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U21.poem诗，诗歌，韵文--poetry(uncountable)诗，诗歌--poetic诗的，诗意的--poet诗人apoem=apieceofpoetry2.Thesunstartsshining.阳光开始照耀。Shine-shined/shone—shined/shoneThesunshinesbrightly.阳光明媚Shiny光亮的，闪亮的shiny—shinier---shiniest3，Startdoingsth.开始做某事Shestartedlaughing.getstarted=begindoing开始，着手，动手Itisnearlyteno’clock.Let’sgetstearted.tostartwith=tobeginwith首先，第一Eg.Tostartwith，yoursuggestionisworthconsidering.首先，你的意见值得考虑。4，Flowersstartopening.Openadj/v/advAdj.开放的，敞开的，思想开明的Theflowersareallopennow.现在花都开了intheopenair在野外，在户外Iamopentosuggestionsforwhatyouwouldliketodoinmyclass.我很乐意听听你们对我课堂活动的建议v.打开，开始营业，花绽放Theflowersstartopening.Whattimedoesthebankopen?这家银行什么时候开门opening(countable)孔，洞，缺口，开端openinghours营业时间openingceremony开业典礼5，现在进行时表将来，谓语动词常常是一些瞬间动词，例如come,go,arrive,leave,start,get等Iamleaving.我要走了比较：Sheisreadinganovel.(延续性动词)Thetrainisleavingsoon.(瞬间动词)endv/nv结束，终止n结束，结尾，结局，末端（countable）endwithsth.以……告终，Theyendedtheplaywithasong.他们以一首歌结束了这出戏。endinfailure以失败告终Theenemy’sattackendedinfailure.endup最终成为……，最后处于……+doing/adjSheendedupteachinginasmallvillage.她最终在一个小村里教书Ifhecarriesondrivinglikethat,hewillendupdead.如果他继续那样开车的话，他最终会一命呜呼的nintheend=atlast=finally最终，最后Hesucceededintheend.attheendof在……的尽头Youcanfindtheshopattheendofthestreet.Makeendsmeet收支平衡，（勉强维持生计）Manyfamiliesstruggletomakeendsmeet.很多家庭只能勉强维持生计cometoanend终结，结束Themeetingcametoanendatlast.会议最终结束了ahappyending美满的结局endless无止境的，无穷无尽的Shewastedendlesshoursplayingcomputergames.她把无尽的时间都浪费在打电脑游戏上3.Thetemperatureisdropping.takeone’stemperature给某人测量体温Drop-droppeddropped—dropping下降，落下，减少TheunemploymentrateinShanghaihasdroppedgreatlyinthepastthreemonths.在过去的三个月里上海的失业率下降了很多。dropout逐出，脱离，不再参加dropoutofschool辍学n.滴，水珠dropsofrain雨滴=raindrops4.Whatdoesspringmakeyouthinkof?春天然你想到了什么makesb.dosth.使（让）某人做某事改成被动：要加上“to”Sbis/wasmadetodosth.Hismothermadehimdoalotofhomework.=Hewasmadetodoalotofhomeworkbyhismother.makea/muchnoise制造噪音makeup组成，构成，化妆，编造，弥补，和解makeupwithsb.和某人和解,和好makeupastory编故事bemadeupof由……组成，构成bemadeof由……做成的Thetableismadeofwood.这张桌子是木头做的think---thought—thoughtthinkof想到，想起thinkover仔细思考thinktwice三思，反复思考thought(countable)想法5.Itisawfultowalkinthewetanddirtystreet.awful糟糕的-awfully（adv）---awfulness（糟糕的情况）moreawful更糟糕的themostawful最糟糕的dirty-dirtier---dirtiest脏的dirt(n.)尘土，污垢6.Writedownyourfeelingsaboutthedifferentseasons.写下你对不同季节的感受feelingsn感受，感情，常用复数feeling知觉feel感受，感觉，（系动词）+adjIfelthappywhenhearingthenews.feellike感觉起来像，摸起来像，喜欢Theclothfeelslikesilk.