling.KeahChoonTan(2001)AframeworkofsupplychainmanagementliteratureEuropeanJournalofPurchasing&SupplyManagement7(2001)39-489AframeworkinResearchKeahChoonTan(2001)AframeworkofsupplychainmanagementliteratureEuropeanJournalofPurchasing&SupplyManagement7(2001)39-4810LogisticsStrategy:Background•Logisticalcompetenciesthatenhancecustomerserviceanddecreasebottom-linecostsareincreasinglyviewedbyworld-classfirmsascornerstonesofbusinessstrategiesaimedatachievingasustainableadvantageovercompetitors–Toimpactpurchase/repurchaseintentions–Toretaincurrentcustomersandtorecruitnewones•Logistics-providedservicedimensions–Deliveryreliability,–Timeliness,–Orderaccuracy,–Advanceshipmentnotification,–Flexibilityinrespondingtooperationalordemandfunctuations•FirmCompetence–Firm'smarketshare–ROI–ProfitabilitystrategiclogisticscapabilitiesMorash,E.A.,DroÈge,C.L.M.andVickery,S.K.(1996)Strategiclogisticscapabilitiesforcompetitiveadvantage.JournalofBusinessLogistics17(1),1±22.Langley,C.J.,Jr,Novack,R.A.andRinehart,L.M.(1995)CreatingLogisticsValue:ThemesfortheFuture.CouncilofLogisticsManagement,OakBrook,IL.11LogisticsStrategy:Background•StrategicLogisticsCapabilities–Demand-orientedfunctions•Pre-andpost-salecustomerservice•Deliveryspeed,•Deliveryreliability•Responsivenesstotargetmarkets;–Supply-orientedcapabilities•Distributioncoverageand•CostMorash,E.A.,DroÈge,C.L.M.andVickery,S.K.(1996)Strategiclogisticscapabilitiesforcompetitiveadvantage.JournalofBusinessLogistics17(1),1-22.•World-classLogisticsCompetencies–Positioning•Theselectionofstrategicandstructuralapproachestoguidelogisticaloperations;–Integration•Concernedwithtechniquesusedinachievinginternallogisticaloperatingexcellenceanddevelopmentofexternalsupplychainrelationships;–Agility,•Ameasureofafirm's