银行准入电子监管评价指标体系设计

I摘要自20世纪90年代以来，全球范围内的银行频频发生亏损倒闭，各国根据实际的金融现状并吸取历史教训，纷纷制定出一系列的银行监管制度及措施。由于我国基本国情及金融方式有着特殊性，银行倒闭案很少发生。但是在经济、金融日益开放的进程中，随着互联网及网络金融的发展，我国面临着很多银行体系和金融安全的问题，对银行的监管也不容忽视。我国的金融改革在不断深化，金融监管方式也在持续地完善，商业银行资产在全部金融机构资产中占有一半以上，同时证券市场又是资本市场的主体，这两者都因其本身的内在不稳定性或脆弱性而蕴藏着巨大金融风险，可能由此引发银行危机，威胁到中国银行体系的安全性。作为防范银行风险的第一道关口，银行准入监管是保证银行业安全与稳定发展的有效预防措施，是国家对银行业市场监管的重要工具。研究出一套完整科学的银行准入评价指标体系可以改进银行准入监管的手段，提高银行准入监管的有效性。面对中国银行业整体竞争力不强的条件，国家更需要对银行业的准入进行干预。一个良好的银行准入监管体制能够有效地选择合格的机构从事银行经营活动，创造一个高效率和富有竞争性的银行经营环境，对有效的防止一些不必要的风险，很好的保障银行业务的发展和深化，便于监管机构进行随机监控和审核有着重要的意义。本文则是在以往银行准入监管法律法规的研究基础上，对银行准入监管进行了更加深入的研究。首先详细介绍了银行监管、银行准入监管和银行电子监管的内容；其次通过分析银行准入监管的条件要求，选取相对重要的指标，将指标细化分层，构建出银行准入电子监管评价指标体系层次结构；接着通过层次分析法算法并设计出算法函数，使用MATLAB工具对指标进行排序权重计算和一致性检验，从而完成银行准入电子监管评价指标体系的构建；最后将本文构建的银行准入电子监管评价指标体系进行应用，利用计算机软件和设计语言设计出一个银行准入电子监管指标评价计算窗口，通过对各指标评分，综合分析评价银行准入条件等级，真正实现银行准入监管的方式创新——监管电子化。关键词：银行监管；银行电子监管；银行准入监管；指标体系；层次分析法；IIAbstractSincethe1990s,banksworldwidetakealossevengobankruptfrequently,accordingtotheactualfinancialsituationanddrawlessonsfromhistory,countrieshaveworkedoutaseriesofbankingsupervisionsystemsandmeasures.BecauseChina'sbasicnationalconditionsandfinancialhavetheirpeculiarities,bankfailuresinthecaserarelyoccurs.ButinaneconomicandfinancialincreasinglyopeningprocessandwiththeInternetandonlinefinancialdevelopment,Chinaisfacingmanyproblemsofthebankingsystemandfinancialsecurity,bankingsupervisioncannotbeignored.Inchina,thefinancialreformiscontinuallydeepening,thewayoffinancialregulationisalsopersistentlyimproving,however,commercialbank'assetsoccupymorethanhalfoftheassetsofallfinancialinstitutions,simultaneously,thestockmarketisthemainbodyofthecapitalmarket,bothofthemarecontaininghugefinancialriskbecauseofitstheinherentinstabilityorvulnerability,thus,itcanleadtobankcrises,andthreatenthesecurityoftheChinesebanksystem.Asthefirstpassagainstbankingrisk,bankingentrysupervisionisaneffectivepreventivemeasureofensuringbankingsecurityandstabilityindevelopment,isanimportanttoolofthestatesupervisingthebankingmarket.Developedacomplete,scientificevaluationindexsystemofbankingentrysupervision,canimprovethemeansofbankingentrysupervision;canimprovetheeffectivenessofbankingentrysupervision.InChina,facingofbankingwholecompetitivenessadversecondition,interveneinthebankentryisevenmoreurgent.Agoodbankaccessregulationsystemishelpforselectingqualifiedinstitutionsengagedinthebank'sbusinessactivitieseffectively;helpforcreatingamoreefficientandcompetitiveBanksoperatingenvironment;helpforpreventingtheriskofunnecessary;goodforbusinessdevelopmentanddeepening;andimportanttofacilitateregulatorsmonitoringandauditingbankings.Basedonthepreviouslawsandregulationsofbankingentrysupervision,thispaperisamorein-depthstudyonbankingentrysupervision.Atfirst,thepaperintroducesthecontentsofBankingSupervision,BankingentrysupervisionandBankingelectronicsupervision;secondly,thepaperanalysestherequirementsofbankingentrysupervision,selectsmoreimportantrelativelyindicators,analysestheseindicators’stratification,andbuildsthehierarchicalstructureoftheevaluationindexsystemofbankingentryelectronicsupervision;subsequently,thepaperdesignsanAHPalgorithmfunction,calculatesindexesweightandchecksconsistencybydrawingsupportfromMATLABIIItools,thuscompletestheconstructionoftheevaluationindexsystemofbankingentryelectronicsupervision;finally,thepaperappliestheevaluationindexsystemofbankingentryelectronicsupervisionwhichhasbeenbuild,designsacalculationwindowforevaluatingbankingentryelectronicsupervisionindexesbydrawingsupportfromcomputersoftwareandlanguage,scoresontheindex,analysesandevaluatestheclassofbankingentryrequirementscomprehensively,achievestheinnovationtothewayofbankingentrysupervision—electronicsupervision.Keywords:BankingSupervision;Bankingelectronicsupervision;Bankingentrysupervision;Indexsystem;Analytichierarchyprocess;IV目录绪论.....................................................................................................................................1一、研究背景及选题意义..........................................................................................1（一）本题的研究背景.......................................................................................1（二）选题的意义...............................................................................................2二、国内外相关研究..................................................................................................3（一）国外相关研究...........................................................................................3（二）国内相关研究...........................................................................................4三、本文的研究思路及主要内容..............................................................................7第一章理论概述...............................................................................................................91.1银行电子监管理论概述........................................................................................91.1.1银行监管的定义..........................................................................................91.1.2银行监管的目标................................