这布摸起来像丝绸Theinterviewonlytooktenminutes,butitfeltlikehours.面试只花了十分钟，但感觉起来像好几个小时feellike想要做某事，Idon’tfeellikewalkingverymuchtoday.我今天不太想散步season季节，赛季seasonal季节性的，随季节变化的seasonalflu季节性流感seasoned调过味的，富有经验的，老于此道的aseasonedperformer一名经验丰富的表演者seasoning调味品，作料复数seasonings9.alazygrasshopperlazy—lazier—laziest---lazily(adv)懒地—laziness（n）懒惰Theprimarycauseofhisfailureishislaziness.他失败的根本原因是懒惰7.allthetime=always总是，一直Sheleavesthelightsonallthetime.她总是让灯亮着attimes=sometimes有时，间或Hecanbehardtogetalongwithattimes.他有时候会很难相处tellthetime报时Awatchisusedtotellthetime.atonetime曾经一度，一次Hewaspooratonetime.atatime一次Hecaneatfourhamburgersatatime.innotime立刻，马上Ourtroublewillblowoverinnotime.我们的烦恼很快会消除的atnotime决不，在任何时候都不AtnotimewillIfeeltiredoflearning.我绝对不会厌倦学习Itistime(forsb.)todosth.Itistimethatsb.didsth.是某人该做某事的时间了Itistimethatwehadlunch.Itistimeforustohavelunch.是我们吃午餐的时间了Vtime安排时间，计时Timehowlongitwilltakeyoutogetthere.计时看看到那里需要多长时间timely及时的，适时的Thanksforyourtimelyreminder.谢谢你及时的提醒11.Don’tbesilly.Itissillyofsb.todosth.Silly(adj.)蠢的------silliness(n)蠢，愚蠢以ly结尾的形容词lonely孤单的lovely可爱的deadly致命的friendly友好的ugly丑的，丑陋的likely可能的timely及时的brotherly兄弟般的12.Therewillbeplentyoffood.会有充足的食物的plentyof大量，许多(后接可数名词复数或者不可数名词)plentyofeggs/moneyalargequantityof=largequantitiesof许多，大量(后接可数名词复数或者不可数名词)alotof=lotsof(后接可数名词复数或者不可数名词)agreatdealof=much许多，大量(修饰不可数名词)Ittookmeagreatdealoftimetofinishthetask.alargenumberof=largenumbersof许多，大量（后面只能接可数名词复数）Alargenumberofpeoplevisitthevillageeveryyear.每年有许多人参观那个村子13.lookforfoodeverywhereeverywhere=hereandthere到处，各处lookfor寻找复习lookup,lookoutfor.lookupto,lookdownon/uponlookinto调查14.disappointed失望的，沮丧的disappointing令人失望的disappointment(n)失望，沮丧disappoint(v)sb.使某人失望Theyweredisappointedattheresultofthegame.Theyweredisappointedtoseetheresultofthegame.Toourdisappointment,theresultofthegamewasnotgood.令我们失望的是……bedisappointedwith/insb.对某人失望15.What’sthematterwithsb.?=What’swrongwithsb.?matterv/nasamatteroffact=infact事实上，实际上nomatterwhen/who/where/what不论何时、谁、何地、什么Nomatterwhoyouare,youshouldobeytherules.无论你是谁，你都应该遵守规则Itdoesn’tmatter.没关系16.Thegrasshopperthankedtheantandpromised……promisesb.sth.承诺/答应/许诺某人……promisethat从句IpromisethatIwillbuyyouanewmobilephoneifyoudowellinnextexam.Ican’tpromiseyouanythingnow.promise(not)todo承诺/答应（不）做某事Theprincipalpromisedtolookintothematter.校长答应调查那件事make/keep/breakapromise许下/信守/违背诺言promising有希望的，有前途的themostpromisingnewactor最有前途新演员